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Nucleariida
Nucleariida is a group of amoebae with filose pseudopods, known mostly from soils and freshwater. They are distinguished from the superficially similar vampyrellids mainly by having mitochondria with discoid cristae, in the absence of superficial granules, and in the way they consume food. Classification Molecular studies indicate that nucleariids are closely related to fungi. and more distantly to the lineage that gave rise to choanoflagellates and metazoa opisthokonts, the group which includes animals, fungi. Some use a broad definition of Opisthokonta to include all of these organisms with flattened mitochondrial cristae. The genera '' Rabdiophrys'', ''Pinaciophora'', and ''Pompholyxophrys'', freshwater forms with hollow siliceous scales or spines, were included in Nucleariida by some. This was disputed by Smith and Chao who placed them in the Rhizaria. Their affinity with the nucleariids has been confirmed. Historically, nucleariids were included among the heliozoa as th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nucleariids
Nucleariida is a group of amoebae with filose pseudopods, known mostly from soils and freshwater. They are distinguished from the superficially similar vampyrellids mainly by having mitochondria with discoid cristae, in the absence of superficial granules, and in the way they consume food. Classification Molecular studies indicate that nucleariids are closely related to fungi. and more distantly to the lineage that gave rise to choanoflagellates and metazoa opisthokonts, the group which includes animals, fungi. Some use a broad definition of Opisthokonta to include all of these organisms with flattened mitochondrial cristae. The genera '' Rabdiophrys'', ''Pinaciophora'', and ''Pompholyxophrys'', freshwater forms with hollow siliceous scales or spines, were included in Nucleariida by some. This was disputed by Smith and Chao who placed them in the Rhizaria. Their affinity with the nucleariids has been confirmed. Historically, nucleariids were included among the heliozoa as th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opisthokont
The opisthokonts () are a broad group of eukaryotes, including both the animal and fungus kingdoms. The opisthokonts, previously called the "Fungi/Metazoa group", are generally recognized as a clade. Opisthokonts together with Apusomonadida and Breviata comprise the larger clade Obazoa. Flagella and other characteristics A common characteristic of opisthokonts is that flagellate cells, such as the sperm of most animals and the spores of the chytrid fungi, propel themselves with a single ''posterior'' flagellum. It is this feature that gives the group its name. In contrast, flagellate cells in other eukaryote groups propel themselves with one or more ''anterior'' flagella. However, in some opisthokont groups, including most of the fungi, flagellate cells have been lost. Opisthokont characteristics include synthesis of extracellular chitin in exoskeleton, cyst/spore wall, or cell wall of filamentous growth and hyphae; the extracellular digestion of substrates with osmotrophic a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opisthokont
The opisthokonts () are a broad group of eukaryotes, including both the animal and fungus kingdoms. The opisthokonts, previously called the "Fungi/Metazoa group", are generally recognized as a clade. Opisthokonts together with Apusomonadida and Breviata comprise the larger clade Obazoa. Flagella and other characteristics A common characteristic of opisthokonts is that flagellate cells, such as the sperm of most animals and the spores of the chytrid fungi, propel themselves with a single ''posterior'' flagellum. It is this feature that gives the group its name. In contrast, flagellate cells in other eukaryote groups propel themselves with one or more ''anterior'' flagella. However, in some opisthokont groups, including most of the fungi, flagellate cells have been lost. Opisthokont characteristics include synthesis of extracellular chitin in exoskeleton, cyst/spore wall, or cell wall of filamentous growth and hyphae; the extracellular digestion of substrates with osmotrophic a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuclearia
''Nuclearia'' is a nucleariid Nucleariida is a group of amoebae with filose pseudopods, known mostly from soils and freshwater. They are distinguished from the superficially similar vampyrellids mainly by having mitochondria with discoid cristae, in the absence of superfi ... genus. Species include: * Species ?'' Astrodisculus affinis'' Schouteden 1905 * Species ?'' Astrodisculus araneiformis'' Schewiakoff 1893 * Species ?'' Astrodisculus laciniatus'' Penard 1904 'Chlamydaster lacinatus'' (Penard 1904) Rainer 1968* Species ?'' Astrodisculus marinus'' Kufferath 1952 * Species ?'' Astrodisculus minutus'' Greeff 1869 * Species ?'' Heliophrys variabilis'' * Species ?'' Nuclearina similis'' * Species ?'' N. amphizonellae'' Penard 1917 * Species ?'' N. conspicua'' West 1903 * Species ?'' N. delicatula'' Cienkowsky 1865 * Species ?'' N. lohmanni'' Kufferath 1952 * Species ?'' N. pseudotenelloides'' * Species '' N. flavescens'' (Greef 1869) Patterson 1984 'Astrodisculus flavescen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nuclearia Thermophila
''Nuclearia'' is a nucleariid Nucleariida is a group of amoebae with filose pseudopods, known mostly from soils and freshwater. They are distinguished from the superficially similar vampyrellids mainly by having mitochondria with discoid cristae, in the absence of superfi ... genus. Species include: * Species ?'' Astrodisculus affinis'' Schouteden 1905 * Species ?'' Astrodisculus araneiformis'' Schewiakoff 1893 * Species ?'' Astrodisculus laciniatus'' Penard 1904 'Chlamydaster lacinatus'' (Penard 1904) Rainer 1968* Species ?'' Astrodisculus marinus'' Kufferath 1952 * Species ?'' Astrodisculus minutus'' Greeff 1869 * Species ?'' Heliophrys variabilis'' * Species ?'' Nuclearina similis'' * Species ?'' N. amphizonellae'' Penard 1917 * Species ?'' N. conspicua'' West 1903 * Species ?'' N. delicatula'' Cienkowsky 1865 * Species ?'' N. lohmanni'' Kufferath 1952 * Species ?'' N. pseudotenelloides'' * Species '' N. flavescens'' (Greef 1869) Patterson 1984 'Astrodisculus flavescen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pinaciophora
''Pinaciophora'' is an amoeboid genus of Heliozoa of uncertain affinity, previously classified as Rhizaria The Rhizaria are an ill-defined but species-rich supergroup of mostly unicellular eukaryotes. Except for the Chlorarachniophytes and three species in the genus Paulinella in the phylum Cercozoa, they are all non-photosynthethic, but many forami .... It includes the species ''Pinaciophora fluviatilis''. It was placed before in Nucleariida. References Heliozoa genera {{Rhizaria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micronuclearia
''Micronuclearia'' is a genus of free-living protozoa. While originally thought to be a nucleariid Nucleariida is a group of amoebae with filose pseudopods, known mostly from soils and freshwater. They are distinguished from the superficially similar vampyrellids mainly by having mitochondria with discoid cristae, in the absence of superfi ..., as reflected in the name, it is now inferred to be a member of the taxon Rigifilida, and to belong to the 'CRuMs' assemblage (whereas nucleariids are opisthokonts). The type species is '' Micronuclearia podoventralis''. References Podiata Eukaryote genera {{eukaryote-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudopodia
A pseudopod or pseudopodium (plural: pseudopods or pseudopodia) is a temporary arm-like projection of a eukaryotic cell membrane that is emerged in the direction of movement. Filled with cytoplasm, pseudopodia primarily consist of actin filaments and may also contain microtubules and intermediate filaments. Pseudopods are used for motility and ingestion. They are often found in amoebas. Different types of pseudopodia can be classified by their distinct appearances. Lamellipodia are broad and thin. Filopodia are slender, thread-like, and are supported largely by microfilaments. Lobopodia are bulbous and amoebic. Reticulopodia are complex structures bearing individual pseudopodia which form irregular nets. Axopodia are the phagocytosis type with long, thin pseudopods supported by complex microtubule arrays enveloped with cytoplasm; they respond rapidly to physical contact. Some pseudopodial cells are able to use multiple types of pseudopodia depending on the situation: Most of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amoeba
An amoeba (; less commonly spelled ameba or amœba; plural ''am(o)ebas'' or ''am(o)ebae'' ), often called an amoeboid, is a type of Cell (biology), cell or unicellular organism with the ability to alter its shape, primarily by extending and retracting pseudopodia, pseudopods. Amoebae do not form a single Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group; instead, they are found in every major Lineage (evolution), lineage of eukaryote, eukaryotic organisms. Amoeboid cells occur not only among the protozoa, but also in fungi, algae, and animals. Microbiologists often use the terms "amoeboid" and "amoeba" interchangeably for any organism that exhibits amoeboid movement. In older classification systems, most amoebae were placed in the Class (biology), class or subphylum Sarcodina, a grouping of Unicellular organism, single-celled organisms that possess pseudopods or move by protoplasmic flow. However, molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that Sarcodina is not a monophyletic group whose memb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rabdiophrys
''Rabdiophrys'' is a genus of amoeboid rhizarians. It has 19 species, including the species ''Rabdiophrys anulifera''. It was placed before in Nucleariida Nucleariida is a group of amoebae with filose pseudopods, known mostly from soils and freshwater. They are distinguished from the superficially similar vampyrellids mainly by having mitochondria with discoid cristae, in the absence of superfic .... References Cercozoa genera {{Rhizaria-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heliozoa
Heliozoa, commonly known as sun-animalcules, are microbial eukaryotes (protists) with stiff arms ( axopodia) radiating from their spherical bodies, which are responsible for their common name. The axopodia are microtubule-supported projections from the amoeboid cell body, and are variously used for capturing food, sensation, movement, and attachment. They are similar to Radiolaria, but they are distinguished from them by lacking central capsules and other complex skeletal elements, although some produce simple scales and spines. They may be found in both freshwater and marine environments. Classification Originally the heliozoa were treated together as a formal taxon Heliozoa or Heliozoea, with the rank of class or phylum, but it has been realised that they are polyphyletic, as the various orders show notable differences and are no longer believed to be descended from a single common ancestor. Instead, "heliozoa" is regarded as a descriptive term applying to various lines of proti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizaria
The Rhizaria are an ill-defined but species-rich supergroup of mostly unicellular eukaryotes. Except for the Chlorarachniophytes and three species in the genus Paulinella in the phylum Cercozoa, they are all non-photosynthethic, but many foraminifera and radiolaria have a symbiotic relationship with unicellular algae. A multicellular form, ''Guttulinopsis vulgaris'', a cellular slime mold, has also been described. This group was used by Cavalier-Smith in 2002, although the term "Rhizaria" had been long used for clades within the currently recognized taxon. Being described mainly from rDNA sequences, they vary considerably in form, having no clear morphological distinctive characters (synapomorphies), but for the most part they are amoeboids with filose, reticulose, or microtubule-supported pseudopods. In the absence of an apomorphy, the group is ill-defined, and its composition has been very fluid. Some Rhizaria possess mineral exoskeleton (thecae or loricas), which is in differ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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