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MAN NL202
The MAN NL202 was a low floor single-decker bus built by MAN Nutzfahrzeuge from the late 1980s until 1992. It is derived from the VöV SL-II bus standard. Especially sold in Europe, in particular in Germany, it was replaced by MAN NL262. It was additionally sold in South Australia, in diesel and Compressed natural gas variants, the latter of which continues to be used to this day in significant numbers. It has used a fully low floor configuration inside the bus with seats mounted on platforms similar to the MAN NL262 and the Mercedes-Benz O405N. See also * Mercedes-Benz O405N *MAN NG272 The MAN NG272 was a low-floor bus, low floor articulated bus, articulated single-decker bus built by MAN Nutzfahrzeuge from 1990 until 1992. It was an articulated development from the MAN NL202. Especially sold in Europe, in particular in Germany, ... {{MAN Truck & Bus, state=autocollapse Low-floor buses NL202 Vehicles introduced in 1989 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MAN Truck & Bus
MAN Truck & Bus SE (formerly MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG, ) is a subsidiary of Traton, and one of the leading international providers of commercial vehicles. Headquartered in Munich, Germany, MAN Truck & Bus produces vans in the range from 3.0 to 5.5 t gvw, trucks in the range from 7.49 to 44 t gvw, heavy goods vehicles up to 250 t road train gvw, bus-chassis, coaches, interurban coaches, and city buses. MAN Truck & Bus also produces diesel and natural-gas engines. The MAN acronym originally stood for ''Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG'' (), formerly MAN AG. Trucks and buses of the product brand MAN and buses of the product brand Neoplan (premium coaches) belong to the MAN Truck & Bus Group. On 1 January 2011, MAN Nutzfahrzeuge (''literally: commercial vehicles'') was renamed as MAN Truck & Bus to better reflect the company's products on the international market. History Light truck collaborations with Saviem and Volkswagen From 1967 until 1977, MAN collaborated with Franc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voith DIWA
The Voith DIWA automotive transmission was designed by Voith primarily for city-buses and suburban buses. The transmission utilizes a Differential-Wandler (Converter) or DIWA which replaces two gears which would be used on a conventional transmission. Voith has designed many variations and generations of the Voith DIWA. History Evaluation DIWA (D851/D854/D854G) *Three/four front speed, four-speed G version (for example, Metroliner D854G), add a set of 1.36:1 reduction gear to the output *Three-stage throttle sensor (there are two switches on the inside), the throttle depth corresponding to each stage needs to be manually adjusted *The shifting speed is divided into four stages with the same force (three-stage throttle + kickdown) *The hydraulic retarder will go out when the vehicle speed is too low, and it will turn a gear at the same time. *All oil valves are on-off, and the force of biting the clutch is controlled by adjusting the working/o of a gearbox. DIWA 2 (D851.2/D8 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Low-floor Buses
Accessibility is the design of products, devices, services, vehicles, or environments so as to be usable by people with disabilities. The concept of accessible design and practice of accessible development ensures both "direct access" (i.e. unassisted) and "indirect access" meaning compatibility with a person's assistive technology (for example, computer screen readers). Accessibility can be viewed as the "ability to access" and benefit from some system or entity. The concept focuses on enabling access for people with disabilities, or enabling access through the use of assistive technology; however, research and development in accessibility brings benefits to everyone. Accessibility is not to be confused with usability, which is the extent to which a product (such as a device, service, or environment) can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency, convenience, or satisfaction in a specified context of use. Accessibility is a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MAN NG272
The MAN NG272 was a low floor articulated single-decker bus built by MAN Nutzfahrzeuge from 1990 until 1992. It was an articulated development from the MAN NL202. Especially sold in Europe, in particular in Germany, it was replaced by the MAN NG272(2) (A11) in 1992. MAN NG272(2) The MAN NG272(2) was a single-decker tri-axle articulated bus built by MAN Nutzfahrzeuge from 1992 until 2000. It a articulated successor to the MAN NG272, and a development of the rigid bodied MAN NL262. The new (2) variant changed the original pillar seat supports which allowed the windows in the front section to be lowered, but otherwise remained visually very similar to the NG272. Especially sold in Europe, in particular in Germany, it was replaced by the MAN A23 in 1998. Most NG272(2)s were fitted with MAN D 5865 LUH engines in the rear, coupled to drive the rear axle via either a Voith DIWA 864.4 or a ZF 5HP fully automatic transmission. However, after 1995, new models were fitted with Euro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
South Australia
South Australia (commonly abbreviated as SA) is a state in the southern central part of Australia. It covers some of the most arid parts of the country. With a total land area of , it is the fourth-largest of Australia's states and territories by area, and second smallest state by population. It has a total of 1.8 million people. Its population is the second most highly centralised in Australia, after Western Australia, with more than 77 percent of South Australians living in the capital Adelaide, or its environs. Other population centres in the state are relatively small; Mount Gambier, the second-largest centre, has a population of 33,233. South Australia shares borders with all of the other mainland states, as well as the Northern Territory; it is bordered to the west by Western Australia, to the north by the Northern Territory, to the north-east by Queensland, to the east by New South Wales, to the south-east by Victoria, and to the south by the Great Australian Bight.M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. Comprising the westernmost peninsulas of Eurasia, it shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with both Africa and Asia. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and Asia to the east. Europe is commonly considered to be Boundaries between the continents of Earth#Asia and Europe, separated from Asia by the drainage divide, watershed of the Ural Mountains, the Ural (river), Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, the Black Sea and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. "Europe" (pp. 68–69); "Asia" (pp. 90–91): "A commonly accepted division between Asia and E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
VöV-Standard-Bus
The VöV-Standard-Bus is a standard for transit buses in Germany based on requirements by the VöV Association of German Transport Companies. The first concept was named (standard city bus) which resulted in multiple variants of VöV-Buses. The first generation was conceived in 1968 being in production to the mid 1980s when it was replaced by the second generation (sometimes abbreviated as SL-II) being in production up to 2000. History Post-war Germany had made good experiences with the definition of a standard body kit for tramways that were built onto old chassis in a coordinated refurbishment action. This allowed to quickly replace the demolished fleet with the first generation (') being produced from 1948 to 1950 and the second generation (') being produced from 1951 to 1958. In that time the contracted Duewag had a de facto monopoly in tramway production and other manufacturers had to adhere to the blueprint to be able to sell tramway cars in Germany. During the 1960s bus t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge
MAN Truck & Bus SE (formerly MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG, ) is a subsidiary of Traton, and one of the leading international providers of commercial vehicles. Headquartered in Munich, Germany, MAN Truck & Bus produces vans in the range from 3.0 to 5.5 t gvw, trucks in the range from 7.49 to 44 t gvw, heavy goods vehicles up to 250 t road train gvw, bus-chassis, coaches, interurban coaches, and city buses. MAN Truck & Bus also produces diesel and natural-gas engines. The MAN acronym originally stood for ''Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG'' (), formerly MAN AG. Trucks and buses of the product brand MAN and buses of the product brand Neoplan (premium coaches) belong to the MAN Truck & Bus Group. On 1 January 2011, MAN Nutzfahrzeuge (''literally: commercial vehicles'') was renamed as MAN Truck & Bus to better reflect the company's products on the international market. History Light truck collaborations with Saviem and Volkswagen From 1967 until 1977, MAN collaborated with Franc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mercedes-Benz O405N
The Mercedes-Benz O405 was a single-decker bus manufactured by Mercedes-Benz from the mid-1980s to the early 2000s as either an integral bus or a bus chassis and was the last VöV SL-II standard bus in production. It was the replacement for the Mercedes-Benz O305 and was widely used in Europe, the United Kingdom, Australia and Singapore with 12,000 produced. Standard floor version The step-entrance version was known as the O405. A 3-axle articulated version was also built known as O405G and a trolleybus as the O405T.The Mercedes-Benz O405 Range ''Buses Worldwide'' issue 214 July 2019 pages 30–33 There were two generations of O405, designated as O405 MkI and O405 MkII. Most of them have their boxy roof dome (slightly arched) with a double-curvature windscreen, separately mounted destination indicator and pantograph system windshield wipers that was used on some buses such as the Dennis Dart, Leyland Lynx, MAN NL262 and the MAN SL202. O405 Mark I The O405 Mark I was mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ZF Ecomat
The ZF Ecomat automotive transmission was specifically designed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG primarily for city-buses and motorcoaches. It has several generations – all of the automatic transmission type, and many variants. The latest variants use a lock-up torque converter along with a retarder. Some variants are listed below. Gear ratios Ecomat I (1980–1985) Gear ratios Ecomat I/II/IV (1985–2016) 1st generation — Ecomat (1980–2002) All generations of the Ecomat series are no longer in production. *4HP500 / 5HP500 / 6HP500 — four-, five- or six-speed; maximum input torque of 1100 Nm *4HP590 / 5HP590 / 6HP590 — four-, five- or six-speed; maximum input torque of 1250 Nm *4HP600 / 5HP600 / 6HP600 — four-, five- or six-speed; maximum input torque of 1400 Nm 2nd generation — Ecomat 2 (1997–2007) All generations of the Ecomat series are no longer in production. *4HP502/C / 5HP502/C / 6HP502/C — four-, five- or six-speed; maximum input torque of *4HP592/C / ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Compressed Natural Gas
Compressed natural gas (CNG) is a fuel gas mainly composed of methane (CH4), compressed to less than 1% of the volume it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure. It is stored and distributed in hard containers at a pressure of , usually in cylindrical or spherical shapes. CNG is used in traditional petrol/internal combustion engine vehicles that have been modified, or in vehicles specifically manufactured for CNG use: either alone (dedicated), with a segregated liquid fuel system to extend range (dual fuel), or in conjunction with another fuel ( bi-fuel). It can be used in place of petrol (gasoline), diesel fuel, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). CNG combustion produces fewer undesirable gases than the aforementioned fuels. In comparison to other fuels, natural gas poses less of a threat in the event of a spill, because it is lighter than air and disperses quickly when released. Biomethane – refined biogas from anaerobic digestion or landfills – can be used. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Munich
Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by population, third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg, and thus the largest which does not constitute its own state, as well as the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, 11th-largest city in the European Union. The Munich Metropolitan Region, city's metropolitan region is home to 6 million people. Straddling the banks of the River Isar (a tributary of the Danube) north of the Northern Limestone Alps, Bavarian Alps, Munich is the seat of the Bavarian Regierungsbezirk, administrative region of Upper Bavaria, while being the population density, most densely populated municipality in Germany (4,500 people per km2). Munich is the second-largest city in the Bavarian dialects, Bavarian dialect area, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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