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Lecanoromycetidae
The Lecanoromycetidae are a subclass of fungi in the class Lecanoromycetes. This subclass contains five orders: the Caliciales , the Lecanorales , the Lecideales , the Leprocaulales , the Peltigerales , the Rhizocarpales , and the Teloschistales The Teloschistales are an order of mostly lichen-forming fungi belonging to the class Lecanoromycetes in the division Ascomycota. According to one 2008 estimate, the order contains 5 families, 66 genera, and 1954 species. The predominant photobi ... . References Lecanoromycetes Lichen subclasses Fungus subclasses Taxa described in 2007 {{Lecanoromycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helocarpaceae
Helocarpaceae is a family of lichen-forming fungi in the subclass Lecanoromycetidae. The family is monotypic, and contains the single genus ''Helocarpon''. Systematics The family is classified as incertae sedis with respect to ordinal placement in the class Lecanoromycetidae, as there is no reliable molecular data available to establish phylogenetic relationships with similar taxa. Genus ''Helocarpon'' was circumscribed by Swedish botanist Theodor Magnus Fries (1832–1913), in 1860, with ''Helocarpon crassipes'' assigned as the type species, which grows over moss. It was originally found in Finnmark in Norway. Joseph Hafellner in 1984 described a new monotypic family, ''Helocarpaceae'' to contain the genus ''Helocarpon''. Then Eriksson et al in 2004, placed ''Helocarpon'' as a genus within the ''Micareaceae'' family, along with genera; ''Micarea'', ''Psilolechia'', '' Roccellinastrum'' and ''Scutula''. In 2005, molecular phylogeny based on mitochondrial rDNA sequences showed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biatorellaceae
Biatorellaceae is a family of lichen-forming fungi in the subclass Lecanoromycetidae. The family is monotypic, and contains the single genus ''Biatorella'', which contains eight species. Species in the genus have a cosmopolitan distribution, they are also found in northern temperate regions, especially in Europe. but also in tropical Central America, Africa and Asia (such as India). As well as Australia. Systematics The family is classified as incertae sedis with respect to ordinal placement in the Lecanoromycetidae, as there is no reliable molecular data available to establish phylogenetic relationships with similar taxa. Genus ''Biatorella'' was circumscribed by Italian botanist Giuseppe De Notaris in 1846, with '' Biatorella rousselii'' assigned as the type species. The family Biatorellaceae was originally proposed by French lichenologist Maurice Choisy in 1949, but he did not publish the name validly. Josef Hafellner and Manuel Casares published the name validly in 1992. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanoromycetes is the largest class of lichenized fungi. It belongs to the subphylum Pezizomycotina in the phylum Ascomycota. The asci (spore-bearing cells) of the Lecanoromycetes most often release spores by rostrate dehiscence. Genera of uncertain placement The are several genera in the Lecanoromycetes that have not been placed into any order or family. These are: *''Argopsis'' – 1 sp. *''Ascographa ''Ascographa'' is a genus of fungi in the Helotiales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (''incertae sedis''), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family. This is a monotypic In b ...'' - 1 sp. *'' Bartlettiella'' – 1 sp. *'' Bouvetiella'' – 1 sp. *'' Buelliastrum'' – 1 sp. *'' Haploloma'' – 1 sp. *'' Hosseusia'' – 3 spp. *'' Korfiomyces'' – 1 sp. *'' Maronella'' – 1 sp. *'' Notolecidea'' – 1 sp. *'' Petractis'' – 3 spp. *'' Piccolia'' – 10 spp. *'' Ravenelula'' – 2 spp. *'' R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pachyascaceae
''Pachyascus'' is the sole genus in the family Pachyascaceae. It contains a single species, the lichen ''Pachyascus lapponicus''. Both the genus and species were described as new to science in 1968 by lichenologists Josef Poelt and Hannes Hertel. ''P. lapponicus'' was originally collected from Lapland, a province in northern Sweden. The lichen has several unusual characteristics: it grows exclusively along with the rock moss ''Andreaea'', it bears goniocyst-like parts (goniocysts are small aggregations of photobiont cells surrounded by fungal hyphae) and produces tiny apothecia that stand in the leaf axils of the moss, and it has thick asci. Poelt and Hertel thought the species occupied a basal position in the order Lecanorales, and Poelt tentatively placed it in its own family, Pachyascaceae in a 1974 publication. This family was formally published in 2001. In 2020, it was classed within the Lecanoromycetidae The Lecanoromycetidae are a subclass of fungi in the class Lec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizocarpales
Rhizocarpales are an order of lichen-forming fungi in the subclass Lecanoromycetidae of the class Lecanoromycetes. It has two families, Rhizocarpaceae and Sporastatiaceae, which contain mostly crustose lichens. Taxonomy The order was originally proposed by lichenologists Jolanta MiÄ…dlikowska and Francois Lutzoni in 2007, following a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Lecanoromycetes. However, the name was not validly published according to article 32.1(d) of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, because it was not "accompanied by a description or diagnosis or by a reference to a previously and effectively published description or diagnosis". The authors published the name validly in 2016. In 2017, Divakar and colleagues used a then-recently developed "temporal phylogenetic" approach to identify temporal bands for specific taxonomic ranks in the Lecanoromycetes, suggesting that groups of species that diverged within the temporal band of 176â ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhizocarpon Geographicum
''Rhizocarpon geographicum'' (the map lichen) is a species of lichen, which grows on rocks in mountainous areas of low air pollution. Each lichen is a flat patch bordered by a black line of fungal hyphae. These patches grow adjacent to each other, leading to the appearance of a map or a patchwork field. When circular, or roughly circular, the diameter of this lichen species has been widely used to help determining the relative age of deposits, e.g. moraine systems, thus revealing evidence of glacial advances. The process is termed lichenometry. This technique is generally attributed to the work of Roland Beschel in the Alps. Lichenometry is based on the assumption that the largest lichen growing on a rock is the oldest individual. Generally, the five largest lichen thalli diameters are taken, although several statistical methods have been used. If the growth rate is known, the maximum lichen size will give a minimum age for when this rock was deposited. The growth rate curve, a g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichen Subclasses
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Order (biology)
Order ( la, wikt:ordo#Latin, ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between Family_(biology), family and Class_(biology), class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. Fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vezdaeaceae
''Vezdaea'' is a genus of crustose lichens in the monotypic family Vezdaeaceae, which itself is the only taxon in the order Vezdaeales. The genus was circumscribed by Elisabeth Tschermak-Woess and Josef Poelt in 1976. The genus name honours Czech lichenologist AntonÃn VÄ›zda AntonÃn (Toni) VÄ›zda (25 November 1920 – 10 November 2008) was a Czech lichenologist. After completing a university education that was postponed by World War II, VÄ›zda taught botany at the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech U ... (1920-2008). Species *'' Vezdaea acicularis'' *'' Vezdaea aestivalis'' *'' Vezdaea cobria'' *'' Vezdaea dawsoniae'' *'' Vezdaea flava'' *'' Vezdaea foliicola'' *'' Vezdaea leprosa'' *'' Vezdaea obscura'' *'' Vezdaea poeltiana'' *'' Vezdaea polyspora'' *'' Vezdaea retigera'' *'' Vezdaea rheocarpa'' *'' Vezdaea schuyleriana'' *'' Vezdaea stipitata'' References Pezizomycotina Lichen genera Taxa described in 1976 Ascomycota genera Taxa na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incertae Sedis
' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty at specific taxonomic levels is indicated by ' (of uncertain family), ' (of uncertain suborder), ' (of uncertain order) and similar terms. Examples *The fossil plant '' Paradinandra suecica'' could not be assigned to any family, but was placed ''incertae sedis'' within the order Ericales when described in 2001. * The fossil ''Gluteus minimus'', described in 1975, could not be assigned to any known animal phylum. The genus is therefore ''incertae sedis'' within the kingdom Animalia. * While it was unclear to which order the New World vultures (family Cathartidae) should be assigned, they were placed in Aves ''incertae sedis''. It was later agreed to place them in a separate order, Cathartiformes. * Bocage's longbill, ''Motacilla bocagii' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lumbsch
Helge Thorsten Lumbsch (born 1964) is a German-born lichenologist living in the United States. His research interests include the phylogeny, taxonomy, and phylogeography of lichen-forming fungi; lichen diversity; lichen chemistry and chemotaxonomy. He is the Associate Curator and Head of Cryptogams and Chair of the Department of Botany at the Field Museum of Natural History. Biography Lumbsch was born in Frankfurt in 1964. Interested in lichens already as a schoolboy, he studied natural sciences at the University of Marburg, under the tutelage of Aino Henssen. He received his diploma in 1989, with a dissertation titled ''Ontogenetisch-systematische Studien der Trapeliaceae und verwandter Familien (Lichenisierte Ascomyceten)'' ("Ontogenic-systematic studies of the Trapeliaceae and related families (lichenized ascomycetes"). After Henssen's retirement in 1990, he transferred to the University in Essen, where he worked on the ''Lecanora subfusca'' group in Australasia, a subject t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
