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Northern Loloish Languages
The Northern Loloish languages, also known as Northern Ngwi, are a branch of the Loloish languages that includes the literary standard of the Yi people. In Lama's (2012) classification, it is called ''Nisoid'' (''Nisu–Lope''), which forms the Nisoish languages, Nisoish branch together with the ''Axi-Puoid'' (Southeastern Loloish) languages. Languages Two of the six Yi people, Yi languages (''fangyan'' 方言) officially recognized by the Chinese government belong to the Northern Loloish branch. *Northern Yi (Nuosu language, Nuosu 诺苏) *Eastern Yi (Nasu language, Nasu 纳苏) Another officially recognized Yi language (''fangyan''), Southern Yi (Nisu language, Nisu 尼苏), may or may not be a Northern Loloish language, as Pelkey (2011) classifies it as a Southeastern Loloish language based on phonological innovations shared with Southeastern instead of Northern Loloish languages. Other Northern Loloish languages are listed below. *Aluo language, Aluo is close to Nasu. *Chesu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, the most of any country in the world, tied with Russia. Covering an area of approximately , it is the world's third largest country by total land area. The country consists of 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four municipalities, and two Special Administrative Regions (Hong Kong and Macau). The national capital is Beijing, and the most populous city and financial center is Shanghai. Modern Chinese trace their origins to a cradle of civilization in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain. The semi-legendary Xia dynasty in the 21st century BCE and the well-attested Shang and Zhou dynasties developed a bureaucratic political system to serve hereditary monarchies, or dyna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luoji Language
Luoji (autonym: ') is a moribund Loloish language of Weining County, Guizhou, China that is spoken by the Qixingmin people. There are a few semi-fluent elderly speakers in Shejie Village 蛇街村, Yangjie Town 羊街镇, Weining County, with no fluent speakers remaining.Hsiu, AndrewLuoji Classification The Qixingmin speak a language closely related to the local Yi language, which is intermediate between the Western and Eastern Yi dialects of Weining County Weining Yi Hui and Miao Autonomous County (; Xiao'erjing: ) is a county of Guizhou, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Bijie. Notable attractions include Majie Ethnic Yi Village () and the historic site of Shime ... (Weining 1997:328).威宁彜族回族苗族自治县民族事务委员会编. 1997. ''Weining County Ethnic Gazeteer'' 宁彝族回族苗族自治县民族志 Guiyang: Guizhou People's Press 州民族出版社 Some vocabulary items differ, such as the word for 'chili peppe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kazhuoish Languages
The Kazhuoish languages are a branch of Loloish languages proposed by Lama (2012). There are five languages. * Katso * Samu * Sanie *Sadu * Meuma Samei may or may not be a Kazhuoish language. However, Bradley (2007) classifies the Kazhuoish languages as Northern Loloish The Northern Loloish languages, also known as Northern Ngwi, are a branch of the Loloish languages that includes the literary standard of the Yi people. In Lama's (2012) classification, it is called ''Nisoid'' (''Nisu–Lope''), which forms the ..., and considers Samu and Sanie to be closely related to Nasu.Bradley, David. 2007. East and Southeast Asia. In Moseley, Christopher (ed.), Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, 349-424. London & New York: Routledge. References * {{Lolo-Burmese languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanie Language
Sanie (autonym: ' or ') is a Loloish language of Yunnan, China. It is similar to Samataw. There were 17,320 ethnic Sanie in 1998, but only about 8,000 spoke the Sanie language fluently. The Sanie are also known as the ''White Yi'' (白彝) (Bradley 1997). A Sanie ''pinyin'' orthography had also been developed recently (Bradley 2005). Names *Ngwi, David Bradley's reconstruction for the autonym of Loloish speakers, is based on the Sanie autonym ' (also pronounced ' by some speakers) (Bradley 2005). Proto-Ngwi *ŋw- changed into '- or '- in most modern Loloish languages. Dialects Bradley (2005) reports significant variation in the Sanie language, and briefly compares the following 6 dialects. * East: Zhaozong 昭宗 (also in Huahongyuan and Yuhua) * Southeast: Chejiabi 车家壁 (also in Shiju) * Northeast: Gulu 古律 * North: Qinghe 清河 * Northwest: Luomian 罗免 * Southwest: Tuoji 妥吉 Bradley (2005) notes that the Sanie varieties spoken in the plains of Xishan District ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samu Language
The Samu (autonym: '; ) language, or Samatao ('; Chinese 撒马多 ''Samaduo''), also known as Eastern Samadu, is a Loloish language spoken by older adults in Zijun Village 子君村 (also called Da'er), Yiliu Township 矣六乡, Guandu District 官渡区, Kunming Kunming (; ), also known as Yunnan-Fu, is the capital and largest city of Yunnan province, China. It is the political, economic, communications and cultural centre of the province as well as the seat of the provincial government. The headquar ..., China. Although there was an ethnic population of 2,465 in 1999, there are no fluent speakers under 50 years of age.Bradley, David. 2005. "Sanie and language loss in China".''International Journal of the Sociology of Language''. Volume 2005, Issue 173, Pp. 159–176. References {{Lolo-Burmese languages Loloish languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samei Language
Samei (autonym: ') is a Loloish language of Yunnan, China closely related to Sani (Bradley 2005). It is spoken in 47 villages in and around Ala Township 阿拉彝族乡, just southeast of downtown Kunming Kunming (; ), also known as Yunnan-Fu, is the capital and largest city of Yunnan province, China. It is the political, economic, communications and cultural centre of the province as well as the seat of the provincial government. The headquar ..., as well as in 7 villages in western Yiliang County (''Ethnologue''). There are about 20,000 speakers out of an estimated 28,000 ethnic population. Samei lexical data is also documented in Satterthwaite-Phillips (2011). References * *Satterthwaite-Phillips, Damian. 2011. ''Phylogenetic inference of the Tibeto-Burman languages or On the usefulness of lexicostatistics (and "Megalo"-comparison) for the subgrouping of Tibeto-Burman''. Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University. Loloish languages Languages of China {{st-lan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naluo Language
Aluo (autonym: ';''Yunnan Province Ethnic Minority Languages Gazetteer'' (云南省志：少数民族语言文字志), p.30 Naluo) is a Loloish language spoken by the Yi people of China. It is also known by its Nasu name ''Laka'' (also ''Gan Yi, Yala, Lila, Niluo''). Names Gao (2017:31) notes that in Wuding County, Yunnan, Aluo and Naluo are equivalent terms for the same Yi subgroup. ''Naluo'' in the ''Wuding County Gazetteer'' (1990) actually refers to ''Aluo'' speakers (Gao 2017:31). ''Naluo'' is not to be confused with '' Naruo'', a Taloid (Central Loloish) language of northern Yunnan. Locations Aluo is spoken in north Wuding, Luquan, and Yuanmou counties, Yunnan, and in Huili and Miyi counties, Sichuan. Gao (2017)Gao, Katie B. 2017. Dynamics of Language Contact in China: Ethnolinguistic Diversity and Variation in Yunnan'. PhD Dissertation: University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa. reports that Aluo (autonym: ; also known as the Gan Yi) is spoken in northwestern Wuding County as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nyisu Language
Nyisu or Yellow Yi 黄彝 is a moribund Loloish language of Kunming, central Yunnan, China. There are fewer than 300 speakers remaining according to Bradley (2005, 2007). Nyisu speakers are also referred to as Doupo 都泼. The Yellow Yi had originally migrated from Sichuan, and live in 4 villages in northwestern Fumin County (endangered) and one village in northwestern Anning, Yunnan (moribund, highly endangered). It is most closely related to Suondi Yi according to Bradley (2005). Nyisu (') was also documented by Lama (2012) in Luomian Township 罗免乡, Fumin County. Pelkey (2011) tentatively classifies Nyisu of Shilin County as belonging to the Nisu language cluster. Nyisu (') of Gaohanshan Village, Zhuqing Township, Shilin County Shilin Yi Autonomous County (: Sani: ) is an autonomous county, under the jurisdiction of Kunming, the capital of Yunnan province, China. Etymology Lunan Yi Autonomous County () is the former name of Shilin, and usually be called for short a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gepo Language
Gepo (Köpu; autonym: ' or ') is a Loloish language of Yunnan, China spoken by 100,000 people. The speakers' autonym is ', while the "-po" of "Gepo" means 'people'. It is spoken in 6 villages of Fumin County, eastern Luquan County, and other adjacent counties to the northeast. Gao (2017)Gao, Katie B. 2017. Dynamics of Language Contact in China: Ethnolinguistic Diversity and Variation in Yunnan'. PhD Dissertation: University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa. classifies Geipo (autonym: ) as a Central Ngwi language. In Wuding County, it is spoken by 250 people in Gubai Village, Shishan Township and by 30 people in Yaoying Village, Shishan Township in Micha-majority villages. Distribution and varieties Gupo 古泼 (autonym: ') is spoken in Mile, Songming, Xundian, Zhanyi, Luoping, Shizong, Luxi, Shilin, Luliang, Yiliang, Fuyuan, Qiubei, Luquan, Huize, and Yiliang counties by about 100,000 speakers.Wang Chengyou 成有 2003. ''Yiyu Fangyan Bijiao Yanjiu'' 语方言比较研究 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mondzish Languages
Mondzish (Mangish) is a small group of languages that constitute the most divergent branch of the Lolo–Burmese languages in the classification of Lama (2012). The Mondzish languages are spoken in Funing, Guangnan, Malipo, and Napo counties of China and Hà Giang and Cao Bang provinces of northern Vietnam. The autonyms of Mondzishspeaking peoples often begins with *man-. Lama (2012) considers *man- to be cognate with Mán (蛮), which is an ancient Chinese exonym for non-Chinese peoples to the south. Mondzish languages are spoken in Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan, China and across the border in Hà Giang Province, Vietnam. According to Hsiu (2014), Kathu is related. Classification Hsiu (2014:73) classifies the Mondzish languages as follows. Additional languages from Hsiu (2017) are also included. *Kathu (Thou) *''Nuclear Mondzish'' (''Nuclear Mangish'') ** Muangphe **Mango, Manga ** Maang (also known as Mo'ang, Meang) ** Mondzi or Mantsi (also known as Lô Lô by the Vietnamese) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yunnan
Yunnan , () is a landlocked Provinces of China, province in Southwest China, the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the Chinese provinces of Guizhou, Sichuan, autonomous regions of Guangxi, and Tibet Autonomous Region, Tibet as well as Southeast Asian countries: Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar. Yunnan is China's fourth least developed province based on disposable income per capita in 2014. Yunnan is situated in a mountainous area, with high elevations in the northwest and low elevations in the southeast. Most of the population lives in the eastern part of the province. In the west, the altitude can vary from the mountain peaks to river valleys by as much as . Yunnan is rich in natural resources and has the largest diversity of plant life in China. Of the approximately 30,000 species of Vascular plant, higher plants in China, Yu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wenshan Prefecture
Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture in southeastern Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China and the easternmost prefecture-level division of the province. It borders Baise, Guangxi to the east, Vietnam's Hà Giang Province to the south for , Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture to the west and Qujing to the north. Subdivisions Ethnic groups Wenshan is highly diverse. According to a local saying, "Han and Hui live by the market, Zhuang and Dai live by the water, Miao and Yi live on the mountains, and Yao live among the bamboos." () Some of Wenshan's ethnic groups include: *Han Chinese *Tai peoples ** Zhuang (3 branches according to Kaup (2000); 4 branches according to Johnson (2011)Johnson, Eric C. 2011.A Lexical and Phonological Comparison of the Central Taic Languages of Wenshan Prefecture, China: Getting More Out of Language Survey Wordlists Than Just Lexical Similarity Percentages. SIL Electronic Working Papers 2011-005: 170.) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
