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Listriodontinae
Listriodontinae was an extinct subfamily of even-toed ungulates that existed during the Miocene in Europe, Africa, and Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an area .... References Prehistoric Suidae Mammal subfamilies Miocene mammals of Asia Miocene even-toed ungulates {{Paleo-eventoedungulate-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Megalochoerus
''Megalochoerus'' is an extinct genus of large and long-legged pig-like animals from the Miocene of Africa. Taxonomy The species ''M. khinzikebirus'' and ''M. marymuunguae'' were once considered to belong to the related ''Kubanochoerus'' or ''Libycochoerus'', but have since been reassigned to ''Megalochoerus''. ''Megalochoerus marymuuguae'' was the smallest and earliest of the three species, while ''M. humungous'' was the latest occurring and largest. Description ''Megalochoerus'' contained some of the largest suids ever known to exist. Weight estimates of ''M. khinzikebirus'', intermediate in size between the other two species, have been as high as based on dental morphology, easily larger than other giant fossil pigs such as ''Kubanochoerus'' and '' Notochoerus''. Other calculations based on molar and humerus measurements have yielded lower estimates for ''M. khinzikebirus''; based on measurements of the lower molar (m/1), and based on articulation of the distal humerus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eurolistriodon
''Eurolistriodon'' was an extinct genus of even-toed ungulates that existed during the Miocene in Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia .... References Prehistoric Suidae Miocene mammals of Asia Miocene even-toed ungulates Miocene mammals of Europe Prehistoric even-toed ungulate genera {{paleo-eventoedungulate-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lopholistriodon
''Lopholistriodon'' was an extinct genus of even-toed ungulates that existed during the Miocene in Africa. It was among the earliest and smallest member of the Listriodontinae Listriodontinae was an extinct subfamily of even-toed ungulates that existed during the Miocene in Europe, Africa, and Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its .... One species, ''Lopholistriodon moruoroti'', has been reassigned to the related '' Namachoerus''. References Prehistoric Suidae Miocene mammals of Africa Miocene even-toed ungulates Prehistoric even-toed ungulate genera {{paleo-eventoedungulate-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kubanochoerus
''Kubanochoerus'' is an extinct genus of large, long-legged suid artiodactyl mammal from the Miocene of Eurasia and Africa. Taxonomy The genera ''Libycochoerus'' and ''Megalochoerus ''Megalochoerus'' is an extinct genus of large and long-legged pig-like animals from the Miocene of Africa. Taxonomy The species ''M. khinzikebirus'' and ''M. marymuunguae'' were once considered to belong to the related ''Kubanochoerus ''Kub ...'' were once assigned to ''Kubanochoerus'' but are now considered distinct based on dental and minor cranial details. The putative paraceratheriid genus ''Caucasotherium'', described from the Caucasus on the basis of a bone fragment with four incisors, is actually a synonym of the Middle Miocene ''Kubanochoerus gigas''. Description The largest species, the aptly named ''K. gigas'', grew to be around at the shoulder, and probably weighed up to in life. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. Comprising the westernmost peninsulas of Eurasia, it shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with both Africa and Asia. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and Asia to the east. Europe is commonly considered to be Boundaries between the continents of Earth#Asia and Europe, separated from Asia by the drainage divide, watershed of the Ural Mountains, the Ural (river), Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, the Black Sea and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. "Europe" (pp. 68–69); "Asia" (pp. 90–91): "A commonly accepted division between Asia and E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mammal Subfamilies
Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or hair, and three middle ear bones. These characteristics distinguish them from reptiles (including birds) from which they diverged in the Carboniferous, over 300 million years ago. Around 6,400 extant species of mammals have been described divided into 29 orders. The largest orders, in terms of number of species, are the rodents, bats, and Eulipotyphla (hedgehogs, moles, shrews, and others). The next three are the Primates (including humans, apes, monkeys, and others), the Artiodactyla ( cetaceans and even-toed ungulates), and the Carnivora (cats, dogs, seals, and others). In terms of cladistics, which reflects evolutionary history, mammals are the only living members of the Synapsida (synapsids); this clade, together wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prehistoric Suidae
Prehistory, also known as pre-literary history, is the period of human history between the use of the first stone tools by hominins 3.3 million years ago and the beginning of recorded history with the invention of writing systems. The use of symbols, marks, and images appears very early among humans, but the earliest known writing systems appeared 5000 years ago. It took thousands of years for writing systems to be widely adopted, with writing spreading to almost all cultures by the 19th century. The end of prehistory therefore came at very different times in different places, and the term is less often used in discussing societies where prehistory ended relatively recently. In the early Bronze Age, Sumer in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley Civilisation, and ancient Egypt were the first civilizations to develop their own scripts and to keep historical records, with their neighbors following. Most other civilizations reached the end of prehistory during the following Iron Age. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asia
Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an area of , about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilizations. Its 4.7 billion people constitute roughly 60% of the world's population. In general terms, Asia is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean, and on the north by the Arctic Ocean. The border of Asia with Europe is a historical and cultural construct, as there is no clear physical and geographical separation between them. It is somewhat arbitrary and has moved since its first conception in classical antiquity. The division of Eurasia into two continents reflects East–West cultural, linguistic, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area.Sayre, April Pulley (1999), ''Africa'', Twenty-First Century Books. . With billion people as of , it accounts for about of the world's human population. Africa's population is the youngest amongst all the continents; the median age in 2012 was 19.7, when the worldwide median age was 30.4. Despite a wide range of natural resources, Africa is the least wealthy continent per capita and second-least wealthy by total wealth, behind Oceania. Scholars have attributed this to different factors including geography, climate, tribalism, colonialism, the Cold War, neocolonialism, lack of democracy, and corruption. Despite this low concentration of wealth, recent economic expansion and the large and young population make Afr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Namachoerus
''Namachoerus'' was an extinct genus of even-toed ungulates that existed during the Miocene of Africa. One species, ''Namachoerus moruoroti'' was formerly placed in the genus ''Lopholistriodon ''Lopholistriodon'' was an extinct genus of even-toed ungulates that existed during the Miocene in Africa. It was among the earliest and smallest member of the Listriodontinae Listriodontinae was an extinct subfamily of even-toed ungulates tha ...''. References Prehistoric Suidae Miocene even-toed ungulates Prehistoric even-toed ungulate genera Miocene mammals of Africa {{paleo-eventoedungulate-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates than the Pliocene has. The Miocene is preceded by the Oligocene and is followed by the Pliocene. As Earth went from the Oligocene through the Miocene and into the Pliocene, the climate slowly cooled towards a series of ice ages. The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regionally defined boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene Epoch. During the Early Miocene, the Arabian Peninsula collided with Eurasia, severing the connection between the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean, and allowing a faunal interchange to occur between Eurasia and Africa, including the dispersal of proboscideans into Eurasia. During the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Even-toed Ungulates
The even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla , ) are ungulates—hoofed animals—which bear weight equally on two (an even number) of their five toes: the third and fourth. The other three toes are either present, absent, vestigial, or pointing posteriorly. By contrast, odd-toed ungulates bear weight on an odd number of the five toes. Another difference between the two is that many other even-toed ungulates (with the exception of Suina) digest plant cellulose in one or more stomach chambers rather than in their intestine as the odd-toed ungulates do. Cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) evolved from even-toed ungulates, and are therefore often classified under the same taxonomic branch because a species cannot outgrow its evolutionary ancestry; some modern taxonomists combine the two under the name Cetartiodactyla , while others opt to include cetaceans in the already-existing Artiodactyla. The roughly 270 land-based even-toed ungulate species include pigs, peccaries, hippopota ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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