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List Of Designer Drugs
Designer drugs are structural or functional analogues of controlled substances that are designed to mimic the pharmacological effects of the parent drug while avoiding detection or classification as illegal. Many of the older designer drugs (research chemicals) are structural analogues of psychoactive tryptamines or phenethylamines but there are many other chemically unrelated new psychoactive substances that can be considered part of the designer drug group. Designer drugs can also include substances that are not psychoactive in effect, such as analogues of controlled anabolic steroids and other performance and image enhancing drugs (PIEDs), including nootropics, weight loss drugs and erectile dysfunction medications. The pharmaceutical activities of these compounds might not be predictable based strictly upon structural examination. Many of the substances have common effects while structurally different or different effects while structurally similar due to SAR paradox. As a res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serotonin
Serotonin () or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter. Its biological function is complex and multifaceted, modulating mood, cognition, reward, learning, memory, and numerous physiological processes such as vomiting and vasoconstriction. Approximately 90% of the serotonin that the body produces is in the intestinal tract. Biochemically, the indoleamine molecule derives from the amino acid tryptophan, via the (rate-limiting) hydroxylation of the 5 position on the ring (forming the intermediate 5-hydroxytryptophan), and then decarboxylation to produce serotonin. Serotonin is primarily found in the enteric nervous system located in the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract). However, it is also produced in the central nervous system (CNS), specifically in the raphe nuclei located in the brainstem, Merkel cells located in the skin, pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and taste receptor cells in the tongue. Additionally, serotonin is stored in blood platelets and is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MiPLA
Methylisopropyllysergamide (lysergic acid methylisopropyl amide, MIPLA) is an analogue of LSD that was originally discovered by Albert Hofmann at Sandoz during the original structure-activity research into LSD. It has subsequently been investigated in more detail by the team led by David E. Nichols at Purdue University. Methylisopropyllysergamide is a structural isomer of LSD, with the alkyl groups on the amide nitrogen having been subjected to a methylene shuffle. MIPLA and its ethylisopropyl homologue are the only simple N,N-dialkyl lysergamides that approach the potency of LSD itself, being around 1/3-1/2 the potency of LSD, while all other dialkyl analogues tested (dimethyl, dipropyl, methylethyl etc.) are only around 1/10 as potent as LSD, although some N-monoalkyl lysergamides such as the ''sec''-butyl and ''t''-butyl derivatives were also found to show an activity profile and potency comparable to LSD, and the mono-isopropyl derivative is only slightly weaker than MIPLA. Ap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LSM-775
''N''-Morpholinyllysergamide (LSM-775) is a derivative of ergine. It is less potent than LSD but is reported to have some LSD-like effects at doses ranging from 75 to 700 micrograms and a shorter duration. There are fewer signs of cardiovascular stimulation and peripheral toxicity with LSM-775 compared to LSD. See also * 1cP-LSD * 1B-LSD * 1P-ETH-LAD * 1P-LSD * 1V-LSD * ALD-52 * AL-LAD * ETH-LAD * Lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide (LSZ) * Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) * O-Acetylpsilocin (4-AcO-DMT) * PRO-LAD PRO-LAD is an analogue of LSD. It is described by Alexander Shulgin in the book TiHKAL. PRO-LAD is a psychedelic drug Psychedelics are a subclass of hallucinogenic drugs whose primary effect is to trigger non-ordinary states of consciousn ... References Lysergamides 4-Morpholinyl compunds Serotonin receptor agonists Designer drugs {{hallucinogen-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ETH-LAD
ETH-LAD, 6-ethyl-6-''nor''-lysergic acid diethylamide is an analogue of LSD. Its human psychopharmacology was first described by Alexander Shulgin in the book TiHKAL. ETH-LAD is a psychedelic drug similar to LSD, and is slightly more potent than LSD itself, with an active dose reported at between 20 and 150 micrograms. ETH-LAD has subtly different effects to LSD, described as less demanding. Legality On June 10, 2014 the UK Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD) recommended that ETH-LAD be specifically named in the UK Misuse of Drugs Act as a class A drug despite not identifying it as ever having been sold or any harm associated with its use. The UK Home office accepted this advice and announced a ban of the substance to be enacted on 6 January 2015. ETH-LAD is illegal in Switzerland as of December 2015. See also * Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) * 1cP-LSD * 1B-LSD * 1P-LSD * 1V-LSD * ALD-52 * 1cP-AL-LAD * AL-LAD * 1P-ETH-LAD * PRO-LAD * LSM-775 * LSZ * O-Ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AL-LAD
AL-LAD, also known as 6-allyl-6-''nor''-LSD, is a psychedelic drug and an analog of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It is described by Alexander Shulgin in the book '' TiHKAL'' (''Tryptamines i Have Known And Loved''). It is synthesized starting from nor-LSD as a precursor, using allyl bromide as a reactant. Effects in humans While AL-LAD has subtly different effects than LSD, and appears to be slightly shorter lasting, their potencies are similar; an active dose of AL-LAD is reported to be between 50 and 150 micrograms. AL-LAD has a known but short and highly uncommon history of recreational human use, which originated in Ireland and the UK, but spread internationally. Chemistry AL-LAD does not cause a color change with the Marquis, Mecke or Mandelin reagents, but does cause the Ehrlich's reagent to turn purple because of the presence of the indole moiety in its structure. Legal status AL-LAD is not scheduled by the United Nations' Convention on Psychotropic Substanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ALD-52
ALD-52, also known as 1-acetyl-LSD, is a chemical analogue of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It was originally discovered by Albert Hofmann in 1957 but was not widely studied until the rise in popularity of psychedelics in the 1960s. Effects In Entry 26 of his compendium ''TiHKAL'', which discussed LSD, chemist Alexander Shulgin touched briefly on the subject of ALD-52. His comments there are vague, second-hand accounts saying doses in the 50–175 µg range have resulted in various conclusions. One account found that there was less visual distortion than with LSD and it seemed to produce less anxiety and tenseness and that it was somewhat less potent. Another informant claimed it was more effective in increasing blood pressure. Yet another informant could not tell them apart. Safety In ''The Hallucinogens'' by Hoffer and Osmond (1967), ALD-52 is listed as having a lower (approximately 1/5) ''intravenous'' toxicity (in rabbits), a lower (approximately 1/8) pyretogen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1V-LSD
1V-LSD or 1-valeryl-D-lysergic acid diethylamide is a psychotropic substance and a research chemical with psychedelic effects. 1V-LSD is an artificial derivative of natural lysergic acid, which occurs in ergot alkaloids, as well as being an analogue of LSD. 1V-LSD has been sold online since a recent amendment to the German NpSG was enforced which controls 1P-LSD and now 1cP-LSD and several other lysergamides. Pharmacology As demonstrated with other N-acylated derivatives of LSD, 1V-LSD is believed to serve as a prodrug for LSD but may also act as a weak partial agonist at the 5-HT2A receptor. Animal studies A Head-twitch response assay in mice found that 1V-LSD has a similar potency to 1P-LSD and 1cP-LSD, with behavioral effects also closely resembling these structural analogs. Chemistry 1V-LSD is the condensation product of valeric acid (pentanoic acid) and LSD, where the valeroyl group is substituted on the NH position of the indole moiety. Ehrlich's reagent is us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1P-LSD
1P-LSD or 1-propionyl-lysergic acid diethylamide is a psychedelic drug of the lysergamide class that is a derivative and functional analogue of LSD and a homologue of ALD-52. It has been sold online as a designer drug since 2015. It modifies the LSD molecule by adding a propionyl group to the nitrogen molecule of LSD's indole. Pharmacology Since LSD is detected when 1P-LSD is incubated in human serum, 1P-LSD acts, at least in part, as a prodrug for LSD. Effects The effects profile of 1P-LSD is not well defined in the scientific literature. It is generally thought to be comparable to that of LSD. A study in 2020 found that intravenous administration of 1P-LSD has a somewhat shorter duration than LSD in humans. 1P-LSD is present for a very short time (4 hours) prior to being completed metabolized to LSD. The 2020 study found that it is not possible to reliably distinguish between the oral uptake of LSD and 1P-LSD until unique metabolites are detected by sensitive analytic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1P-ETH-LAD
1P-ETH-LAD (1-propionyl-6-ethyl-6-nor-lysergic acid diethylamide) is an analog of LSD. 1P-ETH-LAD is a psychedelic drug similar to LSD. Research has shown formation of ETH-LAD from 1P-ETH-LAD incubated in human serum, suggesting that it functions as a prodrug. It is part of the lysergamide chemical class. Like ETH-LAD, this drug has been reported to be significantly more potent than LSD itself, and is reported to largely mimic ETH-LAD's psychedelic effects. 1P-ETH-LAD has little history of human usage before January 2016. Legal issues * United States: 1P-ETH-LAD may be considered illegal in the U.S. for human consumption under the Federal Analogue Act. * United Kingdom: It is illegal to produce, supply, or import this substance under the Psychoactive Substance Act, which came into effect on May 26th, 2016. See also * Research chemical * Designer drugs A designer drug is a structural or functional analog of a controlled substance that has been designed to mimic the pharm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1P-AL-LAD
1P-AL-LAD is a derivative of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) which has psychedelic effects and has been sold as a designer drug. It is believed to act as a prodrug for AL-LAD and produces a head-twitch response in animal studies. See also * 1cP-AL-LAD * 1P-ETH-LAD 1P-ETH-LAD (1-propionyl-6-ethyl-6-nor-lysergic acid diethylamide) is an analog of LSD. 1P-ETH-LAD is a psychedelic drug similar to LSD. Research has shown formation of ETH-LAD from 1P-ETH-LAD incubated in human serum, suggesting that it functions ... References Lysergamides Carboxamides Tertiary amines Diethylamino compounds {{hallucinogen-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
