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Monotropastrum Sciaphilum
''Monotropastrum'' is a small genus of myco-heterotrophy, myco-heterotrophic plants in the family Ericaceae. As currently circumscribed the group includes two species. Distribution The genus is found locally throughout much of southern and eastern Asia (Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Russia, Sikkim, Thailand, and Vietnam).Haining, Q., Wallace, G.D. 2005. ''Monotropastrum''. In ''Flora of China'' Vol. 14 (Apiaceae through Ericaceae). Eds. Wu, Z. Y., Raven, P.H., Hong, D.Y. Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. http://www.efloras.org/volume_page.aspx?volume_id=2014&flora_id=2 Taxonomy Based on morphological and molecular analyses, ''Monotropastrum'' has been placed in the Ericaceae subfamily Monotropoideae, and the tribe Monotropeae.Kron, K.A., Judd, W.S., Stevens, P.F., Crayn, D.M., Anderberg, A.A., Gadek, P.A., Quinn, C.J., Luteyn, J.L. 2002. Phylogenetic classification of Ericaceae: molecular and morphologic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotropastrum Humile
''Monotropastrum humile'' is a species of myco-heterotrophic plant of the family Ericaceae, distributed throughout eastern Asia, from the Himalayas to the Islands of Japan. It lacks chlorophyll and is therefore unable to perform photosynthesis as most plants do; instead it gains sugars and nutrients from mycorrhizal A mycorrhiza (from Greek μύκης ', "fungus", and ῥίζα ', "root"; pl. mycorrhizae, mycorrhiza or mycorrhizas) is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant. The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungus in the plan ... fungi. References Monotropoideae {{Ericaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heinrich Andres
Heinrich Andres (5 May 1883, Bengel – 11 August 1970, Bonn) was a German educator and botanist known for his investigations of Rhineland flora. Up until 1910 he was a schoolteacher in the town of Hetzhof, afterwards teaching classes in Bonn. He was the taxonomic authority of the genera '' Monotropastrum'' and ''Monotropanthum'' as well as of numerous species within the plant family Ericaceae. In 1967 Hermann Otto Sleumer dedicated the genus ''Andresia'' in his honor. Selected works * ''Die Pirolaceen des rheinischen Schiefergebirges'', 1906 – Pirolaceae of the Rhenish Massif. * ''Flora von Eifel und Hunsrück'', 1911 – Flora of Eifel and Hunsrück. * ''Flora des mittelrheinischen Berglandes und der eingeschlossenen Flusstäler'', 1920 – Flora of the mid-Rhine mountain country and associated enclosed river valleys . * ''Die Pflanzenwelt unserer Heimat: kurze Anleitung zum Bestimmen der höheren Pflanzen (Blütenpflanzen und Farne)'', 1925 – Flora of our country: a bri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Myco-heterotrophy
Myco-heterotrophy (from Ancient Greek, Greek μύκης , "fungus", ἕτερος ', "another", "different" and τροφή ', "nutrition") is a symbiosis, symbiotic relationship between certain kinds of plants and fungi, in which the plant gets all or part of its food from parasitism upon fungi rather than from photosynthesis. A myco-heterotroph is the parasitic plant partner in this relationship. Myco-heterotrophy is considered a kind of Cheating (biology), cheating relationship and myco-heterotrophs are sometimes informally referred to as "mycorrhizal cheaters". This relationship is sometimes referred to as mycotrophy, though this term is also used for plants that engage in Mutualism (biology), mutualistic mycorrhizal relationships. Relationship between myco-heterotrophs and host fungi Full (or obligate) myco-heterotrophy exists when a non-photosynthetic plant (a plant largely lacking in chlorophyll or otherwise lacking a functional photosystem) gets all of its food from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ericaceae
The Ericaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with c.4250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most species-rich family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (''Erica'', ''Cassiope'', ''Daboecia'', and ''Calluna'' for example). Description The Ericaceae contain a morphologically diverse range of taxa, including herbs, dwarf shrubs, shrubs, and trees. Their leaves are usually evergreen, alternate or whorled, simple and without stipules. Their flowers are hermaphrodite and show considerable variability. The petals are often fused (sympetalous) with shapes ranging from narrowly tubular to funnelform or widely urn-shaped. The corollas are usually ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotropastrum Sciaphilum
''Monotropastrum'' is a small genus of myco-heterotrophy, myco-heterotrophic plants in the family Ericaceae. As currently circumscribed the group includes two species. Distribution The genus is found locally throughout much of southern and eastern Asia (Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Russia, Sikkim, Thailand, and Vietnam).Haining, Q., Wallace, G.D. 2005. ''Monotropastrum''. In ''Flora of China'' Vol. 14 (Apiaceae through Ericaceae). Eds. Wu, Z. Y., Raven, P.H., Hong, D.Y. Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. http://www.efloras.org/volume_page.aspx?volume_id=2014&flora_id=2 Taxonomy Based on morphological and molecular analyses, ''Monotropastrum'' has been placed in the Ericaceae subfamily Monotropoideae, and the tribe Monotropeae.Kron, K.A., Judd, W.S., Stevens, P.F., Crayn, D.M., Anderberg, A.A., Gadek, P.A., Quinn, C.J., Luteyn, J.L. 2002. Phylogenetic classification of Ericaceae: molecular and morphologic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotropoideae
Monotropoideae, sometimes referred to as monotropes, are a flowering plant subfamily in the family Ericaceae. Members of this subfamily are notable for their mycoheterotrophic and non-photosynthesizing or achlorophyllous characteristics. Description The overall morphology of these plants is highly reduced compared to other members of the Ericaceae, which are practically all subshrubs, shrubs, or trees. By contrast, the Monotropoideae are all herbaceous perennials, in which an annual shoot reemerges seasonally (in spring or early summer, depending on climate) from a perennial root. The shoot can be characterized as a single inflorescence or cluster of inflorescences, and is generally a raceme with one to many flowers per axis, though occasionally the raceme may be so reduced as to appear similar to a spike, and in ''Monotropa'', the inflorescence can take the form of a solitary flower. Notably, the shoots are achlorophyllous, in keeping with the mycoheterotrophic and non-photosynth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
