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Matvey Ivanovich Muravyev
Matvey Ivanovich Muravyev (russian: Матвей Иванович Муравьёв; March 24, 1784 – September 27, 1836) was a Russian explorer and officer of the Russian Imperial Navy. In 1820 he was appointed by the Russian-American Company as Chief Manager, based in present-day Alaska and responsible for the company's colonization and trading efforts. Career Muravyev was a graduate of the Sea Cadet Corps.Pierce, Richard A. ''Russian America: A Biographical Dictionary.'' Kingston, Canada: The Limestone Press. 1990, pp. 368-371. Eventually he gained a commission as Lt. Commander on 12 October 1820 in the Imperial Russian Navy. In the same year he was appointed to direct the Russian-American Company, based in present-day Alaska, as Chief Manager, effectively governor of the Russian colonies there. Judged to be "an able administrator in a difficult time", Muravyev oversaw a growth of company operations. The Sitka Tlingit were allowed to return to their traditional residential are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luga, Leningrad Oblast
Luga (russian: Лу́га; Finnish: ''Ylä-Laukaa'' or ''Laukaa''; vot, Laugaz; et, Luuga) is a town and the administrative center of Luzhsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located on the Luga River south of St. Petersburg. Population: History It was founded on the banks of the river of that name by order of the Catherine the Great on August 3 (14), 1777. The town developed in following stages: #Initial construction (1777–c. 1800) #Early growth to population of 3,000 (c. 1810–c. 1860) #Intense social and urban development (c. 1870–1910) #Soviet development according to the typical plan for smaller towns (1926–c. 1950) #Reconstruction of the historical town structure (c. 1960–c. 1995) #Transition to free market agro-industrial town (c. 1995–2005) Luga was founded as a town in Pskov Viceroyalty, but in March 3 (14), 1782 it was transferred to St. Petersburg Governorate (renamed Petrogra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arvid Adolf Etholén
Arvid Adolf Etholén, or Adolf Karlovich Etolin (russian: Адольф Карлович Этолин; 9 January 1799, Helsinki – 29 March 1876, Elimäki) was a Imperial Russian Navy, naval officer, explorer and Business administration, administrator in the Russian Empire who was employed by the Russian-American Company from July 1818. He was a Swedish-speaking Finn, born in Helsinki in Finland under Swedish rule, Swedish Finland. Etholén first reached Novoarkhangelsk (present-day Sitka, Alaska) in Russian America in the service of the Russian-American Company in 1818, rising to become Chief Manager of the Company between 1840 and 1845. ("Chief Manager" was a position sometimes referred to, though incorrectly, as "Governor"). Career Etholén traveled from Russia to Russian America with Vasily Golovnin in the course of Golovnin's round-the-world voyage (1817-1819) on the Russian frigate Kamchatka, ''Kamchatka''. 's ''Baranov, Chief Manager of the Russian Colonies in America'' (1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Explorers From The Russian Empire
Exploration refers to the historical practice of discovering remote lands. It is studied by geographers and historians. Two major eras of exploration occurred in human history: one of convergence, and one of divergence. The first, covering most of ''Human, Homo sapiens'' history, saw humans Recent African origin of modern humans, moving out of Africa, settling in new lands, and developing distinct cultures in relative isolation. Early explorers settled in Europe and Asia; 14,000 years ago, some crossed the Settlement of the Americas, Ice Age land bridge from Siberia to Alaska, and moved southbound to settle in the Americas. For the most part, these cultures were ignorant of each other's existence. The second period of exploration, occurring over the last 10,000 years, saw increased cross-cultural exchange through trade and exploration, and marked a new era of cultural intermingling, and more recently, convergence. Early writings about exploration date back to the 4th millennium B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century People From The Russian Empire
The 19th (nineteenth) century began on 1 January 1801 ( MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 ( MCM). The 19th century was the ninth century of the 2nd millennium. The 19th century was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanding beyond its British homeland for the first time during this century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Islamic gunpowder empires fell into decline and European imperialism brought much of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and almost all of Africa under colonial rule. It was also marked by the collapse of the large S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governors Of The Russian-American Company
A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political region or polity, a ''governor'' may be either appointed or elected, and the governor's powers can vary significantly, depending on the public laws in place locally. The adjective pertaining to a governor is gubernatorial, from the Latin root ''gubernare''. Ancient empires Pre-Roman empires Though the legal and administrative framework of provinces, each administrated by a governor, was created by the Romans, the term ''governor'' has been a convenient term for historians to describe similar systems in antiquity. Indeed, many regions of the pre-Roman antiquity were ultimately replaced by Roman 'standardized' provincial governments after their conquest by Rome. Plato used the metaphor of turning the Ship of State with a rudder; the Latin w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1836 Deaths
Events January–March * January 1 – Queen Maria II of Portugal marries Ferdinand II of Portugal, Prince Ferdinand Augustus Francis Anthony of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. * January 5 – Davy Crockett arrives in Texas. * January 12 ** , with Charles Darwin on board, reaches Sydney. ** Will County, Illinois, is formed. * February 8 – London and Greenwich Railway opens its first section, the first railway in London, England. * February 16 – A fire at the Lahaman Theatre in Saint Petersburg kills 126 people."Fires, Great", in ''The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance'', Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p76 * February 23 – Texas Revolution: The Battle of the Alamo begins, with an American settler army surrounded by the Mexican Army, under Antonio López de Santa Anna, Santa Anna. * February 25 – Samuel Colt receives a United States patent for the Colt Firearms, Colt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1784 Births
Events January–March * January 6 – Treaty of Constantinople: The Ottoman Empire agrees to Russia's annexation of the Crimea. * January 14 – The Congress of the United States ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Great Britain to end the American Revolution, with the signature of President of Congress Thomas Mifflin.''Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History from 458 A. D. to 1909'', ed. by Benson John Lossing and, Woodrow Wilson (Harper & Brothers, 1910) p167 * January 15 – Henry Cavendish's paper to the Royal Society of London, ''Experiments on Air'', reveals the composition of water. * February 24 – The Captivity of Mangalorean Catholics at Seringapatam begins. * February 28 – John Wesley ordains ministers for the Methodist Church in the United States. * March 1 – The Confederation Congress accepts Virginia's cession of all rights to the Northwest Territory and to Kentucky. * March 22 – The Emerald Buddha is install ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Semyon Ivanovich Yanovsky
Semyon Ivanovich Yanovsky (russian: Семён Иванович Яновский; April 15, 1788 – January 6, 1876) was a Russian naval officer who was appointed in late 1818 as Chief Manager of the Russian-American Company, serving into 1820. He had traveled to Kodiak Island with his commanding officer, Ludwig von Hagemeister, who appointed him to the post. The Russian-American Company conducted trading and colonization based in present-day Alaska. Yanovsky was replaced in 1820 by Matvey Ivanovich Muravyev, who had been selected by the Board of the RAC. Weeks after the naval party reached Kodiak Island in 1817, Yanovsky married Irina Baranova, daughter of Alexander Andreyevich Baranov, the Chief Manager of the RAC since 1799. She was half- Aleut. Career Yanovsky, a member of the aristocracy, attended the St. Petersburg Naval Institute to train as an officer. After graduating, he was recruited to the service of the Russian-American Company (RAC) in 1816, which drew from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyotr Yegorovich Chistyakov
Pyotr Yegorovich Chistyakov (russian: Пётр Егорович Чистяков, 1792 – 21 January 1862) was a Russian explorer, chief manager of the Russian-American Company and admiral. Chistyakov joined the Sea Cadet Corps in 1802 and later served in the Russo-Turkish War (1806–12).Pierce, Richard A. ''Russian America: A Biographical Dictionary.'' Kingston, Canada: The Limestone Press. 1990, p. 89. He was appointed as the administrator of the Russian-American Company in 1825. He "was a hard-working, poor but honest man" who "lacked the vision for Alaska", was nonetheless "able administrator who followed the letter of the law..."Black, Lydia T. ''Russians in Alaska, 1732-1867.'' Fairbanks, AK: University of Alaska Press. 2004, pp. 196-198. Chistiakov introduced foxes to the Rat and Andreanof Islands, where Aleuts harvested them seasonally for the company. He advised the company board to begin whaling operations under an experienced whaler, a measure later enacted under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yerba Buena, California
Yerba Buena was the original name of the settlement that later became San Francisco. Located near the northeastern end of the San Francisco Peninsula, between the Presidio of San Francisco and the Mission San Francisco de Asís, it was originally intended as a trading post for ships visiting San Francisco Bay. The settlement was arranged in the Spanish style around a plaza that remains as the present day Portsmouth Square. Name The name of the town was taken from the yerba buena (''Clinopodium douglasii'') plant, a native herb of the West Coast of North America and abundant in the region surrounding San Francisco Bay. Franciscan missionary Pedro Font, accompanying the Juan Bautista de Anza expedition of 1775–76, applied the Spanish name to the common native herb he found abundant in the landscape. The plant's common name, yerba buena, the same in English and Spanish, is an alternate form of the Spanish ''hierba buena'' (meaning "good herb"). The earliest report of the use of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Hawaii
The Hawaiian Kingdom, or Kingdom of Hawaiʻi ( Hawaiian: ''Ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻĀina''), was a sovereign state located in the Hawaiian Islands. The country was formed in 1795, when the warrior chief Kamehameha the Great, of the independent island of Hawaiʻi, conquered the independent islands of Oʻahu, Maui, Molokaʻi and Lānaʻi and unified them under one government. In 1810, the whole Hawaiian archipelago became unified when Kauaʻi and Niʻihau joined the Hawaiian Kingdom voluntarily. Two major dynastic families ruled the kingdom: the House of Kamehameha and the House of Kalākaua. The kingdom won recognition from the major European powers. The United States became its chief trading partner and watched over it to prevent other powers (such as Britain and Japan) from asserting hegemony. In 1887 King Kalākaua was forced to accept a new constitution in a coup by the Honolulu Rifles, an anti-monarchist militia. Queen Liliʻuokalani, who succeeded Kalākaua in 1891, trie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian America
Russian America (russian: Русская Америка, Russkaya Amerika) was the name for the Russian Empire's colonial possessions in North America from 1799 to 1867. It consisted mostly of present-day Alaska in the United States, but also included small outposts in California, including Fort Ross, and three forts in Hawaii, including Russian Fort Elizabeth. Russian Creole settlements were concentrated in Alaska, including the capital, Novo-Arkhangelsk (''New Arkhangelsk''), which is now Sitka. After first landing in Alaska in 1741, Vitus Bering claimed the Alaskan country for the Russian Empire. Russia later confirmed its rule over the territory with the ''Ukase'' of 1799 which established the southern border of Russian America along the 55th parallel north.United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland''Text of Ukase of 1779''in ''Behring sea arbitration'' (London: Harrison and Sons, 1893), pp. 25-27 The decree also provided monopolistic privileges to the state-sponsor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
