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Neshapur
Nishapur or officially Romanization of Persian, Romanized as Neyshabur ( fa, ;Or also "نیشاپور" which is closer to its original and historic meaning though it is less commonly used by modern native Persian speakers. In Persian literature, Persian poetry, the name of this city is written and pronounced as "نِشابور" (without the usage of "پ" or "ب"). In modern times and among the general public and the Persian mass media, "نیشابور" is the most commonly used style of pronunciation and spelling of this city though "نیشاپور" is also correct. Nišâpur, Nişapur, Nīshābūr, or Neyshapur are also the other Romanizations of this city. from Middle Persian ''"New-Shapuhr"'', meaning: "The New City of Shapur I, Shapur", "The Fair Shapur I, Shapur", or "The Perfect built of Shapur I, Shapur") is the second-largest city of Razavi Khorasan Province in the Northeast of Iran. Nishapur is situated in a fertile plain at the foot of Binalud Mountains, Binalud Mountain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Avesta
The Avesta () is the primary collection of religious texts of Zoroastrianism, composed in the Avestan language. The Avesta texts fall into several different categories, arranged either by dialect, or by usage. The principal text in the liturgical group is the ''Yasna'', which takes its name from the Yasna ceremony, Zoroastrianism's primary act of worship, and at which the ''Yasna'' text is recited. The most important portion of the ''Yasna'' texts are the five Gathas, consisting of seventeen hymns attributed to Zoroaster himself. These hymns, together with five other short Old Avestan texts that are also part of the ''Yasna'', are in the Old (or 'Gathic') Avestan language. The remainder of the ''Yasna'''s texts are in Younger Avestan, which is not only from a later stage of the language, but also from a different geographic region. Extensions to the Yasna ceremony include the texts of the ''Vendidad'' and the ''Visperad''. The ''Visperad'' extensions consist mainly of addit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Battuta
Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Battutah (, ; 24 February 13041368/1369),; fully: ; Arabic: commonly known as Ibn Battuta, was a Berbers, Berber Maghrebi people, Maghrebi scholar and explorer who travelled extensively in the lands of Afro-Eurasia, largely in the Muslim world. He travelled more than any other explorer in pre-modern history, totalling around , surpassing Zheng He with about and Marco Polo with . Over a period of thirty years, Ibn Battuta visited most of southern Eurasia, including Central Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, China, and the Iberian Peninsula. Near the end of his life, he dictated an account of his journeys, titled ''A Gift to Those Who Contemplate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels of Travelling'', but commonly known as ''The Rihla''. Name Ibn Battuta is a patronymic literally meaning "son of the duckling". His most common full name is given as Kunya (Arabic), Abu Abdullah (name), Abdullah Muhammad (name), Muhammad ibn Battuta. In his travel literat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iran Standard Time
Iran Standard Time (IRST) or Iran Time (IT) is the time zone used in Iran. Iran uses a UTC offset UTC+03:30. IRST is defined by the 52.5 degrees east meridian, the same meridian which defines the Iranian calendar and is the official meridian of Iran. Between 2005 and 2008, by decree of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Iran did not observe daylight saving time (DST) (called ''Iran Daylight Time'' or ''IRDT''). It was reintroduced from 21 March 2008. On 21 September 2022, Iran abolished DST and now observes standard time year-round. Daylight Saving Time transitions The dates of DST transitions in Iran were based on the Solar Hijri calendar, the official calendar of Iran, which is in turn based on the March equinox (Nowruz) as determined by astronomical calculation at the meridian for Iran Standard Time (52.5°E or GMT+3.5h). This resulted in the unique situation wherein the dates of DST transitions didn't fall on the same weekday each year as they do in most other countries. DST st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nishapuri
Nishapuri or Nishaburi ( fa, نیشابوری) is a surname of Iranian origin. Notable people with the surname include: * Hakim al-Nishaburi, Persian scholar (933–1014) * Ghiyās od-Dīn Abul-Fatah Omār ibn Ibrāhīm Khayyām Nishābūrī (1048–1131), Persian poet, mathematician, philosopher and astronomer * Attar Neyshapuri Abū Ḥamīd bin Abū Bakr Ibrāhīm (c. 1145 – c. 1221; fa, ابو حامد بن ابوبکر ابراهیم), better known by his pen-names Farīd ud-Dīn () and ʿAṭṭār of Nishapur (, Attar means apothecary), was a PersianRitter, H. ..., pen name of Abū Ḥamīd bin Abū Bakr Ibrāhīm (c. 1145 – c. 1221), Persian poet, theoretician of Sufism, and hagiographer * Mirzá Áqá Buzurg-i-Nishapuri (1852–1869), Bahá'í martyr See also * Nishapur {{surname Surnames of Iranian origin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Local Councils Of Iran
The Islamic Councils ( fa, شوراهای اسلامی), formerly known as the Provincial Societies ( fa, انجمنهای ایالتی و ولایتی, anjoman-ha-ye ayalati va velayati) are local councils which are elected by public vote in all cities and villages throughout Iran. Council members in each city or village are elected by direct public vote to a 4-year term. dana.ir Retrieved 9 December 2019 According to article 7 of the , these local councils toget ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mayor
In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well as the means by which a mayor is elected or otherwise mandated. Depending on the system chosen, a mayor may be the chief executive officer of the municipal government, may simply chair a multi-member governing body with little or no independent power, or may play a solely ceremonial role. A mayor's duties and responsibilities may be to appoint and oversee municipal managers and employees, provide basic governmental services to constituents, and execute the laws and ordinances passed by a municipal governing body (or mandated by a state, territorial or national governing body). Options for selection of a mayor include direct election by the public, or selection by an elected governing council or board. The term ''mayor'' shares a linguistic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governorate
A governorate is an administrative division of a state. It is headed by a governor. As English-speaking nations tend to call regions administered by governors either State (administrative division), states or province, provinces, the term ''governorate'' is often used in translation from non-English-speaking administrations. The most common usage are as a translation of Persian language, Persian "Farmandari" or the Arabic language, Arabic ''Muhafazah''. It may also refer to the ''guberniya'' and ''Governor-General, general-gubernatorstvo'' of Russian Empire, Imperial Russia or the ''Governorates of the Spanish Empire, gobiernos'' of Spanish Empire, Imperial Spain. Arab countries The term governorate is widely used in Arab countries to describe an administrative unit. Some governorates combine more than one ''Muhafazah''; others closely follow traditional boundaries inherited from the Ottoman Empire's ''vilayet'' system. With the exception of Tunisia, all translations into the ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3rd Century
The 3rd century was the period from 201 ( CCI) to 300 (CCC) Anno Domini (AD) or Common Era (CE) in the Julian calendar.. In this century, the Roman Empire saw a crisis, starting with the assassination of the Roman Emperor Severus Alexander in 235, plunging the empire into a period of economic troubles, barbarian incursions, political upheavals, civil wars, and the split of the Roman Empire through the Gallic Empire in the west and the Palmyrene Empire in the east, which all together threatened to destroy the Roman Empire in its entirety, but the reconquests of the seceded territories by Emperor Aurelian and the stabilization period under Emperor Diocletian due to the administrative strengthening of the empire caused an end to the crisis by 284. This crisis would also mark the beginning of Late Antiquity. In Persia, the Parthian Empire was succeeded by the Sassanid Empire in 224 after Ardashir I defeated and killed Artabanus V during the Battle of Hormozdgan. The Sassan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central District (Nishapur County)
The Central District of Nishapur County ( fa, بخش مرکزی شهرستان نیشابور is a district (bakhsh) in Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 274,700, in 74,946 families. The district has one city: Nishapur. The district has five rural districts (''dehestan''): Binalud Rural District, Darbqazi Rural District, Fazl Rural District, Mazul Rural District, and Rivand Rural District Rivand Rural District ( fa, دهستان ريوند) is a rural district (''dehestan'') in the Central District of Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called P .... References Districts of Razavi Khorasan Province Nishapur County {{Nishapur-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bakhsh
A ( fa, بخش, also romanized as ) is a third-level administrative division of Iran. While sometimes translated as "county," it is more accurately translated as "district," similar to a township in the United States or a district of England. In Iran, the provinces (first-level divisions) (استان, ''ostān'') consist of several counties (second-level divisions) (شهرستان, ''shahrestān''), and the counties consist of one or more districts (third-level divisions) (بخش, ''bakhsh''). A district consists of a combination of cities (شهر ''shahr'') and rural districts (دهستان, ''dehestān'') (fourth-level divisions). The official governor of a district is called a ''bakhshdar'', the head of the ''bakhshdari'' office. Rural districts are a collection of villages and their surrounding lands. One of the cities of the county is named its capital. To better understand such subdivisions, the following table may be helpful. Below is the 2006 structure of Khash ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nishapur County
Nishapur County ( fa, شهرستان نیشابور, ''Šahrestâne Neyšhâbur''), or officially Romanized as Neyshabur County, is located in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. The capital of the county is Nishapur, the second largest city in the province and the third largest city in Eastern Iran. At the 2006 census, the county's population (including those portions of the county later split off to form Firuzeh County and Zeberkhan County) was 441,184, in 118,214 households. Retrieved 27 October 2022 At the 2016 census, the county's population was 451,780, in 142,545 households. Administrative divisions History Nishapur massacre by the Mongols The Nishapur massacre by the Mongols took place at Nishapur in April of 1221. The Mongol armies of Genghis Khan ''Chinggis Khaan'' ͡ʃʰiŋɡɪs xaːŋbr />Mongol script: ''Chinggis Qa(gh)an/ Chinggis Khagan'' , birth_name = Temüjin , successor = Tolui (as regent)Ögedei Khan , spouse = , issue = , house ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counties Of Iran
Iran's counties (''shahrestan'', fa, شهرستان, also romanized as ''šahrestân'') are administrative divisions of larger provinces (''ostan''). The word ''shahrestan'' comes from the Persian words ' ("city, town") and ' ("province, state"). "County," therefore, is a near equivalent to ''shahrestan''. Counties are divided into one or more districts ( ). A typical district includes both cities ( ) and rural districts ( ), which are groupings of adjacent villages. One city within the county serves as the capital of that county, generally in its Central District. Each county is governed by an office known as ''farmândâri'', which coordinates different public events and agencies and is headed by a ''farmândâr'', the governor of the county and the highest-ranking official in the division. Among the provinces of Iran, Fars has the highest number of ''shahrestans'' (37), while Qom has the fewest (3). In 2005 Iran had 324 ''shahrestans'', while in 2021 there were 467. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
