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List Of Heads Of State Of Mongolia
The Constitution of Mongolia adopted in 1992 states that the President of Mongolia is the "head of state and embodiment of the unity of the Mongolian people". Mongolia declared its independence from the Qing dynasty during the Mongolian Revolution of 1911, under the Bogd Khan (the 8th Jebtsundamba Khutuktu). From 1911 to 1924, the head of state of Mongolia was nominally the Bogd Khan. During 1924 to 1992, during the Mongolian People's Republic, the official title of the head of state underwent several changes, including Chairman of the State Great Khural, Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural, Chairman of the Presidium of the State Great Khural, and finally, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Khural. Heads of state of Mongolia (1911–present) (Dates in italics indicate ''de facto'' continuation of office) Timeline See also *List of Mongol rulers *President of Mongolia *Prime Minister of Mongolia ** List of prime ministers of Mongolia Notes R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Mongol Rulers
The following is a list of Mongol rulers. The list of states is chronological but follows the development of different dynasties. Khamag Mongol (1120s–1206) * Kaidu – the first Khan to unite the Mongol clans * Khabul Khan – the first Khan of the Khamag Mongol confederation * Ambaghai Khan * Hotula Khan * Yesugei ''(de facto)'' * Genghis Khan Mongol Empire (1206–1368) Great Khans and Yuan dynasty Before Kublai Khan announced the dynastic name "Great Yuan" in 1271, Khagans (Great Khans) of the Mongol Empire (''Ikh Mongol Uls'') already started to use the Chinese title of Emperor () practically in the Chinese language since Genghis Khan (as ). With the establishment of the Yuan dynasty in 1271, the Kublaids became Yuan emperors, who took on a dual identity of Khagan for the Mongols and Huangdi for ethnic Han. *Genghis Khan (1206–1227) *Tolui Khan (as Regent) (1227–1229) *Ögedei Khan (1229–1241) *Töregene Khatun (as Regent) (1241–1246) *Güyük K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jamtsangiin Damdinsüren
Jamtsangiin Damdinsüren ( Mongolian: Жамцангийн Дамдинсүрэн) (1898–1938) was a Mongolian politician, member of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) and titular Head of state of Mongolia from the period of January 16, 1927 to January 23, 1929. Biography Damdinsüren was born in Sain Noyon Khan Aimag (present day Zavkhan Province). As a young child he studied Tibetan language and classical Mongolian script. At age 16 he became a clerk in the local government. In 1923 he was appointed chief of staff of the new rural district in present-day Uliastai. In 1925 he was elected as a delegate to the Fourth Congress of the Mongolian Revolutionary Youth League (MRYL). At this congress Damdinsuren was elected a member of the Presidium and head of the Central Committee of the MYRL. At the MPRP Fifth Congress he was elected member of the Great Hural which in turn elected him a member of the Small Khural. At the Sixth Party Congress in early 1927 he wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat
Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat ( mn, Пунсалмаагийн Очирбат; born 23 January 1942) is a Mongolian political figure and a current member of the Constitutional Court of Mongolia. He served as a president of Mongolia from 1990 to 1997 first as Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Khural in 1990 then, as the President of the Mongolia from 1990 to 1997, he is the first President of Mongolia to be elected by direct popular vote. Early life and career Ochirbat was born on 23 January 1942 in Tüdevtei, Zavkhan, Tüdevtei district, Zavkhan Province. His father is from Govi-Altai Province. He adopted his mother's name "Punsalmaa" after his father died in 1947. From 1951 to 1960, he attended school in Ulaanbaatar and then studied at the Saint Petersburg Mining Institute, Leningrad Higher School of Mining, graduating in 1965 with a degree in mining engineering. That same year he returned to Ulaanbaatar and joined the Mongolian People's Party, Mongolian People's Revoluti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jambyn Batmönkh
Jambyn Batmönkh ( mn, Жамбын Батмөнх, ; 10 March 1926 – 14 May 1997) was a Mongolian communist political leader and economics professor. He was the leader of Mongolia during its transition into democracy in 1990. Early life Batmönkh was born in Khyargas sum of Uvs aimag on 10 March 1926. When starting primary school, he took his brother's name, Jamba, as a surname. After graduating seventh grade in his native Uvs aimag, he entered the National University of Mongolia's two year preparatory program. From 1947 to 1951, he studied at the National University's School of Economics. He met his future wife when they were both 16 years old. Both Batmönkh and Daariimaa were housed in the same dormitory, when they were studying in the National University of Mongolia's School of Economics, and the Agricultural Technical College, respectively. They were married one year later. Daariimaa worked for 33 years at the National University of Mongolia Library, until 1988, when s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nyamyn Jagvaral
Nyamyn Jagvaral ( mn, Жагварал Нямын; 4 May 1919 – 19 September 1987) was a Mongolian politician, statesman, economist, and academician who, as First Vice-Chairmen of the Presidium of the People's Great Khural, was acting Chairman (titular head of state) of the Mongolian People's Republic from August 23, 1984 to December 12, 1984 after the forced resignation of Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal for political and health reasons. Biography Jagvaral was born in 1919 in present-day Dornogovi Province. In 1938 he graduated from the Communist University of the Toilers of the East in Moscow and then 1938 to 1939 he taught high-school. He joined the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) in 1939 and from 1939 to 1940 headed the High School Party cadres. Between 1940 and 1945 he attended the Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies (the first Mongolian citizen to do so) receiving his Ph.D. in Economics in 1945. From 1945 to 1946 he was Deputy Chairman and Chairman of the State Plan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal
Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal ( mn, Юмжаагийн Цэдэнбал, ''Yumzhaagiin Tsedenbal'' ; russian: Юмжагийн Цэдэнбал, translit=Yumzhagyn Tsedenbal ; 17 September 1916 – 20 April 1991) was the leader of the Mongolian People's Republic from 1940 to 1984. During his political life, he served as Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Khural (head of state), Prime Minister of Mongolia (head of government) and General Secretary of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (head of the ruling party). He was the longest-serving leader of any Eastern Bloc country, serving over 44 years in office until his expulsion in August 1984. Early life Tsedenbal was born to a poor ethnic Dörvöd nomadic family in Zorigt Khan hoshuu of the Unen Zorigt Khan aimag (present day Davst sum in Uvs aimag). He was the fifth of eleven children in his family, with three of his siblings dying in infancy. In 1925 Tsedenbal was among the first students in the newly organiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sonomyn Luvsan
Sonomyn Luvsan ( mn, Сономын Лувсан; 1912–1994) was a prominent Mongolian politician and diplomat who was acting Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Great Khural of the Mongolian People's Republic or MPR (titular head of state) from June 29, 1972 to June 11, 1974. Career Luvsan was Minister of Finance from 1940 to 1941. During World War II Luvsan served as deputy prime minister under Khorloogiin Choibalsan. On February 21, 1949, he was appointed Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers as well as Minister of Trade. From 1957 to 1959 he served as Ambassador to the People's Republic of China. On June 17, 1959, he once again became Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers (deputy prime minister) before being appointed Ambassador to the USSR 1960 to 1964. After his appointment to the Politburo of the MPRP Committee Committee in 1963, Luvsan became one of Mongolia's most powerful politicians and was often pictured at the side of Prime Minister and Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsagaanlamyn Dügersüren
Tsagaanlamyn Dügersüren ( mn, Цагаанламын Дүгэрсүрэн; 1914-1986) was acting Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural (acting titular head of state) of Mongolian People's Republic from May 20, 1972 to June 29, 1972 following the death of Jamsrangiin Sambuu Jamsrangiin Sambuu ( mn, Жамсрангийн Самбуу; June 27, 1895 – May 21, 1972) was a Mongolian politician and diplomat who, as chairman of the presidium of the Mongolian People's Republic People's Great Khural, served as the effecti .... References External links Presidents of Mongolia {{DEFAULTSORT:Dugersuren, Tsagaanlamyn 1986 deaths 1914 births Communism in Mongolia Mongolian communists Presidents of Mongolia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jamsrangiin Sambuu
Jamsrangiin Sambuu ( mn, Жамсрангийн Самбуу; June 27, 1895 – May 21, 1972) was a Mongolian politician and diplomat who, as chairman of the presidium of the Mongolian People's Republic People's Great Khural, served as the effective president of the Mongolian People's Republic from 1954 until his death in 1972. Early life and career Sambuu was born in 1895 in what is now Büren sum of Töv Province. The son of a shepherd and cattle farmer, he became a clerk in local and provincial administrations at age 16. Following the Mongolian Revolution of 1921, he joined the Mongolian People's Party (MPP) and secured an important position in the Ministry of Finance in 1922. Aligning himself with the leftist faction of the party early on, Sambuu supported the purges and executions of both Dogsomyn Bodoo in 1922 and party leader Soliin Danzan in 1924. In 1926 he was named chief accountant for state receipts and expenditures and called for a tax hike on foreigners (i.e. Chin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa
Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa ( mn, Сүхбаатарын Янжмаа, spelled ''Sykebaatariin Janƶimaa'' between 1931 and 1941, ; born Nemendeyen Yanjmaa, mn, Нэмэндэен Янжмаа; 15 February 1893 – 1 May 1962) was a Mongolian politician. As Chairwoman of the Presidium of the State Great Khural, she became the second woman in history to be a non-hereditary head of state after Khertek Anchimaa-Toka of Tannu Tuva, and the first in a sovereign country. She was the widow of Mongolian revolutionary leader Damdin Sükhbaatar. Life Yanjmaa was born on February 15, 1893, into a poor herding family near present-day Ulaanbaatar. She worked for Sükhbaatar's revolutionary group as a messenger in 1919 and when her husband travelled to the Soviet Union in 1920 to establish contact with Bolshevik revolutionaries, Yanjmaa stayed behind in Ulaanbaatar with their son, evading capture from Chinese officials hunting down subversives. In 1921 Khorloogiin Choibalsan helped her and her s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gonchigiin Bumtsend
Gonchigiin Bumtsend ( mn, Гончигийн Бумцэнд; 11 September 1881 – 23 September 1953) was a Mongolian revolutionary who held several high level positions within the Mongolian government in the 1940s and early 1950s. He was Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural (titular head of state) of the Mongolian People's Republic from July 1940 until his death, 1953. Early life and career Bumtsend was born on 11 September 1881 in Züünbürenhanuul Hoshuu, Tüsheet Khan Province (present day Yeröö district, Selenge Province). The son of a poor herding family, Bumtsend taught himself to read and write Mongolian script at age 13 and helped illiterate herdsmen in his area write petitions to the government. In his youth he worked as a woodworker and a cart driver at a horse relay station. During the Bogd Khanaate he worked as a laborer in Khüree (present day Ulaanbaatar). Bumtsend made his first contact with Mongolian revolutionaries in 1920 while working ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dansranbilegiin Dogsom
Dansranbilegiin Dogsom ( mn, Дансранбилэгийн Догсом; 1884 – July 27, 1941) was a prominent Mongolian revolutionary leader and post-Revolution political figure in Mongolian People's Republic. He served as Chairman of the Presidium of the State Little Khural (titular head of state) of the Mongolian People's Republic from 1936 until he was purged in 1939. Early life and career Dogsom was born in 1884 in present-day Bayan-Ovoo district of Khentii Province. Literate at an early age, he first worked as a scribe in his district and provincial assemblies, and then at the ministry of finance during the Bogd Khaanate. In 1915 he participated as a scribe in negotiations that led to the Treaty of Kyakhta. Outer Mongolian revolution of 1921 In 1919 Dogsom joined the revolutionary resistance group Züün Khüree (East Khüree), which counted Soliin Danzan and Damdin Sükhbaatar among its members. On June 25, 1920, Züün Khüree merged with the Konsulyn Denj group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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