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List Of Primula Diseases ...
This article is a list of diseases of Primulas: English primrose. Bacterial diseases Fungal diseases Nematodes, parasitic Viral and viroid diseases Phytoplasmal diseases {, class="wikitable" style="clear" ! colspan=2, Phytoplasmal diseases , - , Aster yellows , , Aster yellows phytoplasma , - ReferencesCommon Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society Primula ''Primula'' () is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. They include the primrose ('' P. vulgaris''), a familiar wildflower of banks and verges. Other common species are '' P. auricula'' (auricula), '' P. veris'' (cow ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Primula
''Primula'' () is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. They include the primrose ('' P. vulgaris''), a familiar wildflower of banks and verges. Other common species are '' P. auricula'' (auricula), '' P. veris'' (cowslip), and '' P. elatior'' (oxlip). These species and many others are valued for their ornamental flowers. They have been extensively cultivated and hybridised (in the case of the primrose, for many hundreds of years). ''Primula'' are native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere, south into tropical mountains in Ethiopia, Indonesia, and New Guinea, and in temperate southern South America. Almost half of the known species are from the Himalayas. ''Primula'' has over 500 species in traditional treatments, and more if certain related genera are included within its circumscription.''Primula''. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizoctonia Solani
''Rhizoctonia solani'' is a species of fungus in the order Cantharellales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are thin, effused, and web-like, but the fungus is more typically encountered in its anamorphic state, as hyphae and sclerotia. The name ''Rhizoctonia solani'' is currently applied to a complex of related species that await further research. In its wide sense, ''Rhizoctonia solani'' is a facultative plant pathogen with a wide host range and worldwide distribution. It causes various plant diseases such as root rot, damping off, and wire stem. It can also form mycorrhizal associations with orchids. Taxonomy In 1858, the German plant pathologist Julius Kühn observed and described a fungus on diseased potato tubers and named it ''Rhizoctonia solani'', the species epithet referring to ''Solanum tuberosum'' (potato). The disease caused was well known before the discovery and description of the fungus. In 1956, Dutch mycologist M.A. Donk published the new name ''Thanatephorus cucumer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cucumber Mosaic Virus
''Cucumber mosaic virus'' (CMV) is a plant pathogenic virus in the family ''Bromoviridae''. This virus has a worldwide distribution and a very wide host range, having the reputation of the widest host range of any known plant virus. It can be transmitted from plant to plant both mechanically by sap and by aphids in a stylet-borne fashion. It can also be transmitted in seeds and by the parasitic weeds, ''Cuscuta sp.'' (dodder). Hosts and symptoms This virus was first characterized in cucumbers (''Cucumis sativus'') showing mosaic symptoms in 1934, hence the name ''Cucumber mosaic''. Since then, it has been found to infect a great variety of other plants. These include other vegetables such as squash, melons, peppers, eggplants,tomatoes, beans, carrots, celery, lettuce, spinach, beets, many ornamentals and bedding plants, such as '' Narcissus'', and various weeds. Its presence has been confirmed on every continent of the world, including Antarctica. Symptoms seen with this virus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cucumovirus
''Cucumovirus'' is a genus of viruses, in the family ''Bromoviridae''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are four species in this genus. Taxonomy The following species are assigned to the genus: * ''Cucumber mosaic virus'' * '' Gayfeather mild mottle virus'' * '' Peanut stunt virus'' * ''Tomato aspermy virus'' Structure Viruses in the genus ''Cucumovirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and Spherical geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 29 nm. Genomes are linear and segmented, tripartite. Life cycle Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded rna virus transcription, using the internal initiation model of subgenomic rna transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are mechanical and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfamovirus
Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), also known as ''Lucerne mosaic virus'' or ''Potato calico virus'', is a worldwide distributed phytopathogen that can lead to necrosis and yellow mosaics on a large variety of plant species, including commercially important crops. It is the only ''Alfamovirus'' of the family ''Bromoviridae''. In 1931 Weimer J.L. was the first to report AMV in alfalfa (''Medicago sativa''). Transmission of the virus occurs mainly by some aphids (plant lice), by seeds or by pollen to the seed. Virology Structure The virion has a capsid (coat protein) but no envelope. The icosahedral symmetry of the capsid is round to elongated. The range for the length of the virion particle is about 30–57 nm. AMV is a multipartite virus and is composed of four particles (three bacilliform and one spheroidal) with a diameter of 18 nm. Genome The genetic material of AMV consists of three linear positive-sense strand RNAs (RNA 1, RNA 2 and RNA 3) and a subgenomic RNA (R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus
Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), also known as ''Lucerne mosaic virus'' or ''Potato calico virus'', is a worldwide distributed phytopathogen that can lead to necrosis and yellow mosaics on a large variety of plant species, including commercially important crops. It is the only ''Alfamovirus'' of the family ''Bromoviridae''. In 1931 Weimer J.L. was the first to report AMV in alfalfa (''Medicago sativa''). Transmission of the virus occurs mainly by some aphids (plant lice), by seeds or by pollen to the seed. Virology Structure The virion has a capsid (coat protein) but no envelope. The icosahedral symmetry of the capsid is round to elongated. The range for the length of the virion particle is about 30–57 nm. AMV is a multipartite virus and is composed of four particles (three bacilliform and one spheroidal) with a diameter of 18 nm. Genome The genetic material of AMV consists of three linear positive-sense strand RNAs (RNA 1, RNA 2 and RNA 3) and a subgenomic RNA ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meloidogyne Arenaria
''Meloidogyne arenaria'' is a species of plant pathogenic nematodes. This nematode is also known as the ''peanut root knot nematode''. The word "''Meloidogyne''" is derived from two Greek words that mean "apple-shaped" and "female".Howard Ferris 1999 to 2011 http://plpnemweb.ucdavis.edu/nemaplex/taxadata/G076S1.htm. The peanut root knot nematode, ''M. arenaria'' is one of the "major" ''Meloidogyne'' species because of its worldwide economic importance.Chitwood, 1949 (Neal, 1889) Meloidogyne arenaria. http://nematode.unl.edu/wormaren.htm ''M. arenaria'' is a predominant nematode species in the United States attacking peanut in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and Texas.J. L. Starr and E. R. Morgan, Management of the Peanut Root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria, with Host Resistance. Department of Plant Pathology, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A&M University, TAMU 2132, College Station http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/php/management/rootknot/ The most damagin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meloidogyne Javanica
''Meloidogyne javanica'' is a species of plant-pathogenic nematodes. It is one of the tropical root-knot nematodes and a major agricultural pest in many countries. It has many hosts. ''Meloidogyne javanica'' reproduces by obligatory mitotic parthenogenesis (apomixis). Hosts ''Meloidogyne javanica'' is a nematode pathogen that affects over 770 species of plants (Cabi 2018). The hosts of this pathogen include both weeds and crops of economic importance. Those of economic importance include tea, grapevine, vegetables, fruit trees, cereals, and ornamentals (Cabi 2018). ''Meloidogyne javanica'' is considered an agricultural pest, as it is extremely abundant and damaging (Alford 2012). Symptoms Because there are so many different hosts for this pathogen, the symptoms are very variable. Common symptoms include abnormal leaf color, abnormal leaf form, wilting leaves, galls, swollen roots, reduced root system, dwarfing and senescence (Cabi 2018). This pathogen does the most damage w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meloidogyne Hapla
Northern root-knot nematode (''Meloidogyne hapla'') is a species of vegetable pathogens which produces tiny galls on around 550 crop and weed species. They invade root tissue after birth. Females are able to lay up to 1,000 eggs at a time in a large egg mass. By surviving harsh winters, they can survive in cold climates (hence, the name, Northern). Hosts and symptoms ''Meloidogyne hapla'' (Northern root-knot nematode) has a wide host range. It is polyphagous and affects over 550 crops and weeds. It feeds on many agricultural and horticultural plants (vegetables, fruits, ornamentals), but few grasses or cereals. A list of known hosts can be found at the bottom of this page. Symptoms can be seen in the roots, leaves, and the overall growth of the infected plant. In roots, there may be stunting, wilting, and the formation of abnormal growths called galls. Galls are usually small and spherical and are situated near many small roots. They are formed when the nematode enters the roo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pratylenchus
''Pratylenchus'' is a genus of nematodes known commonly as lesion nematodes.Crow, W. TAmaryllis lesion nematode, ''Pratylenchus hippeastri''.EENY-546. University of Florida IFAS. 2012. They are parasitic on plants and are responsible for root lesion disease on many taxa of host plants in temperate regions around the world. Lesion nematodes are migratory endoparasites that feed and reproduce in the root and move around, unlike the cyst or root-knot nematodes, which may stay in one place. They usually only feed on the cortex of the root.Lesion nematodes. University of Illinois Extension. 1999. Species are distinguished primarily by the of the [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aphelenchoides Ritzemabosi
''Aphelenchoides ritzemabosi'' (Black currant nematode, Chrysanthemum foliar nematode, Chrysanthemum leaf nematode, Chrysanthemum nematode, Chrysanthemum Foliar eelworm) is a plant pathogenic nematode. It was first scientifically described in 1890 in England. This nematode has a wide host range. Among the most important species affected are Chrysanthemums and strawberries. ''A. ritzemabosi'' is a migratory foliar feeding nematode. It can feed both ectoparasitically and endoparasitically, with the later causing the most significant damage. When adequate moisture is present, this nematode enters the leaves and feeds from inside the tissue. Typical damage is characterized by necrotic zones between the veins of the leaves. Its lifecycle is short; only ten days from egg to mature adult. A single female can lay as many as 3,500 eggs. This pest can be difficult to control. Host plant resistance, hot water treatments, and predatory mites are recommended. Nomenclature and Synon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aphelenchoides Fragariae
Strawberry foliar nematode, or strawberry crimp nematode, is a disease caused by ''Aphelenchoides fragariae'', a plant pathogenic nematode. It is common in strawberries and ornamental plants and can greatly affect plant yield and appearance, resulting in a loss of millions of dollars of revenue. Symptoms used to diagnose the disease are angular, water soaked lesions and necrotic blotches. ''Aphelenchoides fragariae'' is the nematode pathogen that causes the disease. Its biological cycle includes four life stages, three of which are juvenile. The nematode can undergo multiple life cycles in one growing season when favorable conditions are present. The crowns, runners, foliage, and new buds of the plant via stylet penetration or through the stomata can be infected. The best management practices for this disease are sanitation, prevention of induction of the pathogen to the environment, and planting clean seed or starter plants. Importance Foliar nematodes are an important pla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
