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Makhonine Mak-10
The Makhonine Mak-10, was a Wing configuration#Variable geometry, variable-geometry research aircraft, built to investigate variable area / telescopic wings during 1931 in France. Design and development In the early 1930s several designers became interested in the possibility of changing the configuration of wings between take off and fast flight. Two routes were explored, the first primarily involving camber (aerodynamics), camber and hence lift coefficient reduction and the other a decrease of wing area by span reduction at high speed. The Schmeidler variable wing and that of the Gloster Aircraft Company, Gloster built Antoni-Breda Ba.15 were examples of the first group and the Makhonine Mak-10 of the second. Details of the Mak-10 are sparse but its novel feature was a telescopic wing which increased the span for take-off by or 60% of its high speed configuration. The outer panels retracted into the central ones, their inner ends supported on bearings rolling along one or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WikiProject Aircraft
A WikiProject, or Wikiproject, is a Wikimedia movement affinity group for contributors with shared goals. WikiProjects are prevalent within the largest wiki, Wikipedia, and exist to varying degrees within sister projects such as Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikidata, and Wikisource. They also exist in different languages, and translation of articles is a form of their collaboration. During the COVID-19 pandemic, CBS News noted the role of Wikipedia's WikiProject Medicine in maintaining the accuracy of articles related to the disease. Another WikiProject that has drawn attention is WikiProject Women Scientists, which was profiled by '' Smithsonian'' for its efforts to improve coverage of women scientists which the profile noted had "helped increase the number of female scientists on Wikipedia from around 1,600 to over 5,000". On Wikipedia Some Wikipedia WikiProjects are substantial enough to engage in cooperative activities with outside organizations relevant to the field at issue. For e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aircraft Fairing
An aircraft fairing is a structure whose primary function is to produce a smooth outline and reduce drag.Crane, Dale: ''Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms, Third Edition'', page 206. Aviation Supplies & Academics Inc, Newcastle Washington, 1997. These structures are covers for gaps and spaces between parts of an aircraft to reduce form drag and interference drag, and to improve appearance.Bingelis, Tony: ''The Sportplane Builder'', pages 261-265. Experimental Aircraft Association Aviation Foundation, 1979. Types On aircraft, fairings are commonly found on: ; Belly fairing : Also called a "ventral fairing", it is located on the underside of the fuselage between the main wings. It can also cover additional cargo storage or fuel tanks. ; Cockpit fairing : Also called a "cockpit pod", it protects the crew on ultralight trikes. Commonly made from fiberglass, it may also incorporate a windshield.Cliche, Andre: ''Ultralight Aircraft Shopper's Guide'' 8th Edition, page C-17. Cybair ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stemal III
The Stemal III was a parasol wing test bed for a wing with variable camber, intended to increase the speed range of aircraft and to lower landing speeds. It was based on a Nieuport 80. Design and development Stefan Malinowski's several aircraft designs were all named Stemal, the first syllables of his names joined together. The Stemal III was a test-bed for his ideas for extending the speed range of aircraft using variable camber wings, which he had begun to develop at the beginning of World War I whilst studying the Gustave Eiffel wind tunnel results on the lift generated by cambered aerofoil sections. His first experiments were with a modified Caudron wing but the external mechanism he used increased the drag unacceptably. Instead, he developed a wing with ribs which were flexible aft of the main, forward, spar together with an internal, rear spar, cam-based mechanism to bend them. Malinkowski then took the device though aerodynamic tests in wind tunnels in Italy a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schmeidler SN
Schmeidler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * David Schmeidler (1939–2022), Israeli mathematician and economic theorist * Rachel Schmeidler, American artist See also * 22348 Schmeidler, a main-belt asteroid * Schweidler {{surname ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikitin-Shevchenko IS
The Nikitin-Schyevchyenko IS series, (''Istrebitel Skladnoi'' – folding fighter), were single seat polymorphic fighters designed and produced in the USSR from 1938. Development Nikitin's test pilot, Vladimir Vasiloyevich Schyevchyenko, investigated the practicality of a biplane fighter with a folding lower wing which retracted into the upper wing. The intention being to combine the short field length and climb capabilities of the biplane with the speed of the monoplane fighter. Assisted by Nikitin in his investigation, Schyevchyenko built a scale model at MAT in 1939. Later in 1939 OKB-30 were tasked with the design and manufacture of the full-scale IS, which was completed by 6 November 1940. The fuselage forward of the cockpit, wing spar booms and the combined lower inner wing and undercarriage assemblies were built up from welded 30KhGSA steel tubing, whilst the rest of the airframe was constructed from D16 duralumin throughout except for fabric covering on the con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ellingston Special
The Ellingston Special was a variable-geometry aircraft, designed by Cornwallis "Con" Ellingston of Great Falls, Montana Great Falls is the third most populous city in the U.S. state of Montana and the county seat of Cascade County. The population was 60,442 according to the 2020 census. The city covers an area of and is the principal city of the Great Falls, M ... in the late 1930s. Background Ellingston, together with Earle Hansen, constructed the aircraft, with Hansen making the maiden flight on April 23, 1938. It was a single-seat low-wing monoplane, fitted with a retractable undercarriage, and was powered by a LeBlond 90-7D radial engine, fitted with a two-bladed tractor propeller. The primary structure was constructed from 4130 chromoly steel tubing. The aircraft's most notable feature was its telescopic wings, which could vary in span between and , with it being possible to vary the wingspan while in flight. The maximum speed of the aircraft varied from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Makhonine 1928
Ivan () is a Slavic male given name, connected with the variant of the Greek name (English: John) from Hebrew meaning 'God is gracious'. It is associated worldwide with Slavic countries. The earliest person known to bear the name was Bulgarian tsar Ivan Vladislav. It is very popular in Russia, Ukraine, Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Belarus, North Macedonia, and Montenegro and has also become more popular in Romance-speaking countries since the 20th century. Etymology Ivan is the common Slavic Latin spelling, while Cyrillic spelling is two-fold: in Bulgarian, Russian, Macedonian, Serbian and Montenegrin it is Иван, while in Belarusian and Ukrainian it is Іван. The Old Church Slavonic (or Old Cyrillic) spelling is . It is the Slavic relative of the Latin name , corresponding to English '' John''. This Slavic version of the name originates from New Testament Greek (''Iōánnēs'') rather than from the Latin . The Greek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flap (aircraft)
A flap is a high-lift device used to reduce the stalling speed of an aircraft wing at a given weight. Flaps are usually mounted on the wing trailing edges of a fixed-wing aircraft. Flaps are used to reduce the take-off distance and the landing distance. Flaps also cause an increase in drag so they are retracted when not needed. The flaps installed on most aircraft are partial-span flaps; spanwise from near the wing root to the inboard end of the ailerons. When partial-span flaps are extended they alter the spanwise lift distribution on the wing by causing the inboard half of the wing to supply an increased proportion of the lift, and the outboard half to supply a reduced proportion of the lift. Reducing the proportion of the lift supplied by the outboard half of the wing is accompanied by a reduction in the angle of attack on the outboard half. This is beneficial because it increases the margin above the stall of the outboard half, maintaining aileron effectiveness and reduci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Induced Drag
In aerodynamics, lift-induced drag, induced drag, vortex drag, or sometimes drag due to lift, is an aerodynamic drag force that occurs whenever a moving object redirects the airflow coming at it. This drag force occurs in airplanes due to wings or a lifting body redirecting air to cause lift and also in cars with airfoil wings that redirect air to cause a downforce. It is symbolized as D_\text, and the ''lift-induced drag coefficient'' as C_. For a constant amount of lift, induced drag can be reduced by increasing airspeed. A counter-intuitive effect of this is that, up to the speed-for-minimum-drag, aircraft need less power to fly faster. Induced drag is also reduced when the wingspan is higher, or for wings with wingtip devices. Explanation The total aerodynamic force acting on a body is usually thought of as having two components, lift and drag. By definition, the component of force parallel to the oncoming flow is called drag; and the component perpendicular to the oncoming f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sailplane
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined and so can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude. In North America the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common. Types Gliders benefit from producing the least drag for any given amount of lift, and this is best achieved with long, thin wings, a slender fuselage and smooth surfaces with an absence of protuberances. Aircraft with these features are able to soar – climb efficiently in rising air produced by thermals or hills. In still air, sailplanes can glide long distances at high speed with a minimum loss of height in between. Sailplanes have rigid wings and either ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akaflieg Stuttgart FS-29
The Akaflieg Stuttgart fs29 TF ''Stadt Stuttgart'' is a glider designed and built in Germany from 1972. Development The fs29 was designed and built to research the telescopic variable span wing. With the wing at full extension the fs29 could thermal successfully in very weak conditions and land safely in small spaces, conversely with the wing fully retracted the fs29 could cruise between lift at higher speeds, improving performance in distance/speed competitions, as well as perform aerobatics to higher load factors with faster control response. Construction of the fs29 was as follows:- *Inner wing: ** Spar: Carbon Fibre Epoxy. ** Skin: Glassfibre Re-inforced Epoxy + Foam Sandwich. *Outer wing: ** Rectangular section: Carbon Fibre Epoxy Skin. ** Trapezoidal Section: Glassfibre Re-inforced Epoxy + Foam Sandwich. *Fuselage Structure: Welded steel tubing. *Cockpit: Glassfibre Re-inforced Epoxy + Foam Sandwich . *Tail Boom Skin: Aluminum Alloy. *Tail Unit: Glassfibre Re-inforced Ep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radial Engine
The radial engine is a reciprocating type internal combustion engine configuration in which the cylinders "radiate" outward from a central crankcase like the spokes of a wheel. It resembles a stylized star when viewed from the front, and is called a "star engine" in some other languages. The radial configuration was commonly used for aircraft engines before gas turbine engines became predominant. Engine operation Since the axes of the cylinders are coplanar, the connecting rods cannot all be directly attached to the crankshaft unless mechanically complex forked connecting rods are used, none of which have been successful. Instead, the pistons are connected to the crankshaft with a master-and-articulating-rod assembly. One piston, the uppermost one in the animation, has a master rod with a direct attachment to the crankshaft. The remaining pistons pin their connecting rods' attachments to rings around the edge of the master rod. Extra "rows" of radial cylinders can be added i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
