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Neoheterophrictus Madraspatanus
''Neoheterophrictus madraspatanus'' is a species of spider in the family Theraphosidae, found in India. Description Males vary in body length, ranging from 7 to 20 mm; the largest females are about 19 mm long. Both sexes are brownish in colour, lighter in smaller individuals and darker in larger ones. Males have special structures on the distal end of the tibia of their first legs, including on the ventral side a large curved projection (apophysis) whose apex is divided into three. Taxonomy First described by Frederic Henry Gravely in 1935 in the genus ''Plesiophrictus'', the species was transferred to the genus ''Neoheterophrictus'' by Rajesh V. Sanap and Zeeshan A. Mirza in 2013, based on the structure of the male tibial spur. Distribution The original specimens were found in the city of Madras Chennai (, ), formerly known as Madras ( the official name until 1996), is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost Indian state. The largest city of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederic Henry Gravely
Frederic Henry Gravely (7 December 1885 – 1965) was an eminent British arachnologist, entomologist, botanist, zoologist and student of archaeology, who conducted pioneering research and wrote extensively on various subjects during his tenure at the Indian Museum, Calcutta, and the Government Museum, Madras. Early life Gravely was born in 1885 in Wellingborough, Northamptonshire, England to Arthur Frederic Gravely and Margaret Hutchinson, the eldest of four children. The family were Quakers and although the father was a businessman, he was interested in natural history. His mother came from a farming family which also produced Sir Jonathan Hutchinson. At the age of nine he moved to a boarding school in Sheffield. He then studied at Ackworth and Bootham (both Quaker schools) before moving to Manchester University to study zoology.Aiyappan, A. (1951) Madras Government Museum Centenary Souvenir (1851-1951). pp. 39-50. Indian Museum, Calcutta Gravely graduated in 1906 and became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. The most recent rigorous estimate for the total number of species of eukaryotes is between 8 and 8.7 million. However, only about 14% of these had been described by 2011. All species (except viruses) are given a two-part name, a "binomial". The first part of a binomial is the genus to which the species belongs. The second part is called the specific name or the specific epithet (in botanical nomenclature, also sometimes i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spider
Spiders ( order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species diversity among all orders of organisms. Spiders are found worldwide on every continent except for Antarctica, and have become established in nearly every land habitat. , 50,356 spider species in 132 families have been recorded by taxonomists. However, there has been debate among scientists about how families should be classified, with over 20 different classifications proposed since 1900. Anatomically, spiders (as with all arachnids) differ from other arthropods in that the usual body segments are fused into two tagmata, the cephalothorax or prosoma, and the opisthosoma, or abdomen, and joined by a small, cylindrical pedicel, however, as there is currently neither paleontological nor embryological evidence that spiders ever had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theraphosidae
Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. , 1,040 species have been identified, with 156 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas". Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have setae known as urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes. Overview Like all arthropods, the tarantula is an invertebrate that relies on an exoskeleton for muscular support.Pomeroy, R. (2014, February 4). Pub. Real Clear Science, "Spiders, and Their Amazing Hydraulic Legs and Genitalia". Retrieved October 13, 2019, from https://www.realclearscience.com/blog/2013/02/spiders-their-amazing-hydraulic-legs-and-genitals.html. Like other Arachnida, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plesiophrictus
''Plesiophrictus'' is a genus of tarantulas that was first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1899. Species it contains eight species, found in Sri Lanka, India, and Micronesia: *''Plesiophrictus fabrei'' (Simon, 1892) – India *'' Plesiophrictus linteatus'' (Simon, 1891) – India *''Plesiophrictus meghalayaensis'' Tikader, 1977 – India *'' Plesiophrictus millardi'' Pocock, 1899 ( type) – India *''Plesiophrictus nilagiriensis'' Siliwal, Molur & Raven, 2007 – India *''Plesiophrictus senffti'' (Strand, 1907) – Micronesia *''Plesiophrictus sericeus'' Pocock, 1900 – India *''Plesiophrictus tenuipes'' Pocock, 1899 – Sri Lanka Formerly included: *''P. bhori'' Gravely, 1915 (Transferred to ''Heterophrictus'') *''P. blatteri'' Gravely, 1935 (Transferred to ''Heterophrictus'') *''P. collinus'' Pocock, 1899 (Transferred to ''Sahydroaraneus'') *''P. guangxiensis'' Yin & Tan, 2000 (Transferred to ''Chilobrachys'') *''P. madraspatanus'' Gravely, 1935 (Transferred to ''Neohet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neoheterophrictus
''Neoheterophrictus'' is a genus of tarantula in the family Theraphosidae. It comprises seven species, all found in India. Characteristics ''Neoheterophrictus'' is similar to ''Heterophrictus'' and ''Plesiophrictus'', however the females differ by having a different spermathecae structure, which have two receptacles with many lobes/termini at the end. Males are distinguished from ''Plesiophrictus'' by the absence of a tegular keel on the male palpal bulb. It occurs in the Western Ghats, India. Etymology The name is a combination of two words ''neo'' and ''heterophrictus'', ''neo'' in Latin meaning "new" and ''Heterophrictus'' being a genus name within the family Theraphosidae. Species , the World Spider Catalog recognized seven species. All are restricted to India. *'' Neoheterophrictus amboli'' Mirza & Sanap, 2014 *''Neoheterophrictus bhori'' (Gravely, 1915) *''Neoheterophrictus crurofulvus'' Siliwal, Gupta & Raven, 2012 *''Neoheterophrictus madraspatanus'' (Gravely, 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chennai
Chennai (, ), formerly known as Madras ( the official name until 1996), is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost Indian state. The largest city of the state in area and population, Chennai is located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. According to the 2011 Indian census, Chennai is the sixth-most populous city in the country and forms the fourth-most populous urban agglomeration. The Greater Chennai Corporation is the civic body responsible for the city; it is the oldest city corporation of India, established in 1688—the second oldest in the world after London. The city of Chennai is coterminous with Chennai district, which together with the adjoining suburbs constitutes the Chennai Metropolitan Area, the 36th-largest urban area in the world by population and one of the largest metropolitan economies of India. The traditional and de facto gateway of South India, Chennai is among the most-visited Indian cities by foreign tourists. It was ranked the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemic Fauna Of India
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can be also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or in scientific literature as an ''endemite''. For example '' Cytisus aeolicus'' is an endemite of the Italian flora. '' Adzharia renschi'' was once believed to be an endemite of the Caucasus, but it was later discovered to be a non-indigenous species from South America belonging to a different genus. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan distribution, having a global or widespread range. A rare alternative term for a species that is endemic is "precinctive", which applies to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spiders Of The Indian Subcontinent
Spiders ( order Araneae) are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species diversity among all orders of organisms. Spiders are found worldwide on every continent except for Antarctica, and have become established in nearly every land habitat. , 50,356 spider species in 132 families have been recorded by taxonomists. However, there has been debate among scientists about how families should be classified, with over 20 different classifications proposed since 1900. Anatomically, spiders (as with all arachnids) differ from other arthropods in that the usual body segments are fused into two tagmata, the cephalothorax or prosoma, and the opisthosoma, or abdomen, and joined by a small, cylindrical pedicel, however, as there is currently neither paleontological nor embryological evidence that spiders ever had a separa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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