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Luis Fernando Castillo Mendez
Luis Fernando Castillo Méndez (December 4, 1922 - October 29, 2009) was a Venezuelan Independent Catholic priest who rose to the leadership of the Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church (ICAB). Castillo Méndez was arguably the second or third 'Patriarch' of ICAB and its 48 dioceses, though none of his predecessors used that title. He was also the nominal head of the ''Iglesias Catolicas Apostolicas Nacionales'' (ICAN) and the Worldwide Communion of Catholic Apostolic National Churches (WCCAC), which were attempts to form an international association of Independent Catholic churches. Although he had little formal education, Castillo Méndez contrived to be ordained priest on August 10, 1944, though he was immediately censured and was at no point recognized as a Roman Catholic priest. Jarvis, Edward, ''God, Land & Freedom: The True Story of ICAB,'' Apocryphile Press, Berkeley CA, 2018, pp 98-103 On March 8, 1947, Castillo Méndez became the founder of the independent ''Venezuelan Cat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
His Holiness
The title His Holiness (and the associated form of address Your Holiness) is an official title or style referring to the pope; this use can be traced back several hundred years. It is also an official title for Oriental Orthodox patriarchs or Catholicoi. The title is also used by other religious leaders such as Lu Sheng-yen, the Dalai Lama, the Menri Trizin, and Da'i al-Mutlaq of the Dawoodi Bohras, etc. Christianity Catholic Church ''His Holiness'' ( lat, Sanctitas) is the official style used to address the Roman Catholic pope. The full papal title, rarely used, is: : ''His Holiness (Francis), Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, Sovereign of the Vatican City State, Servant of the servants of God.'' The best-known title, that of "Pope", does not appear in the official list of titles, but is commonly used in the titl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Madrid , coordinates = , largest_city = Madrid , languages_type = Official language , languages = Spanish language, Spanish , ethnic_groups = , ethnic_groups_year = , ethnic_groups_ref = , religion = , religion_ref = , religion_year = 2020 , demonym = , government_type = Unitary state, Unitary Parliamentary system, parliamentary constitutional monarchy , leader_title1 = Monarchy of Spain, Monarch , leader_name1 = Felipe VI , leader_title2 = Prime Minister of Spain ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panama Canal Zone
The Panama Canal Zone ( es, Zona del Canal de Panamá), also simply known as the Canal Zone, was an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the Isthmus of Panama, that existed from 1903 to 1979. It was located within the territory of Panama, consisting of the Panama Canal and an area generally extending on each side of the centerline, but excluding Panama City and Colón. Its capital was Balboa. The Panama Canal Zone was created on November 18, 1903 from the territory of Panama; established with the signing of the Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty, which allowed for the construction of the Panama Canal within the territory by the United States. The zone existed until October 1, 1979, when it was incorporated back into Panama. In 1904, the Isthmian Canal Convention was proclaimed. In it, the Republic of Panama granted to the United States in perpetuity the use, occupation, and control of a zone of land and land underwater for the construction, maintenance, opera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Catholic Archdiocese Of Botucatu
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Botucatu ( la, Archidioecesis Botucatuensis) is an archdiocese located in the city of Botucatu in Brazil. History * June 7, 1908: Established as Diocese of Botucatu from the Diocese of São Paulo In 1937 the bishop of the diocese, Carlos Duarte Costa resigned under pressure from the Vatican. He would later go on to form a Brazilian Catholic Church that allowed married priests and ended personal confessions. * April 19, 1958: Promoted as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Botucatu Bishops Ordinaries * Bishops of Botucatu (Latin Rite) ** Lúcio Antunes de Souza (1908.10.17 – 1923.10.19) ** Carlos Duarte Costa (1924.07.04 – 1937.09.22) ** Antonio Colturato, O.F.M. Cap. (1938.04.12 – 1946.05.05) ** Henrique Hector Golland Trindade, O.F.M. (1948.05.15 – 1958.04.19) * Archbishops of Botucatu ** Henrique Hector Golland Trindade, O.F.M. (1958.04.19 – 1968.03.27) ** Vicente Ângelo José Marchetti Zioni (1968.03.27 – 1989.05.30) ** Antônio Mari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bishop
A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is called episcopacy. Organizationally, several Christian denominations utilize ecclesiastical structures that call for the position of bishops, while other denominations have dispensed with this office, seeing it as a symbol of power. Bishops have also exercised political authority. Traditionally, bishops claim apostolic succession, a direct historical lineage dating back to the original Twelve Apostles or Saint Paul. The bishops are by doctrine understood as those who possess the full priesthood given by Jesus Christ, and therefore may ordain other clergy, including other bishops. A person ordained as a deacon, priest (i.e. presbyter), and then bishop is understood to hold the fullness of the ministerial priesthood, given responsibility b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holy See
The Holy See ( lat, Sancta Sedes, ; it, Santa Sede ), also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the Pope in his role as the bishop of Rome. It includes the apostolic episcopal see of the Diocese of Rome, which has ecclesiastical jurisdiction over the Catholic Church and the sovereign city-state known as the Vatican City. According to Catholic tradition it was founded in the first century by Saints Peter and Paul and, by virtue of Petrine and papal primacy, is the focal point of full communion for Catholic Christians around the world. As a sovereign entity, the Holy See is headquartered in, operates from, and exercises "exclusive dominion" over the independent Vatican City State enclave in Rome, of which the pope is sovereign. The Holy See is administered by the Roman Curia (Latin for "Roman Court"), which is the central government of the Catholic Church. The Roman Curia includes various dicasteries, comparable to ministries and ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Excommunication
Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to end or at least regulate the communion of a member of a congregation with other members of the religious institution who are in normal communion with each other. The purpose of the institutional act is to deprive, suspend, or limit membership in a religious community or to restrict certain rights within it, in particular, those of being in communion with other members of the congregation, and of receiving the sacraments. It is practiced by all of the ancient churches (such as the Catholic Church, Oriental Orthodox churches and the Eastern Orthodox churches) as well as by other Christian denominations, but it is also used more generally to refer to similar types of institutional religious exclusionary practices and shunning among other religious groups. The Amish have also been known to excommunicate members that were either seen or known for breaking rules, or questioning the church, a practice known as shun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independent Catholic Churches
Independent Catholicism is an independent sacramental movement of clergy and laity who self-identify as Catholic (most often as Old Catholic or as Independent Catholic) and form "micro-churches claiming apostolic succession and valid sacraments", in spite of not being affiliated to the historic Catholic churches such as the Roman Catholic and Utrechter Old Catholic churches. The term "Independent Catholic" derives from the fact that "these denominations affirm both their belonging to the Catholic tradition as well as their independence from Rome." It is difficult to determine the number of jurisdictions, communities, clergy and members who make up Independent Catholicism, particularly since the movement "is growing and changing in every moment." Some adherents choose Independent Catholicism as an alternative way to live and express their Catholic faith outside the Roman Catholic Church (with whose structures, beliefs and practices Independent Catholicism often closely align ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward Jarvis (author)
Edward Jarvis FRAS FRHistS (born 1975) is a British author of religious history, politics and theology, and an Anglican clergyman. His books address previously underresearched topics, namely the Independent Sacramental Movement and the introduction of Christianity in Southeast Asia, specifically Vietnam, Myanmar (Burma), and Malaysia. Early life and education Edward Jarvis was born in Kingston upon Hull, England, in 1975, to an English father and an Italian mother. His great-grandfather was the Italian film actor Umberto Sclanizza. He is a first cousin (five times removed) of travel writer, novelist, and biblical translator George Borrow and a distant cousin of Colonel Sir Weston Jarvis, an MP and Chair of the Royal Empire Society. Jarvis attended the Malet Lambert School before studying theology and religious studies at Trinity & All Saints College, York St John, and the Logos Institute of Theology. Work Jarvis authored the first ever biographies of Brazilian bishop Car ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Priesthood (Catholic Church)
The priesthood is the office of the ministers of religion, who have been commissioned ("ordained") with the Holy orders of the Catholic Church. Technically, bishops are a priestly order as well; however, in layman's terms ''priest'' refers only to presbyters and pastors (parish priests). The church's doctrine also sometimes refers to all baptised (lay) members as the "common priesthood", which can be confused with the ministerial priesthood of the consecrated clergy. The church has different rules for priests in the Latin Church–the largest Catholic particular church–and in the 23 Eastern Catholic Churches. Notably, priests in the Latin Church must take a vow of celibacy, whereas most Eastern Catholic Churches permit married men to be ordained. Deacons are male and usually belong to the diocesan clergy, but, unlike almost all Latin Church (Western Catholic) priests and all bishops from Eastern or Western Catholicism, they may marry as laymen before their ordination as cler ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Worldwide Communion Of Catholic Apostolic National Churches
The Worldwide Communion of Catholic Apostolic Churches (WCCAC; es, Comunión de Iglesias Católicas Apostólicas Mundiales, CICAM) was a communion of independent Catholic churches connected to the Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church (ICAB). The Worldwide Communion of Catholic Apostolic Churches was founded around 2008 in Guatemala. In spite of its ambitious aims, there is no independent evidence of any recent activity of this organization, which seems to have stalled. Jarvis, Edward. ''God, Land & Freedom, the true story of ICAB,'' Apocryphile Press, Berkeley CA, 2018, pp 164-165 Organization and beliefs The Worldwide Communion of Catholic Apostolic Churches adhered to a conventional Catholic Christian faith, though with openness to other beliefs that they perceive do not contradict the Catholic faith. Similarly, the WCCAC understanding of church structure and hierarchy, sacraments, and holy orders essentially did not differ from conventional Catholicism, but dissolution of marri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diocese
In Ecclesiastical polity, church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop. History In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided Roman province, provinces were administratively associated in a larger unit, the Roman diocese, diocese (Latin ''dioecesis'', from the Greek language, Greek term διοίκησις, meaning "administration"). Christianity was given legal status in 313 with the Edict of Milan. Churches began to organize themselves into Roman diocese, dioceses based on the Roman diocese, civil dioceses, not on the larger regional imperial districts. These dioceses were often smaller than the Roman province, provinces. Christianity was declared the Empire's State church of the Roman Empire, official religion by Theodosius I in 380. Constantine the Great, Constantine I in 318 gave litigants the right to have court cases transferred from the civil courts to the bishops. This situ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
