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Mt Matavanu
Mt Matavanu is an active volcano on the island of Savai'i in Samoa. The volcano was formed during an eruption in 1905. Lava flows from the eruption covered a large area of land in the Gaga'emauga district, leading to the relocation of several villages. The name of the mountain refers to a valley (''vanu'') with an eye-shaped feature (''mata''). In November 2022 Matavanu was recognised by the International Union of Geological Sciences as an international Geological Heritage Site. 1905 - 1911 eruption The eruption began on 4 August 1905, with a new crater being formed nine miles to the east of Mata o le Afi, which had erupted in 1902. An expedition led by governor Wilhelm Solf observed flames shooting 400 feet into the sky at intervals of ten seconds along with lava flowing through the bush. An expedition to examine the crater found "a larger heap of stones about 300ft high, from the top of which, at intervals of about 10 seconds, masses of stone were being thrown up into the air ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samoa
Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa; sm, Sāmoa, and until 1997 known as Western Samoa, is a Polynesian island country consisting of two main islands ( Savai'i and Upolu); two smaller, inhabited islands ( Manono and Apolima); and several smaller, uninhabited islands, including the Aleipata Islands ( Nu'utele, Nu'ulua, Fanuatapu and Namua). Samoa is located west of American Samoa, northeast of Tonga (closest foreign country), northeast of Fiji, east of Wallis and Futuna, southeast of Tuvalu, south of Tokelau, southwest of Hawaii, and northwest of Niue. The capital city is Apia. The Lapita people discovered and settled the Samoan Islands around 3,500 years ago. They developed a Samoan language and Samoan cultural identity. Samoa is a unitary parliamentary democracy with 11 administrative divisions. It is a sovereign state and a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. Western Samoa was admitted to the United Nations on 15 December 1976. Because ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Union Of Geological Sciences
The International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) is an international non-governmental organization devoted to international cooperation in the field of geology. About The IUGS was founded in 1961 and is a Scientific Union member of the International Science Council (ISC), formerly the International Council for Science (ICSU), which it recognizes as the co-ordinating body for the international organization of science. Currently geologists from 121 countries (and regions) are represented in the IUGS. A broad range of scientific topics are covered by its commission, task groups, joint programmes and affiliated organizations. IUGS promotes and encourages the study of geological problems, especially those of worldwide significance, and supports and facilitates international and inter-disciplinary co-operation in the earth sciences. The Union's Secretariat is currently located at the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences in Beijing, China. Activities IUGS is a joint partner wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mata O Le Afi
Mata o le Afi ("Eye of the Fire" or "Source of the Fire") is an active volcano on the island of Savai'i in Samoa. It last erupted in 1902. 1902 eruption An eruption began on 30 October 1902. It was preceded by a series of thirteen earthquakes, which damaged stone churches at Safune and Sasina and destroyed the church at Paia. The inhabitants of these villages and of Aopo fled. On 8 November Dr Otto Tetens 450px , Otto Tetens (right) with Mataafa in Mulinuu, Samoa 1904 Otto Tetens (26 September 1865, Rendsburg, Kingdom of Prussia – 15 February 1945, Teplitz-Schönau) was a German natural scientist with an astronomy background. Life Tetens was ... examined the volcano, finding a crater a hundred yards across emitting smoke and rocks, with a second crater two miles to the north where the eruption had finished. The eruption had already begun to die down, and ceased around 17 November. References Mountains of Samoa Volcanoes of Samoa Savai'i {{Samoa-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wilhelm Solf
Wilhelm Heinrich Solf (5 October 1862 – 6 February 1936) was a German scholar, diplomat, jurist and statesman. Early life Solf was born into a wealthy and liberal family in Berlin. He attended secondary schools in Anklam, western Pomerania, and in Mannheim. He took up the study of Oriental languages, in particular Sanskrit, at universities in Berlin, Göttingen and Halle and earning a doctorate in philology in the winter of 1885. Under the supervision of the well-known Indologist Richard Pischel, Solf wrote an elementary grammar of Sanskrit. Solf then found a position at the library of the University of Kiel. While residing there, he was drafted into the Imperial Navy to serve his military obligation. However, he was deemed medically unfit for military service and discharged. Early diplomatic career Solf joined the German Foreign Office (Consular Service) on 12 December 1888 and was assigned to the Imperial German Consulate General in Calcutta on 1 January 1889. However, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saleaula
Sale'aula is a village on the central north coast of Savai'i island in Samoa and is the traditional center of the Gaga'emauga political district. Chief council meetings are held at Vaitu’utu’u malae in the village. The village has a population of 600. Volcanic eruptions Volcanic eruptions of Mt Matavanu (1905 - 1911) in central Savai'i swept northwards towards the coast and destroyed villages in its path. The lava flowed over of countryside to the sea and also destroyed another village Salago. The depth of the lava flow in some parts was 400 feet. A Catholic church and a meetinghouse of the LDS Church were also buried. Sale'aula land was covered by lava that reached other villages to the east including Mauga and Samalae'ulu. The colonial German administration acquired land on the main island Upolu and resettled villagers at Salamumu and Leauva'a. Today, those villagers are still part of the Gaga'emauga electoral district on Savai'i. Today, a few families hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lava Lake
Lava lakes are large volumes of molten lava, usually basaltic, contained in a volcanic vent, crater, or broad depression. The term is used to describe both lava lakes that are wholly or partly molten and those that are solidified (sometimes referred to as ''frozen lava lakes''). Formation Lava lakes can form in three ways: *from one or more vents in a crater that erupts enough lava to partially fill the crater; or *when lava pours into a crater or broad depression and partially fills the crater; or *atop a new vent that erupts lava continuously for a period of several weeks or more and slowly builds a crater progressively higher than the surrounding ground. Behaviors Lava lakes occur in a variety of volcanic systems, ranging from the basaltic Erta Ale lake in Ethiopia and the basaltic andesite volcano of Villarrica, Chile, to the unique phonolitic lava lake at Mt. Erebus, Antarctica. Lava lakes have been observed to exhibit a range of behaviours. A "constantly circul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upolu
Upolu is an island in Samoa, formed by a massive basaltic shield volcano which rises from the seafloor of the western Pacific Ocean. The island is long and in area, making it the second largest of the Samoan Islands by area. With approximately 145,000 inhabitants, it is by far the most populous of the Samoan Islands. Upolu is situated to the southeast of Savai'i, the "big island". Apia, the capital, is in the middle of the north coast, and Faleolo International Airport is at the western end of the island. The island has not had any historically recorded eruptions, although there is evidence of three lava flows, dating back only to between a few hundred and a few thousand years ago. In the Samoan branch of Polynesian mythology, Upolu was the first woman on the island. James Michener based his character Bloody Mary in ''Tales of the South Pacific'' (later a major character in the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical, '' South Pacific'') on the owner of Aggie Grey's Hotel on the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salamumu
Salamumu is a village on the south west coast of Upolu island in Samoa. The village has two settlements, Salamumu Uta (population 338) and Salamumu Tai (population 33). The village's name is derived from the words ''sala'' (fire) and ''mumu'' (punishment), and refers to its origin when people from Sale'aula were relocated to Upolu during the 1905—1911 eruption of Mt Matavanu. Although the village, area 13.11 km2, is geographically located on Upolu, the village is politically (and historically) part of the Gaga'emauga electoral district on the island of Savai'i. The people of Salamumu still have strong kinship cultural ties to their land on Savai'i. Le'auva'a is another settlement on Upolu island which was also relocated from Savai'i following the volcanic eruptions. Climate Salamumu has a tropical rainforest climate A tropical rainforest climate, humid tropical climate or equatorial climate is a tropical climate sub-type usually found within 10 to 15 degrees latitud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mauga
Mauga is a village in Savai'i island in Samoa. The village is in the Gaga'emauga 1 constituency, a sub-division of the larger Gaga'emauga district. The population is 162. The word ''mauga'' means ''mountain'' in the Samoan language. The settlement is built around the crater of a small volcano. Mauga is in the Gaga'emauga political district near the central north coast of the island. The large meeting houses of the village are situated in a circle facing each other around the rim of the crater which can be seen in high altitude photography. The main island road passes by the village which is situated about a 40-minute drive north west from Salelologa township and ferry terminal. To the southeast is Samalae'ulu village and to the west Saleaula where the main road cuts through large areas of black lava fields. The physical setting of Gaga'emauga I district contains no development along its 10 km coastline, unlike the rest of the island, due to the barren lava cliffs by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samalaeʻulu
Samalaeulu is a village on the northeast side of Savaii island in Samoa. The village is situated on the main island highway about a 40-minutes drive north west from Salelologa ferry terminal and township and is part of the electoral constituency (''Faipule District'') of Gaga'emauga 1. The population is 1054, making it one of the more populous villages in Savai'i. The villages name ''sa malae ulu'' means "this place used to be dominated by breadfruit trees". During the volcanic eruption of Mt Matavanu (1905 - 1911), lava flowed between Samalae'ulu and Saleaula Sale'aula is a village on the central north coast of Savai'i island in Samoa and is the traditional center of the Gaga'emauga political district. Chief council meetings are held at Vaitu’utu’u malae in the village. The village has a populati ... to the west, forcing villagers to move from the coast to its present inland location. References Populated places in Gaga'emauga {{Samoa-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
