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Padri War
The Padri War (also called the Minangkabau War) was fought from 1803 until 1837 in West Sumatra, Indonesia between the Padri and the Adat. The Padri were Muslim clerics from Sumatra who wanted to impose Sharia in Minangkabau country in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The Adat comprised the Minangkabau nobility and traditional chiefs. They asked for the help of the Dutch, who intervened in 1821 and helped the nobility defeat the Padri faction. Background It can be considered that the Padri War actually began in 1803, prior to Dutch intervention, and was a conflict that had broken out in Minangkabau country when the Padri started to suppress what they saw as un-Islamic customs, i.e. the '' adat''. But after occupation of the Pagaruyung Kingdom by Tuanku Pasaman, one of Padri leaders in 1815, on 21 February 1821, the Minangkabau nobility made a deal with Dutch in Padang to help them to fight the Padri. ''Adat'', as customary law is called in Indonesia, includes indigenous, pre-Islamic r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Sumatra
West Sumatra ( id, Sumatra Barat) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia. It is located on the west coast of the island of Sumatra and includes the Mentawai Islands off that coast. The province has an area of , with a population of 5,534,472 at the 2020 Indonesian census, 2020 census.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. The official estimate at mid 2021 was 5,580,232.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2022. West Sumatra borders the Indian Ocean to the west, as well as the provinces of North Sumatra to the north, Riau to the northeast, Jambi to the southeast, and Bengkulu to the south. The province is List of regencies and cities in West Sumatra, subdivided into twelve Regency (Indonesia), regencies and seven City status in Indonesia#Kota, cities. It has relatively more cities than other provinces outside of Java, although several of them are relatively low in population compared with cities elsewhere in Indonesia. ' is the province's capital city, capital and List of Indo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andreas Victor Michiels
Andreas Victor Michiels (Maastricht, Netherlands, 30 May 1797 – Kusamba, Bali 25 May 1849) was a military and administrative officer in the Dutch East Indies. Early life and military career Michiels entered military service at age 17 years, participated in the Battle of Waterloo, and in 1817 went to the island of Java, where he was directly involved in the conflict in Cirebon. On 29 August 1818 he was promoted to captain. He fought in the Java War as a colonel commandant. On 22 November 1828, King William I appointed Michiels a knight and officer in the Military William Order, one year before he was appointed as a major. In the years 1831 and 1832, he participated in the conquest of Narras and Kottiangan, in 1832, he led an expedition against the Jambi Sultanate; the month of May in that year he was appointed lieutenant-colonel and in November he was awarded a knighthood in the Order of the Netherlands Lion. He led the raid on Bonjol and under his leadership he was able to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the 14th-largest country by area, at . With over 275 million people, Indonesia is the world's fourth-most populous country and the most populous Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population. Indonesia is a presidential republic with an elected legislature. It has 38 provinces, of which nine have special status. The country's capital, Jakarta, is the world's second-most populous urban area. Indonesia shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and the eastern part of Malaysia, as well as maritime borders with Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, Australia, Palau, and India ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuanku Pasaman
Tuanku Pasaman was an Islamic cleric (ulama) and leader. He was known as a prominent padri, a group of Islamic reformists who advocated for the puritanical approach in Islam inspired by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab in the early 18th century West Sumatra. There is not much data available for this figure, except for his role during the Padri War. In 1815, he led padri group and stormed the government office of Pagaruyung Kingdom Pagaruyung (ڤاڬارويوڠ; also Pagarruyung, Pagar Ruyung and, Malayapura or Malayupura) was the seat of the Minangkabau kings of Western Sumatra, though little is known about it. Modern Pagaruyung is a village in ''Tanjung Emas'' subdist ..., toppled the Sultan Arifin Muningsyah who escaped to Lubuk Jambi. In the record of Raffles, who traveled around Pagaruyung in 1818, it is mentioned that Pasaman only looted the handful of remains of the burned-down castle.Raffles, Sophia, (1830), ''Memoir of the life and public services of Sir Thomas Stamford Raf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuanku Nan Renceh
Tuanku Nan Renceh was an Islamic cleric (ulama), leader and commanding figure highly regarded in Indonesia as a fighter against the Dutch colonialism in the battle known as the Padri War from 1803-1838. Not much is known about this figure, other than his charismatic status. He is also known for his commitment to upholding the Shari'a. From the Dutch record, he was considered an antagonist figure, who was responsible for the violence in the Plateau of Padang. The real name of Tuanku Nan Renceh was Abdullah. He was born in Nagari Kamang in 1780 and died during the Padri War. He was a disciple of the prominent ulama of his time, Tuanku Nan Tuo.Azra, A., (2004), ''The Origins of Islamic Reformism in Southeast Asia: Networks of Malay-Indonesian and Middle Eastern 'Ulamā' in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries'', University of Hawaii Press, . After receiving Tuo's teaching, he became a ''padri'', a group of people who advocated for the puritanical approach in Islam inspired by Mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuanku Tambusai
Sheikh Haji Muhammad Saleh (Tambusai, Rokan Hulu, Riau, 5 November 1784 – Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, 12 November 1882) is one of the Islamic leaders for the padri movement. Tuanku Tambusai, as he was well known in Indonesia was one of the leaders who fought the colonial invaders during the Padri Wars in 1838 along with his contemporaries, Tuanku Imam Bonjol and Tuanku Rao. Biography His real name is Muhammad Saleh. He was born in Dalu-dalu a village in Tambusai on 5 November 1784. Muhammad Saleh is the son an Islamic teacher from Minang homeland in western Sumatera. His father came from village called Rambah. His father was appointed by the Sultan of Riau as the chief imam and married a local women, called Munah. His mother, Munah came from a village in Tambusai called Kandang Kopuh. Early life Muhammad Saleh was brought up by his father who was the Chief Imam during the rule of the Sultanate of Riau in the 1800s. During his childhood, his father has taught him martial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuanku Rao
Tuanku Rao (1790-1833) was an Islamic cleric (ulama), leader and commander. He was known as a prominent ''padri'', a group of Islamic reformists who advocated for the puritanical approach in Islam inspired by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab in the early 18th century West Sumatra. He also contributed to the proselytization of Islam among Batak people. He died during the Padri War in 1833. Biography Early life Rao was born to a Minangkabau family, hailed from Rao, Pasaman in West Sumatra. His father was from Tarung-Tarung, Rao, and his mother was from Padang Mantinggi, Rao. During his adolescence, Rao deepened the knowledge of Islam at the surau of the prominent ulama Tuanku Nan Tuo in Koto Tuo, Agam, and then proceeded to the surau in Bonjol. He completed the science of Islamic jurisprudence with the honorable title ''thayyib jiddan'' (very satisfying), awarded by Fakih Muhammad. Padri movement Rao was one of the strongest Padri warlords, vigorously fighting against the Dutch East Indies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tuanku Imam Bonjol
Tuanku Imam Bonjol (1772 – 6 November 1864), also known as Muhammad Syahab, Peto Syarif, and Malim Basa, was one of the most popular leaders of the Padri movement in Central Sumatra. He was declared a National Hero of Indonesia. Biography Tuanku Imam Bonjol was born in Bonjol, Pasaman, West Sumatra. His family, of Moroccan origin, came from Sungai Rimbang, Suliki, Limapuluh Koto. His parents name were Bayanuddin (father) and Hamatun (mother). He was immersed in Islamic studies as he grew up, studying first from his father and later under various other Muslim theologians. After founding the state of Bonjol, Syarif became involved in the Adat-Padri controversy as a Padri leader. The Padri movement, which has been compared to the Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah (Sunni) school of Islam in the now Saudi Arabia, was an effort to return the Islam of the area to the purity of its roots by removing local distortions like gambling, cockfighting, the use of opium and strong drink, toba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hendrik Merkus Lange
Hendrik may refer to: * Hendrik (given name) * Hans Hendrik, Greenlandic Arctic traveller and interpreter * Hendrik Island, an island in Greenland * Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht, a municipality in the Netherlands * A character from ''Dragon Quest XI'' See also * Hendrich (other) * Hendrick (other) Hendrick may refer to: People * Hendrick (given name), alternative spelling of the Dutch given name Hendrik * Hendrick (surname) * King Hendrick (other), one of two Mohawk leaders who have often been conflated: ** Hendrick Tejonihokara ... * Henrich {{disambig, surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
