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Nemat Abdullah Khair
Nemat Abdullah Mohamed Khair ( ar, نعمات عبدالله محمد خير; other transliterations: ''Neemat'', ''Nimat'', ''Abdallah''; born 1957) is a Sudanese judge of the Sudanese Supreme Court who became Chief Justice of Sudan (head of the Sudanese judiciary) on 10 October 2019. As such, under Article 29.(3) of the August 2019 Draft Constitutional Declaration, she is also the president of the Supreme Court of Sudan and is "responsible for administering the judicial authority before the Supreme Judicial Council." Khair is the first woman Chief Justice of Sudan. Childhood and education Khair is from al-Kamleen in Gezira, and obtained a BA in law from Cairo University. 2018–2019 Sudanese protests Khair participated in the 2018–2019 Sudanese protests, in a march by judges and in the sit-in in front of the Khartoum army headquarters, which was broken up in the 3 June Khartoum massacre. She had been perceived as an opponent of the al-Bashir government for several years ...
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Brackets
A bracket is either of two tall fore- or back-facing punctuation marks commonly used to isolate a segment of text or data from its surroundings. Typically deployed in symmetric pairs, an individual bracket may be identified as a 'left' or 'right' bracket or, alternatively, an "opening bracket" or "closing bracket", respectively, depending on the Writing system#Directionality, directionality of the context. Specific forms of the mark include parentheses (also called "rounded brackets"), square brackets, curly brackets (also called 'braces'), and angle brackets (also called 'chevrons'), as well as various less common pairs of symbols. As well as signifying the overall class of punctuation, the word "bracket" is commonly used to refer to a specific form of bracket, which varies from region to region. In most English-speaking countries, an unqualified word "bracket" refers to the parenthesis (round bracket); in the United States, the square bracket. Glossary of mathematical sym ...
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Umu Hawa Tejan-Jalloh
Haja Umu Hawa Tejan-Jalloh, GCOR (born April 16, 194 is a Sierra Leonean lawyer who was the first female Chief Justice of Sierra Leone from 2008 to 2015. Early life and background She was born on April 16, 194and grew up in the Sierra Leonean capital Freetown to Muslim parents from the Fula ethnic group, originally from Koinadugu District in the north part of Sierra Leone. Like her parents, Umu Hawa Tejan-Jalloh is also a Muslim, unlike her great grandmother on the maternal side who was a Methodist Christian hailed from Koya Chiefdom (then Koya Kingdom) in the Port Loko District. She is the older sister of Sierra Leonean diplomat Sulaiman Tejan-Jalloh. Jalloh's mother was the President of the Sierra Leone National Fullah Women’s Association for twenty six years; and her father served in the
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Tag El-Sir El-Hibir
Tag el-Sir el-Hibir (also: ''Taj'', ''El Sir'', ''Alsir'', ''El Hibir'', ''Alhibir'', born in 1948) is a Sudanese lawyer who became the Attorney-General of Sudan on 10 October 2019 during the 2019 Sudanese transition to democracy. Childhood and education El-Hibir was born in 1948 in Khilaila, a village north of Khartoum, to a family that runs local Islamic seminaries. He studied law at the University of Khartoum. Legal experience El-Hibir worked in the Attorney-General's Office, in the General Attorney Council and the Laws Committee. In the 1970s, el-Hibir was an assistant legal counsel. He helped the Law Commission of Sudan prepare Volume 4 of an updated compendium of Sudanese law. He worked in other lawyers' cabinets and then open his own office. El-Hibir was a member of an indictment council preparing a case in June 2019 against members of the previous government involved in the 1989 Sudanese coup d'état. Lawyers filed the case in May 2019, shortly after the 2019 Sudanese c ...
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Khartoum
Khartoum or Khartum ( ; ar, الخرطوم, Al-Khurṭūm, din, Kaartuɔ̈m) is the capital of Sudan. With a population of 5,274,321, its metropolitan area is the largest in Sudan. It is located at the confluence of the White Nile, flowing north from Lake Victoria, and the Blue Nile, flowing west from Lake Tana in Ethiopia. The place where the two Niles meet is known as ''al-Mogran'' or ''al-Muqran'' (; English: "The Confluence"). From there, the Nile continues north towards Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea. Divided by these two parts of the Nile, Khartoum is a tripartite metropolis with an estimated population of over five million people, consisting of Khartoum proper, and linked by bridges to Khartoum North ( ) and Omdurman ( ) to the west. Khartoum was founded in 1821 as part of Egypt, north of the ancient city of Soba. While the United Kingdom exerted power over Egypt, it left administration of the Sudan to it until Mahdist forces took over Khartoum. The British atte ...
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Ethiopia
Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east and northeast, Kenya to the south, South Sudan to the west, and Sudan to the northwest. Ethiopia has a total area of . As of 2022, it is home to around 113.5 million inhabitants, making it the 13th-most populous country in the world and the 2nd-most populous in Africa after Nigeria. The national capital and largest city, Addis Ababa, lies several kilometres west of the East African Rift that splits the country into the African and Somali tectonic plates. Anatomically modern humans emerged from modern-day Ethiopia and set out to the Near East and elsewhere in the Middle Paleolithic period. Southwestern Ethiopia has been proposed as a possible homeland of the Afroasiatic langua ...
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Meaza Ashenafi
Meaza Ashenafi (born 25 July 1964) is an Ethiopian lawyer. In November 2018, she was appointed by the Federal Parliamentary Assembly as President of the Federal Supreme Court of Ethiopia until her resignation on 17 January 2023.Paul Schemm (November 1, 2018)Women’s rights activist named to head Ethiopia’s Supreme Court''Washington Post''. Personal life and education Meaza was born in Asosa, Ethiopia. She attended both elementary and high school in Asosa and join Addis Ababa University Law department. She received a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) from Addis Ababa University and Master of Arts (M.A.) degree in international relations and gender studies from the University of Connecticut. She is married to Dr. Araya Asfaw, Professor of Physics at Addis Ababa University, and they have two daughters together. Career Meaza served as a Judge of the Federal Supreme Court of Ethiopia between 1989 and 1992. In 1993 she was appointed by the Ethiopian Constitution Commission as a legal ad ...
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Ghana
Ghana (; tw, Gaana, ee, Gana), officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa. It abuts the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south, sharing borders with Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, and Togo in the east.Jackson, John G. (2001) ''Introduction to African Civilizations'', Citadel Press, p. 201, . Ghana covers an area of , spanning diverse biomes that range from coastal savannas to tropical rainforests. With nearly 31 million inhabitants (according to 2021 census), Ghana is the List of African countries by population, second-most populous country in West Africa, after Nigeria. The capital and List of cities in Ghana, largest city is Accra; other major cities are Kumasi, Tamale, Ghana, Tamale, and Sekondi-Takoradi. The first permanent state in present-day Ghana was the Bono state of the 11th century. Numerous kingdoms and empires emerged over the centuries, of which the most powerful were the Kingdom of Dagbon in the north and ...
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Sophia Akuffo
Sophia Abena Boafoa Akuffo (born 20 December 1949) was the Chief Justice of Ghana from 2017 until 20 December 2019. Prior to that, she had already been a Judge in the Supreme Court of Ghana since 1995. Education The daughter of a Presbyterian minister, she had her secondary education at Wesley Girls' High School, Cape Coast and obtained her Bachelor of law degree from the University of Ghana. She furthered her education at the Ghana School of Law where she qualified as a barrister. Akuffo trained as a lawyer under Nana Akuffo-Addo. She has a Master's degree in Law from Harvard University in USA. Career Sophia Akuffo has been a member of the Governing Committee of the Commonwealth Judicial Education Institute, and the Chairperson of the Alternative Dispute Resolution Task Force for several years. In January 2006, she was elected as one of the first judges of the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights: she was initially elected for two years and was subsequently re- ...
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Zambia
Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central Africa, Central, Southern Africa, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the northeast, Malawi to the east, Mozambique to the southeast, Zimbabwe and Botswana to the south, Namibia to the southwest, and Angola to the west. The capital city of Zambia is Lusaka, located in the south-central part of Zambia. The nation's population of around 19.5 million is concentrated mainly around Lusaka in the south and the Copperbelt Province to the north, the core economic hubs of the country. Originally inhabited by Khoisan peoples, the region was affected by the Bantu expansion of the thirteenth century. Following the arrival of European exploration of Africa, European explorers in the eighteenth century, the British colonised the r ...
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Irene Mambilima
Irene Chirwa Mambilima (March 31, 1952 – June 20, 2021) was the Chief Justice of Zambia from 2015 until her death in 2021. She also served as Chairperson of the Electoral Commission of Zambia and presided over the 2006 and 2011 general elections and the January 2015 presidential by-election. She was part of several election observer missions including in Liberia, Kenya, Mozambique, and Seychelles. Her other international assignments included serving as Sessional Judge of the Supreme Court of The Gambia in 2003.  Mambilima sat on the International Board of the International Association of Women Judges (IAWJ) as a Director of the Africa Region. She was also a member of several professional associations including the Zambia Association of Women Judges, the Editorial Board Council of Law Reporting, the Child Fund (Zambia), Women in Law Southern Africa, and the Council of the Institution of Advanced Legal Education. Mambilima's appointment as Chief Justice was unanimously ra ...
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Lesotho
Lesotho ( ), officially the Kingdom of Lesotho, is a country landlocked country, landlocked as an Enclave and exclave, enclave in South Africa. It is situated in the Maloti Mountains and contains the Thabana Ntlenyana, highest mountains in Southern Africa. It has an area of over and has a population of about million. It was previously the British Crown colony of Basutoland, which declared independence from the United Kingdom on 4 October 1966. It is a fully sovereign state and is a member of the United Nations, the Commonwealth of Nations, the African Union, and the Southern African Development Community. The name ''Lesotho'' roughly translates to "land of the Sotho". History Basutoland Basutoland emerged as a single body politic, polity under King Moshoeshoe I in 1822. Moshoeshoe, a son of Mokhachane, a minor tribal chief, chief of the Bakoteli lineage, formed his own clan and became a chief around 1804. Between 1820 and 1823, he and his followers settled at the Buth ...
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Nthomeng Majara
Nthomeng Justina Majara (born 8 June 1963) is the former chief justice of Lesotho, from September 2014 to 11 September 2018, and the first woman to hold this office. Former Chief Justice Nthomeng Majara has been appointed as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Justice, Law and Parliamentary Affairs. She is the first woman to be appointed as Deputy Prime Minister and was also the first woman to be appointed Chief Justice in Lesotho. Early life Nthomeng Justina Majara was born on 8 June 1963 in Lesotho, and her mother tongue is Sesotho. She earned a bachelor's degree in law from the National University of Lesotho, graduating in 1992, and a master's degree in law from King's College London, graduating in 1997. Career Majara was appointed as the chief justice of Lesotho in September 2014, when she took over from Justice Tšeliso Monaphathi, who has been the acting chief justice since April 2013. When the High Court and Court of Appeal Registrar, Lesitsi Mokeke, was asked for more d ...
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