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Myxotrichaceae
The Myxotrichaceae are a family of fungi in the Ascomycetes class, and has seven genera. Fungi in this family are mostly found in soil. Indoors, they can be found in paper substrates, damp drywall, and decomposing materials. They produce black, mesh-like, setose ascocarps with small, fusiform ascospores. '' Myxotrichum deflexum'' produces a pinkish-red diffusing pigment and may produce grey, black, and brown stains on paper surfaces. No reports of mycotoxin A mycotoxin (from the Greek μύκης , "fungus" and τοξίνη , "toxin") is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by organisms of kingdom Fungi and is capable of causing disease and death in both humans and other animals. The term 'mycotoxin' ...s, pathogenicity, or allergy are known. References Onygenales Ascomycota families {{Eurotiomycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pseudogymnoascus
''Pseudogymnoascus'' is a genus of fungi in the family Pseudeurotiaceae. History It was circumscribed by A. Raillo in 1929 for two species, ''P. roseus'' and ''P. vinaceus''. No type specimens were retained by Raillo. In 1972, Samson designated a neotype for ''P. roseus'', recognized three species (''P. roseus'' Raillo, ''P. bhattii'' Samson and ''P. caucasicus'' Cejp & Milko) and synonymized ''P. vinaceus'' with ''P. roseus''. In 1982, Müller described a fourth species, ''P. alpinus''. In 2006, Rice and Currah described two additional species, ''P. appendiculatus'' and ''P. verrucosus''. In 2013, ''Geomyces destructans'' the casual agent of bat white nose syndrome was transferred to this genus and is now referred to as ''P. destructans''. Since 2006, intensive cave sampling has identified numerous ''Pseudogymnoascus'' isolates that have yet to be described. Species Characteristics ''Pseudogymnoascus alpinus'' Müller ascospores are described as navicular-fusiform in shap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geomyces
''Geomyces'' is a genus of filamentous fungi in the family Myxotrichaceae. Members of the genus are widespread in distribution, especially in northern temperate regions. Known to be psychrotolerant and associated with Arctic permafrost soils,''National Geographic'': they are equally prevalent in the air of domestic dwellings, and children's sandpits. Species of ''Geomyces'' have previously been placed in the genus ''Chrysosporium''. Description This genus is characterized by short but distinct branched conidiophores that have chains of spores formed directly from the cells of the branches. Sometimes only the tips of the branches become spores. The spores (conidia) are 1-celled, and either white or yellow. The teleomorph of species in this genus, if they exist, are in '' Pseudogymnoascus'' or '' Gymnostellatospora''. ''Geomyces'' species are known to form ericoid mycorrhizae with the roots of alpine Ericales and other perennial hosts, helping these plants adapt to low-nutrient ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myxotrichum Deflexum
''Myxotrichum'' is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Myxotrichaceae The Myxotrichaceae are a family of fungi in the Ascomycetes class, and has seven genera. Fungi in this family are mostly found in soil. Indoors, they can be found in paper substrates, damp drywall, and decomposing materials. They produce black, m .... The species of this genus are found in Europe and Northern America. Species Species: * '' Myxotrichum aeruginosum'' * '' Myxotrichum albicans'' * '' Myxotrichum arcticum'' * '' Myxotrichum chartarum'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q10592943 Onygenales Eurotiomycetes genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oidiodendron
''Oidiodendron'' is a genus of fungi in the family Myxotrichaceae. It has 26 species. The genus was circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every polyg ... by Norwegian forester Håkon Robak in 1932, with ''Oidiodendron fuscum'' assigned as the type species. The species is now known as '' Oidiodendron tenuissimum''. Species *'' Oidiodendron ambiguum'' *'' Oidiodendron cereale'' *'' Oidiodendron chlamydosporicum'' *'' Oidiodendron echinulatum'' *'' Oidiodendron eucalypti'' *'' Oidiodendron fimicola'' *'' Oidiodendron flavum'' *'' Oidiodendron gracile'' *'' Oidiodendron griseum'' *'' Oidiodendron hughesii'' *'' Oidiodendron majus'' *'' Oidiodendron mellicola'' *'' Oidiodendron myxotrichoides'' *'' Oidiodendron periconioides'' *'' Oidiodendron pilicola'' *' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myxotrichum
''Myxotrichum'' is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Myxotrichaceae The Myxotrichaceae are a family of fungi in the Ascomycetes class, and has seven genera. Fungi in this family are mostly found in soil. Indoors, they can be found in paper substrates, damp drywall, and decomposing materials. They produce black, m .... The species of this genus are found in Europe and Northern America. Species Species: * '' Myxotrichum aeruginosum'' * '' Myxotrichum albicans'' * '' Myxotrichum arcticum'' * '' Myxotrichum chartarum'' References {{Taxonbar, from=Q10592943 Onygenales Eurotiomycetes genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biological Pigment
Biological pigments, also known simply as pigments or biochromes, are substances produced by living organisms that have a color resulting from selective color absorption. Biological pigments include plant pigments and flower pigments. Many biological structures, such as skin, eyes, feathers, fur and hair contain pigments such as melanin in specialized cells called chromatophores. In some species, pigments accrue over very long periods during an individual's lifespan. Pigment color differs from structural color in that it is the same for all viewing angles, whereas structural color is the result of selective reflection or iridescence, usually because of multilayer structures. For example, butterfly wings typically contain structural color, although many butterflies have cells that contain pigment as well. Biological pigments See conjugated systems for electron bond chemistry that causes these molecules to have pigment. * Heme/porphyrin-based: chlorophyll, bilirubin, hemocy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascospore
An ascus (; ) is the sexual spore-bearing cell produced in ascomycete fungi. Each ascus usually contains eight ascospores (or octad), produced by meiosis followed, in most species, by a mitotic cell division. However, asci in some genera or species can occur in numbers of one (e.g. ''Monosporascus cannonballus''), two, four, or multiples of four. In a few cases, the ascospores can bud off conidia that may fill the asci (e.g. ''Tympanis'') with hundreds of conidia, or the ascospores may fragment, e.g. some ''Cordyceps'', also filling the asci with smaller cells. Ascospores are nonmotile, usually single celled, but not infrequently may be coenocytic (lacking a septum), and in some cases coenocytic in multiple planes. Mitotic divisions within the developing spores populate each resulting cell in septate ascospores with nuclei. The term ocular chamber, or oculus, refers to the epiplasm (the portion of cytoplasm not used in ascospore formation) that is surrounded by the "bourrelet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascocarp
An ascocarp, or ascoma (), is the fruiting body ( sporocarp) of an ascomycete phylum fungus. It consists of very tightly interwoven hyphae and millions of embedded asci, each of which typically contains four to eight ascospores. Ascocarps are most commonly bowl-shaped (apothecia) but may take on a spherical or flask-like form that has a pore opening to release spores (perithecia) or no opening (cleistothecia). Classification The ascocarp is classified according to its placement (in ways not fundamental to the basic taxonomy). It is called ''epigeous'' if it grows above ground, as with the morels, while underground ascocarps, such as truffles, are termed ''hypogeous''. The structure enclosing the hymenium is divided into the types described below (apothecium, cleistothecium, etc.) and this character ''is'' important for the taxonomic classification of the fungus. Apothecia can be relatively large and fleshy, whereas the others are microscopic—about the size of flecks ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genera
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus '' Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. phylogenetic analysis should clearly demons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ascomycetes
Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The defining feature of this fungal group is the " ascus" (), a microscopic sexual structure in which nonmotile spores, called ascospores, are formed. However, some species of the Ascomycota are asexual, meaning that they do not have a sexual cycle and thus do not form asci or ascospores. Familiar examples of sac fungi include morels, truffles, brewers' and bakers' yeast, dead man's fingers, and cup fungi. The fungal symbionts in the majority of lichens (loosely termed "ascolichens") such as ''Cladonia'' belong to the Ascomycota. Ascomycota is a monophyletic group (it contains all descendants of one common ancestor). Previously placed in the Deuteromycota along with asexual species from other fungal taxa, asexual (or anamorphic) ascomycetes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
