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Noyemberyan District
The Noyemberyan District () was a ''raion'' (district) of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic from 1937 to 1991 and of the Republic of Armenia from 1991 to 1995. It now constitutes the northeastern part of the Tavush Province ( ''marz'') of Armenia. Its administrative center was the town of the same name. It was bordered by the Alaverdi and Ijevan districts of the Armenian SSR to the west and south, respectively, the Marneuli District of the Georgian SSR to the north and the Gazakh District of the Azerbaijan SSR to the east and south. It had an area of 538 square kilometers and a population of 29,700 as of 1987. History In 1918–1920, Noyemberyan was a disputed territory between the briefly independent republics of Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan. Georgia, which laid claim to the whole Borchaly Uyezd that Noyemberyan was partially a part of, claimed the northwestern Debed Valley, whilst Azerbaijan claimed the remaining southeastern part of the region. Numerous border clas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noyemberyan
Noyemberyan ( hy, Նոյեմբերյան) is a town and urban municipal community in the northeast of Armenia, within the Tavush Province. It is located 2 km west of the Armenia-Azerbaijan border and 9 km south of the Armenia-Georgia border. As of the 2011 census, the population of the town was 5,310. As per the 2016 official estimate, the population of Noyemberyan is around 4,900. Etymology Noyemberyan was known as ''Barana'' ( hy, Բարանա) until 1937. According to historian Makar Barkhudaryants, the old name ''Barana'' or ''Parana'' ( hy, Պարանա) is a dialectical form of the Armenian word ''aparan'' ( hy, ապարան), meaning ''palace''. In 1938, it was renamed ''Noyemberyan'' (meaning the ''city of November'') by the Soviets to commemorate the entry of the Soviet Red Army into Armenia that took place on November 29, 1920. History Historically, the area of modern-day Noyemberyan was part of the ''Koghbapor'' ( hy, Կողբափոր) canton of Gugark ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian–Azerbaijani War (1918–1920)
The Armenian-Azerbaijani war (1918–1920); ; russian: Армяно-азербайджанская война, translit=Armi͡ano-azerbaĭdzhanskai͡a voĭna. was a conflict that took place in the South Caucasus in regions with a mixed Armenian- Azerbaijani population, broadly encompassing what are now modern-day Azerbaijan and Armenia. It began during the final months of World War I and ended with the establishment of Soviet rule. The conflict took place against the backdrop of the Russian Civil War and the partition of the Ottoman Empire. Mutual territorial claims, made by the newly formed Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and Republic of Armenia, led to their respective support for Azerbaijani and Armenian militias in the disputed territories. Armenia fought against Azerbaijani militias in the Erivan Governorate of the former Russian Empire, while Azerbaijan fought Armenian claims to the Karabakh region. The war was characterized by outbreaks of massacres and ethnic cleansing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Udi People
Udis (endonym ''Udi'' or ''Uti'') are a native people of the Caucasus that currently live mainly in Russia and Azerbaijan, with smaller populations in Georgia (country), Georgia, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine and other countries. Their total number is about 10,000 people. They speak the Udi language, which belongs to the Northeast Caucasian languages, Northeast Caucasian language family. Some also speak Azerbaijani language, Azerbaijani, Russian language, Russian, Georgian language, Georgian or Armenian language, Armenian, depending on where they reside. Their religion is Christianity. History The Udi are considered to be one of the 26 tribes of the Caucasian Albania of late antiquity. According to the classical authors, the Udi inhabited the area of the eastern Caucasus along the coast of the Caspian Sea, in a territory extending to the Kura (Caspian Sea), Kura River in the north. There was also province of the Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity), Kingdom of Armenia, Utik, Utikʻ (lat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsalka Municipality
__NOTOC__ Tsalka ( ka, წალკის მუნიციპალიტეტი, ''Ćalḱis Municiṕaliťeťi; ;'' ) is a municipality in Georgia's southern region of Kvemo Kartli, covering an area of . As of 2021 it had a population of 19,679 people. The city of Tsalka is its administrative centre. The area of the municipality corresponds to the historical region of Trialeti. Administrative divisions Tsalka municipality is administratively divided into 30 communities (თემი, temi) with 40 villages (სოფელი, sopeli), three urban-type settlements (დაბა, daba) and one city (ქალაკი, kalaki). * city: Tsalka; * daba: Bediani, Khramhesi and Trialeti. * villages: for example Beshtasheni and Sameba. Population The population of Tsalka is 19,679 according to the 2021 estimate, which is a slight increase from the last census of 2014 (18,849). The ethnic composition is 46.7% Georgian, 38.8% Armenian, 7.0% Azerbaijani and 6.9% Greek. The pop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian Dialects
The Armenian language has two standardized forms: Western Armenian and Eastern Armenian. Before the Armenian genocide and other significant demographic changes that affected the Armenians, several dozen Armenian dialects existed in the area historically populated by them. Classification by Hrachia Acharian ''Classification des dialectes arméniens'' (''Classification of Armenian dialects'') is a 1909 book by the Armenian linguist Hrachia Acharian, published in Paris. It is Acharian's translation into French of his original worՀայ Բարբառագիտութիւն(Armenian Dialectology) that was later published as a book in 1911 in Moscow and New Nakhichevan. The French translation lacks the dialectal examples. Acharian surveyed the Armenian dialects in what is now Turkey, Armenia, Georgia, Iran, Azerbaijan and other countries settled by Armenians. Unlike the traditional division of Armenian into two dialects (Western Armenian and Eastern Armenian), he divided Armenian into t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Debed
The Debed ( hy, Դեբեդ) or Debeda ( ka, დებედა) is a river in Armenia and Georgia. It also serves as a natural boundary between Armenia and Georgia at the village Sadakhlo, Georgia. It is long, and has a drainage basin of . The river originates in Armenia and is formed at the confluence of the Dzoraget and Pambak. It ends in Georgia where it feeds into the Khrami, a tributary of Kura. See also * * |
Azerbaijani Armed Forces
The Azerbaijani Armed Forces ( az, Azərbaycan Silahlı Qüvvələri) were re-established according to the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan on the Armed Forces from 9 October 1991. The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (ADR) had originally formed its own armed forces from 26 June 1918 but were dissolved after Azerbaijan was absorbed into the Soviet Union as the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic from 28 April 1920. After the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991–92, the armed forces were reformed based on Soviet bases and equipment left on Azerbaijani soil. The armed forces have three branches: the Azerbaijani Land Forces, the Azerbaijani Air and Air Defence Force, and the Azerbaijani Navy. Associated forces include the Azerbaijani National Guard, the Internal Troops of Azerbaijan, and the State Border Service, which can be involved in state defense under certain circumstances. According to the Azerbaijani media sources the military expenditures of Azerbaijan for 2009 were set at U ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artsvashen
Artsvashen ( hy, Արծվաշեն, ; az, Başkənd, lit=Main Village) is a ''de jure'' Armenian village in the Gegharkunik Province of Armenia. It is a 40 square kilometres exclave of Armenia, and it is surrounded by the territory of Azerbaijan, which has ''de facto'' controlled it since the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. History The present village was founded in 1854 or 1859 as ''Bashkend'' ( hy, Բաշքենդ) by Armenians from Choratan in Shamshadin, although an earlier Armenian presence on the site is attested by an inscription dated to 1607 on the Surb Hovhannes church in the town. It was later changed to Hin Bashkend ( hy, Հին Բաշքենդ), meaning Old Bashkend to differentiate it from New or Nor Bashkend, founded by migrants from the original settlement. The villagers' ancestors were originally from the province of Artsakh who migrated to Tavush. In 1920 the village was also referred to as ''Bashgyugh''. In 1923–1929, the territorial dispute over Artsvashen was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Nagorno-Karabakh War
The First Nagorno-Karabakh War, referred to in Armenia as the Artsakh Liberation War ( hy, Արցախյան ազատամարտ, Artsakhyan azatamart) was an ethnic and territorial conflict that took place from February 1988 to May 1994, in the enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh in southwestern Azerbaijan, between the majority ethnic Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh backed by Armenia, and the Republic of Azerbaijan. As the war progressed, Armenia and Azerbaijan, both former Soviet Republics, entangled themselves in protracted, undeclared mountain warfare in the mountainous heights of Karabakh as Azerbaijan attempted to curb the secessionist movement in Nagorno-Karabakh. The enclave's parliament had voted in favor of uniting with Armenia and a referendum, boycotted by the Azerbaijani population of Nagorno-Karabakh, was held, in which a majority voted in favor of independence. The demand to unify with Armenia began in a relatively peaceful manner in 1988; in the following months, as the S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armed Forces Of Armenia
The Armed Forces of Armenia ( hy, Հայաստանի զինված ուժեր, Hayastani zinvats uzher), sometimes referred to as the Armenian Army ( hy, Հայկական Բանակ, Haykakan Banak), is the national military of Armenia. It consists of personnel branches under the General Staff of the Armenian Armed Forces, which can be divided into two general branches: the Ground Forces, and the Air Force and Air Defense Forces. Though it was partially formed out of the former Soviet Army forces stationed in the Armenian SSR (mostly units of the 7th Guards Army of the Transcaucasian Military District), the military of Armenia can be traced back to the founding of the First Republic of Armenia in 1918. Being a landlocked country, Armenia has no navy. The Commander-in-Chief of the military is the Prime Minister of Armenia, Nikol Pashinyan. The Ministry of Defence is in charge of political leadership, headed by Suren Papikyan, while military command remains in the hands of the gene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aşağı Əskipara
Aşağı Əskipara ( hy, Ներքին Ոսկեպար, lit=Lower Voskepar, translit=Nerkin Voskepar) is an abandoned village in the Qazax District, Qazakh District of Azerbaijan. It is located along the border in territory controlled by Armenia since the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. Nearby Voskepar is located in Armenia proper and Yukhari Askipara, Yuxarı Əskipara is in what is officially an exclave of Azerbaijan within Armenia, but which territory is controlled by Armenia. Demographics According to the 1915 publication of the ''Caucasian Calendar'', the village (Аксибара татар, ''Aksibara tatar'') had a predominantly Tatar (later known as Azerbaijanis, Azerbaijani) population of 933 in 1914. References External links * Populated places in Qazax District Enclaves and exclaves {{Qazakh-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and, after 1922, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The army was established in January 1918. The Bolsheviks raised an army to oppose the military confederations (especially the various groups collectively known as the White Army) of their adversaries during the Russian Civil War. Starting in February 1946, the Red Army, along with the Soviet Navy, embodied the main component of the Soviet Armed Forces; taking the official name of "Soviet Army", until its dissolution in 1991. The Red Army provided the largest land force in the Allied victory in the European theatre of World War II, and its invasion of Manchuria assisted the unconditional surrender of Imperial Japan. During operations on the Eastern Front, it accounted for 75–80% of casual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
