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Matthias Calonius
Matthias Calonius (January 7, 1738 – September 13, 1817) was Finland's most renowned jurist. Born in Saarijärvi as a pastor's son, he studied at the Royal Academy of Turku. He went on to become a lecturer and then (in 1773) full professor at the Faculty of Law there, despite being too poor and lacking in family connections to ever obtain an academic title. He was also a member of the Supreme Court of Sweden in Stockholm and, after the Finnish War and Diet of Porvoo, ''procurator'' (chancellor of justice) with the Senate of the Grand Duchy of Finland. Calonius's influence is mainly due to his lectures on civil law, handed down among students in the 19th century and first published in 1908 as ''Praelectiones in Jurisprudentiam Civilem''. Characteristically for his period, he was an advocate of natural law as a transportive justification of contemporary law. He was a member of the Aurora Society, the Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences, the Royal Patriotic Society, and Pro Fid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Matthias Calonius By Pasch
Matthias is a name derived from the Greek Ματθαίος, in origin similar to Matthew. People Notable people named Matthias include the following: In religion: * Saint Matthias, chosen as an apostle in Acts 1:21–26 to replace Judas Iscariot * Matthias of Trakai (–1453), Lithuanian clergyman, bishop of Samogitia and of Vilnius * Matthias Flacius, Lutheran reformer * Matthias the Prophet, see Robert Matthews (religious impostor) Claimed to be the reincarnation of the original Matthias during the Second Great Awakening * Matthias F. Cowley, Latter-day Saint apostle In the arts: * Matthias Grünewald, highly regarded painter from the German Renaissance * Matthías Jochumsson, Icelandic poet * Matthias Lechner, German film art director * Matthias Paul (actor), German actor * Matthias Schoenaerts, Belgian actor In nobility: * Matthias Corvinus of Hungary, King of Hungary * Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (Habsburg dynasty) In music: * Matthia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natural Law
Natural law ( la, ius naturale, ''lex naturalis'') is a system of law based on a close observation of human nature, and based on values intrinsic to human nature that can be deduced and applied independently of positive law (the express enacted laws of a state or society). According to natural law theory (called jusnaturalism), all people have inherent rights, conferred not by act of legislation but by "God, nature, or reason." Natural law theory can also refer to "theories of ethics, theories of politics, theories of civil law, and theories of religious morality." In the Western tradition, it was anticipated by the pre-Socratics, for example in their search for principles that governed the cosmos and human beings. The concept of natural law was documented in ancient Greek philosophy, including Aristotle, and was referred to in ancient Roman philosophy by Cicero. References to it are also to be found in the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, and were later expou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justices Of The Supreme Court Of Sweden
A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a panel of judges. A judge hears all the witnesses and any other evidence presented by the barristers or solicitors of the case, assesses the credibility and arguments of the parties, and then issues a ruling in the case based on their interpretation of the law and their own personal judgment. A judge is expected to conduct the trial impartially and, typically, in an open court. The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. In some jurisdictions, the judge's powers may be shared with a jury. In inquisitorial systems of criminal investigation, a judge might also be an examining magistrate. The presiding judge ensures that all court proceedings are lawful and orderly. Powers and functions The ultimate task of a judge is to settle a legal dispute in a final and publicly lawful manner in agreement with substantial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Finnish Jurists
Finnish may refer to: * Something or someone from, or related to Finland * Culture of Finland * Finnish people or Finns, the primary ethnic group in Finland * Finnish language Finnish ( endonym: or ) is a Uralic language of the Finnic branch, spoken by the majority of the population in Finland and by ethnic Finns outside of Finland. Finnish is one of the two official languages of Finland (the other being Swedis ..., the national language of the Finnish people * Finnish cuisine See also * Finish (other) * Finland (other) * Suomi (other) * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People From Saarijärvi
A person ( : people) is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility. The defining features of personhood and, consequently, what makes a person count as a person, differ widely among cultures and contexts. In addition to the question of personhood, of what makes a being count as a person to begin with, there are further questions about personal identity and self: both about what makes any particular person that particular person instead of another, and about what makes a person at one time the same person as they were or will be at another time despite any intervening changes. The plural form "people" is often used to refer to an entire nation or ethnic group (as in "a people"), and this was the original meaning of the word; it subsequently acquired its use as a plural form of per ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1817 Deaths
Events January–March * January 1 – Sailing through the Sandwich Islands, Otto von Kotzebue discovers New Year Island. * January 19 – An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, starts crossing the Andes from Argentina, to liberate Chile and then Peru. * January 20 – Ram Mohan Roy and David Hare found Hindu College, Calcutta, offering instructions in Western languages and subjects. * February 12 – Battle of Chacabuco: The Argentine–Chilean patriotic army defeats the Spanish. * March 3 ** President James Madison vetoes John C. Calhoun's Bonus Bill. ** The U.S. Congress passes a law to split the Mississippi Territory, after Mississippi drafts a constitution, creating the Alabama Territory, effective in August. * March 4 – James Monroe is sworn in as the fifth President of the United States. * March 21 – The flag of the Pernambucan Revolt is publicly blessed by the dean of Recife Cathedral, Brazil. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1738 Births
Events January–March * January 1 – At least 664 African slaves drown, when the Dutch West Indies Company slave ship ''Leusden'' capsizes and sinks in the Maroni River, during its arrival in Surinam. The Dutch crew escapes, and leaves the slaves locked below decks to die. * January 3 – George Frideric Handel's opera ''Faramondo'' is given its first performance. * January 7 – After the Maratha Empire of India wins the Battle of Bhopal over the Jaipur State, Jaipur cedes the Malwa territory to the Maratha in a treaty signed at Doraha. * February 4 – Court Jew Joseph Süß Oppenheimer is executed in Württemberg. * February 11 – Jacques de Vaucanson stages the first demonstration of an early automaton, ''The Flute Player'' at the Hotel de Longueville in Paris, and continues to display it until March 30. * February 20 – Swedish Levant Company founded. * March 28 – Mariner Robert Jenkins presents a pickled ear, which he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Svenskt Biografiskt Lexikon
''Svenskt biografiskt lexikon'' () is a Swedish biographical dictionary, started in 1917. The first volume, covering names ''Abelin'' to ''Anjou'', was published in 1918. As of 2017, names from A to S are covered. Volumes # ABELIN – ANJOU (1918) # ANKARCRONA – BECKER (1920) # BECK – FRIIS – BERNDES (1922) # BERNDES – BLOCK (1924) # BLOM – BRANNIUS (1925) # BRANT – BYGDÉN (1926) # BÜLOW – CEDERGREN (1927) # CEDERHIELM – CORNELIUS (1929) # CORNELL – DAL (1931) # DíALBEDYHLL – DE LA GARDIE (1931) # DE LA GRANGE – EBERSKÖLD (1945) # EBERSTEIN – EKMAN (1949) # EKMAN – ENWALL (1950) # ENVALLSSON – FAHLBECK (1953) # FAHLBERG – FEUK (1956) # FICH – GEHLIN (1964–1966) # GEIJER – HALL (1967–1969) # HALLARDT – HEURGREN (1969–1971) # HEURLIN – INGE (1971–1973) # INGEBORG – KATARINA (1973–75) # KATARINA – KÖNIGSMARCK (1975–77) # KÖNIGSMARCK – LILJA (1977–79) # LILJEBLAD – LJUNGBERGER (1980–1981) # LJUNGDAHL – MALMROS (19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pro Fide Et Christianismo
(full name , ) is a Christian association within the Church of Sweden. The organization was an "informal or semi-official national school board" prior to the founding of Sweden's public education system and made a significant impact on Sweden's early education system. History Based on the model of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, the society was founded on 27 March 1771 on the initiative of (1727–1786), a priest in service to the royal court (). After a nine-year position as pastor of Gloria Dei Church in Philadelphia, in which he had "been preparing the way for Methodism in Philadelphia" and contact with Methodist John Wesley, he felt the necessity to found an organization to " ropagatepractical religion", with a promise of support from Wesley. Its motto was "A society, which with utmost diligence should promote the growth and spread of Christianity in the Kingdom of Sweden". The society, with its Pietist influence, was to serve as a platform for the spread o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Patriotic Society
The Royal Patriotic Society ( sv, Kungliga Patriotiska Sällskapet) is a Swedish royal society founded in 1772 in Stockholm, Sweden, by royal charter of King Gustav III of Sweden, with the aim of improving Sweden's economy, particularly agriculture, mining and the textile industry The textile industry is primarily concerned with the design, production and distribution of yarn, cloth and clothing. The raw material may be natural, or synthetic using products of the chemical industry. Industry process Cotton manufacturi .... The Swedish Royal Patriotic Society awards medals such as ''Medalj för bevarande av svenskt kulturarv'' (Eng. ”Medal for preservation of Swedish cultural heritage”), ''Medalj För betydande gärning'' (Eng. ”Medal for significant deed”), formerly named ''Medalj för långvarig gagnande verksamhet'' (Eng. ”Medal for long-term beneficial activity”), and ''Medalj för gagnerik gärning inom svenskt näringsliv'' (Eng. ”Medal for a useful deed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Swedish Academy Of War Sciences
The Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences ( sv, Kungliga Krigsvetenskapsakademien) is one of the Royal Academies in Sweden and was founded on 12 November 1796 by Gustaf Wilhelm af Tibell. The academy is an independent organization and a forum for military (army and air force) and defense studies as well as national security issues. Membership is limited to 160 chairs under the age of 62. Presidents *1799–1800: Per Ulrik Lilliehorn *????–????: ? *1805–1806: Salomon von Rajalin *1815–????: Anders Fredrik Skjöldebrand *????–????: ? *1904–1906: Richard Berg *????–????: ? *????–????: Gustaf Uggla *????–????: Herman Wrangel *1922–1923: Hugo Jungstedt *????–????: Gustaf Dyrssen *1927–1929: Henning von Krusenstierna *1929–1931: Bror Munck *1931–1933: Carl Gustaf Hammarskjöld *1933–1935: Carl Fredrik Riben *1935–1937: Ludvig Hammarskiöld *1937–1939: Oscar Nygren *1939–1941: Otto Lybeck *1941–1943: Lennart Lilliehöök *1943–1945: Erik Testrup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aurora Society
Aurora Society was a secret society and a national Finnish literary society at the Royal Academy of Turku from 1770 to 1779. The Society consisted of many prominent members of the Finnish cultural sphere and had as its focal points poetry, Finnish history, geography and the research of language and economy. The Society published Finland's first newspaper, ''Åbo Tidningar (Tidningar Utgifne Af et Sällskap i Åbo)'', between the years 1771 to 1778, and 1782 to 1785. Furthermore, the first public orchestra concerts in Finland were also organized by the Aurora Society. The society was a typical product of the Enlightenment period: a secret society on one hand and a cultural and educational organization on the other Members *Henrik Gabriel Porthan * Johan Lilius * Abraham Niklas Edelcrantz * Matthias Calonius *Carl Fredrik Fredenheim * Magnus Jacob Alopaeus See also * Secret society References Media moves,thisisFINLAND*Musical life in Finland in the 17th and 18th centuries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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