Malacoctenus Costaricanus
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Malacoctenus Costaricanus
''Malacoctenus costaricanus'' is a species of labrisomid blenny only known from the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and El Salvador El Salvador (; , meaning " The Saviour"), officially the Republic of El Salvador ( es, República de El Salvador), is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south b .... References costaricanus Western Central American coastal fauna Fish described in 1959 Taxa named by Victor G. Springer {{Labrisomidae-stub ...
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Victor Gruschka Springer
Victor Gruschka Springer (born in Jacksonville, Florida on 2 June 1928) is Senior Scientist emeritus, Division of Fishes at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C. He is a specialist in the anatomy, classification, and distribution of fishes, with a special interest in tropical marine shorefishes. He has published numerous scientific studies on these subjects; also, a popular book called "Sharks in Question, the Smithsonian Answer Book" 1989. Education Springer gained his first degree, B.A. in Biology at Emory University in 1948. His M.S. in Botany at the University of Miami in 1954 was followed by his Ph.D in Zoology at the University of Texas in 1957. Research Interests Springer's research interests include the classification, evolution, and biogeography of fishes, especially marine fishes and notably Blennioid fishes. He is also interested in late 19th and 20th Century scientific illustrators of fishes such as Charles Bradford ...
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Labrisomid
Labrisomids are small blennioids (blennies), percomorph marine fish belonging to the family Labrisomidae. Found mostly in the tropical Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, the family contains about 110 species in 15 genera. Stockier than the average blenny, labrisomids are elongated nonetheless; their dorsal fin spines outnumber soft rays (which may be absent altogether), and their pelvic fins are long and slender. Like many other blennies, labrisomids have whisker-like structures called cirri on their heads and napes. Scales may be cycloid or absent in labrisomids; many species are brightly coloured. The hairy blenny (''Labrisomus nuchipinnis'') is the largest species at 23 cm in length; most are far smaller. Generally staying within shallow coastal regions to depths around 10 m, labrisomids are benthic fish spending most of their time on or near the bottom. Both sandy and rocky substrates are frequented, sometimes at reefs or amongst beds of seagrass. Labrisomids are shy fish a ...
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Pacific
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continents of Asia and Oceania in the west and the Americas in the east. At in area (as defined with a southern Antarctic border), this largest division of the World Ocean—and, in turn, the hydrosphere—covers about 46% of Earth's water surface and about 32% of its total surface area, larger than Earth's entire land area combined .Pacific Ocean
. '' Britannica Concise.'' 2008: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
The centers of both the

Costa Rica
Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, and Maritime boundary, maritime border with Ecuador to the south of Cocos Island. It has a population of around five million in a land area of . An estimated 333,980 people live in the capital and largest city, San José, Costa Rica, San José, with around two million people in the surrounding metropolitan area. The sovereign state is a Unitary state, unitary Presidential system, presidential Constitution of Costa Rica, constitutional republic. It has a long-standing and stable democracy and a highly educated workforce. The country spends roughly 6.9% of its budget (2016) on education, compared to a global average of 4.4%. Its economy, once heavily dependent on agricultu ...
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El Salvador
El Salvador (; , meaning " The Saviour"), officially the Republic of El Salvador ( es, República de El Salvador), is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south by the Pacific Ocean. El Salvador's capital and largest city is San Salvador. The country's population in 2022 is estimated to be 6.5 million. Among the Mesoamerican nations that historically controlled the region are the Lenca (after 600 AD), the Mayans, and then the Cuzcatlecs. Archaeological monuments also suggest an early Olmec presence around the first millennium BC. In the beginning of the 16th century, the Spanish Empire conquered the Central American territory, incorporating it into the Viceroyalty of New Spain ruled from Mexico City. However the Viceroyalty of Mexico had little to no influence in the daily affairs of the isthmus, which was colonized in 1524. In 1609, the area was declared the Captaincy General of Guatemala by t ...
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Malacoctenus
''Malacoctenus'' is a genus of ''labrisomid'' blennies native to the eastern Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean. Species There are currently 23 recognized species in this genus: * ''Malacoctenus africanus'' Jean Cadenat, Cadenat, 1951 * ''Malacoctenus aurolineatus'' Clarence Lavett Smith, C. L. Smith, 1957 (Goldline blenny) * ''Malacoctenus boehlkei'' Victor Gruschka Springer, V. G. Springer, 1959 (Diamond blenny) * ''Malacoctenus brunoi'' Ricardo Zaluar Passos Guimarães, R. Z. P. Guimarães, Gustavo Wilson Alves Nunan, Nunan (:pt:Gustavo Nunan, pt) & João Luiz Rosetti Gasparini, Gasparini, 2010 * ''Malacoctenus carrowi'' Peter Wirtz, Wirtz, 2014 Wirtz, P. (2014): A new species of Malacoctenus from the Cape Verde Islands, eastern Atlantic (Pisces Teleostei, Labrisomidae). ''Arquipelago - Life and Marine Sciences, 31: 15-20.'' * ''Malacoctenus costaricanus'' Victor Gruschka Springer, V. G. Springer, 1959 * ''Malacoctenus delalandii'' Achille Valenciennes, Valenciennes, 1836 * ' ...
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Western Central American Coastal Fauna
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Fish Described In 1959
Fish are aquatic, craniate, gill-bearing animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups. Approximately 95% of living fish species are ray-finned fish, belonging to the class Actinopterygii, with around 99% of those being teleosts. The earliest organisms that can be classified as fish were soft-bodied chordates that first appeared during the Cambrian period. Although they lacked a true spine, they possessed notochords which allowed them to be more agile than their invertebrate counterparts. Fish would continue to evolve through the Paleozoic era, diversifying into a wide variety of forms. Many fish of the Paleozoic developed external armor that protected them from predators. The first fish with jaws appeared in the Silurian period, after which many (such as sharks) became formidable marine predators rather than just the prey of arthropods ...
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