Sheikh Sheikh (pronounced or ; ar, شيخ ' , mostly pronounced , plural ' )—also transliterated sheekh, sheyikh, shaykh, shayk, shekh, shaik and Shaikh, shak—is an honorific title in the Arabic language. It commonly designates a chief of a ...

Haji Muhammad Saleh (Tambusai,

Rokan Hulu Rokan Hulu is a regency (''kabupaten'') of Riau, Indonesia. It is located on the island of Sumatra. Rokan Hulu Regency was created as a result of the division of Kampar Regency, of which it was previously the western half. The new Regency was estab ...

Riau Riau is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the central eastern coast of Sumatra along the Strait of Malacca. The province shares land borders with North Sumatra to the northwest, West Sumatra to the west, and Jambi to the south. Accord ...

, 5 November 1784 –

Negeri Sembilan Negeri Sembilan (, Negeri Sembilan Malay: ''Nogoghi Sombilan'', ''Nismilan'') is a state in Malaysia which lies on the western coast of Peninsular Malaysia. It borders Selangor on the north, Pahang in the east, and Malacca and Johor to the s ...

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...

, 12 November 1882) is one of the Islamic leaders for the padri movement. Tuanku Tambusai, as he was well known in Indonesia was one of the leaders who fought the colonial invaders during the Padri Wars in 1838 along with his contemporaries,

Tuanku Imam Bonjol Tuanku Imam Bonjol (1772 – 6 November 1864), also known as Muhammad Syahab, Peto Syarif, and Malim Basa, was one of the most popular leaders of the Padri movement in Central Sumatra. He was declared a National Hero of Indonesia. Biograp ...

and

Tuanku Rao Tuanku Rao (1790-1833) was an Islamic cleric ( ulama), leader and commander. He was known as a prominent ''padri'', a group of Islamic reformists who advocated for the puritanical approach in Islam inspired by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab in the early ...

Biography

His real name is Muhammad Saleh. He was born in Dalu-dalu a village in Tambusai on 5 November 1784. Muhammad Saleh is the son an Islamic teacher from Minang homeland in western Sumatera. His father came from village called Rambah. His father was appointed by the Sultan of Riau as the chief imam and married a local women, called Munah. His mother, Munah came from a village in Tambusai called Kandang Kopuh.

Early life

Muhammad Saleh was brought up by his father who was the Chief Imam during the rule of the

Sultanate of Riau Riau-Lingga Sultanate (Malay/Indonesian: کسلطانن رياوليڠݢ, ''Kesultanan Riau-Lingga''), also known as the Lingga-Riau Sultanate, Riau Sultanate or Lingga Sultanate was a Malay sultanate that existed from 1824 to 1911, before be ...

in the 1800s. During his childhood, his father has taught him martial arts and horseback riding. Muhammad Saleh also seek his knowledge from Islamic scholars in

Bonjol Bonjol is name of a district (kecamatan) in the Pasaman Regency (kabupaten Pasaman), province West Sumatera, Indonesia. It is famous especially for its location as it lies just at the equator line. Bonjol is also the place of birth of Tuanku Ima ...

and Rao. He was also inspired by the understanding of

salaf Salaf ( ar, سلف, "ancestors" or "predecessors"), also often referred to with the honorific expression of "al-salaf al-ṣāliḥ" (, "the pious predecessors") are often taken to be the first three generations of Muslims. This comprises Muhamm ...

from the teaching of Muhammad ibn Abdul Wahab during his time in Mecca. Muhammad Saleh became the leader of the Padri movement in Tambusai and was granted the title by Tuanku Tambusai, meaning, Lord of Tambusai, by the Sultan. {{Authority control 1784 births 1882 deaths Indonesian Muslims People from Riau Minangkabau people Military history of Indonesia National Heroes of Indonesia Padris