Negacyclic Convolution
In mathematics, negacyclic convolution is a convolution between two vectors ''a'' and ''b''. It is also called skew circular convolution Circular convolution, also known as cyclic convolution, is a special case of periodic convolution, which is the convolution of two periodic functions that have the same period. Periodic convolution arises, for example, in the context of the discre ... or wrapped convolution. It results from multiplication of a skew circulant matrix, generated by vector ''a'', with vector ''b''. See also * Circular convolution theorem Bilinear maps Functional analysis Image processing {{Mathanalysis-stub ...
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Convolution
In mathematics (in particular, functional analysis), convolution is a operation (mathematics), mathematical operation on two function (mathematics), functions ( and ) that produces a third function (f*g) that expresses how the shape of one is modified by the other. The term ''convolution'' refers to both the result function and to the process of computing it. It is defined as the integral of the product of the two functions after one is reflected about the y-axis and shifted. The choice of which function is reflected and shifted before the integral does not change the integral result (see #Properties, commutativity). The integral is evaluated for all values of shift, producing the convolution function. Some features of convolution are similar to cross-correlation: for real-valued functions, of a continuous or discrete variable, convolution (f*g) differs from cross-correlation (f \star g) only in that either or is reflected about the y-axis in convolution; thus it is a cross-c ...
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Circular Convolution
Circular convolution, also known as cyclic convolution, is a special case of periodic convolution, which is the convolution of two periodic functions that have the same period. Periodic convolution arises, for example, in the context of the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT). In particular, the DTFT of the product of two discrete sequences is the periodic convolution of the DTFTs of the individual sequences. And each DTFT is a periodic summation of a continuous Fourier transform function (see ). Although DTFTs are usually continuous functions of frequency, the concepts of periodic and circular convolution are also directly applicable to discrete sequences of data. In that context, circular convolution plays an important role in maximizing the efficiency of a certain kind of common filtering operation. Definitions The ''periodic convolution'' of two T-periodic functions, h_(t) and x_(t) can be defined as: :\int_^ h_(\tau)\cdot x_(t - \tau)\,d\tau,   where ''t''o is a ...
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Discrete Fourier Transform
In mathematics, the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) converts a finite sequence of equally-spaced samples of a function into a same-length sequence of equally-spaced samples of the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT), which is a complex-valued function of frequency. The interval at which the DTFT is sampled is the reciprocal of the duration of the input sequence. An inverse DFT is a Fourier series, using the DTFT samples as coefficients of complex sinusoids at the corresponding DTFT frequencies. It has the same sample-values as the original input sequence. The DFT is therefore said to be a frequency domain representation of the original input sequence. If the original sequence spans all the non-zero values of a function, its DTFT is continuous (and periodic), and the DFT provides discrete samples of one cycle. If the original sequence is one cycle of a periodic function, the DFT provides all the non-zero values of one DTFT cycle. The DFT is the most important discret ...
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Bilinear Maps
Bilinear may refer to: * Bilinear sampling (also called "bilinear filtering"), a method in computer graphics for choosing the color of a texture * Bilinear form, a type of mathematical function from a vector space to the underlying field * Bilinear interpolation, an extension of linear interpolation for interpolating functions of two variables on a rectilinear 2D grid * Bilinear map, a type of mathematical function between vector spaces * Bilinear transform, a method of transforming from the S to Z domain in control theory and signal processing * Bilinear transformation (other) Bilinear transformation may refer to: * Bilinear map or bilinear operator * Bilinear transform (signal processing), a type of conformal map used to switch between continuous-time and discrete-time representations * Möbius transformation (complex an ...

Functional Analysis
Functional analysis is a branch of mathematical analysis, the core of which is formed by the study of vector spaces endowed with some kind of limit-related structure (e.g. Inner product space#Definition, inner product, Norm (mathematics)#Definition, norm, Topological space#Definition, topology, etc.) and the linear transformation, linear functions defined on these spaces and respecting these structures in a suitable sense. The historical roots of functional analysis lie in the study of function space, spaces of functions and the formulation of properties of transformations of functions such as the Fourier transform as transformations defining continuous function, continuous, unitary operator, unitary etc. operators between function spaces. This point of view turned out to be particularly useful for the study of differential equations, differential and integral equations. The usage of the word ''functional (mathematics), functional'' as a noun goes back to the calculus of variati ...
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