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Latenivenatrix Mcmasterae
''Latenivenatrix'' (meaning "hiding huntress") is a genus of troodontid known from one species, ''L. mcmasterae''. Along with the contemporary '' Stenonychosaurus'', it is known from the non-tooth fossils formerly assigned to the genus '' Troodon''. Although described as separate, it has been considered a junior synonym of ''Stenonychosaurus''. Discovery and specimens The type specimen or holotype of ''Latenivenatrix'', CMN 12340, was originally described in 1969 by Dale Alan Russell and referred by him to the genus '' Stenonychosaurus''. In 1987 it was referred to '' Troodon''. It had been collected in 1968 by Irene Vanderloh in the Dinosaur Park Formation strata from Alberta, southern Canada. The specimen has preserved some skull bones ( frontals, parietals, postorbital, basioccipital and basisphenoid), four vertebrae and four ribs, some chevrons and gastralia, fairly complete forelimb and incomplete hindlimbs. Moreover, three additional specimens coming from the same ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campanian
The Campanian is the fifth of six ages of the Late Cretaceous Epoch on the geologic timescale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). In chronostratigraphy, it is the fifth of six stages in the Upper Cretaceous Series. Campanian spans the time from 83.6 (± 0.2) to 72.1 (± 0.2) million years ago. It is preceded by the Santonian and it is followed by the Maastrichtian. The Campanian was an age when a worldwide sea level rise covered many coastal areas. The morphology of some of these areas has been preserved: it is an unconformity beneath a cover of marine sedimentary rocks. Etymology The Campanian was introduced in scientific literature by Henri Coquand in 1857. It is named after the French village of Champagne in the department of Charente-Maritime. The original type locality was a series of outcrop near the village of Aubeterre-sur-Dronne in the same region. Definition The base of the Campanian Stage is defined as a place in the stratigraphic column wher ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metatarsal Bones
The metatarsal bones, or metatarsus, are a group of five long bones in the foot, located between the tarsal bones of the hind- and mid-foot and the phalanges of the toes. Lacking individual names, the metatarsal bones are numbered from the medial side (the side of the great toe): the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal (often depicted with Roman numerals). The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpal bones of the hand. The lengths of the metatarsal bones in humans are, in descending order, second, third, fourth, fifth, and first. Structure The five metatarsals are dorsal convex long bones consisting of a shaft or body, a base (proximally), and a head (distally).Platzer 2004, p. 220 The body is prismoid in form, tapers gradually from the tarsal to the phalangeal extremity, and is curved longitudinally, so as to be concave below, slightly convex above. The base or posterior extremity is wedge-shaped, articulating proximally with the tarsal bones, and by its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troodontids
Troodontidae is a clade of bird-like theropod dinosaurs. During most of the 20th century, troodontid fossils were few and incomplete and they have therefore been allied, at various times, with many dinosaurian lineages. More recent fossil discoveries of complete and articulated specimens (including specimens which preserve feathers, eggs, embryos, and complete juveniles), have helped to increase understanding about this group. Anatomical studies, particularly studies of the most primitive troodontids, like ''Sinovenator'', demonstrate striking anatomical similarities with ''Archaeopteryx'' and primitive dromaeosaurids, and demonstrate that they are relatives comprising a clade called Paraves. Description Troodontids are a group of small, bird-like, gracile maniraptorans. All troodontids have unique features of the skull, such as large numbers of closely spaced teeth in the lower jaw. Troodontids have sickle-claws and raptorial hands, and some of the highest non-avian encephaliza ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2017 In Archosaur Paleontology
The year 2017 in archosaur paleontology was eventful. Archosaurs include the only living dinosaur group — birds — and the reptile crocodilians, plus all extinct dinosaurs, extinct crocodilian relatives, and pterosaurs. Archosaur palaeontology is the scientific study of those animals, especially as they existed before the Holocene Epoch began about 11,700 years ago. The year 2017 in paleontology included various significant developments regarding archosaurs. This article records new taxa of fossil archosaurs of every kind that have been described during the year 2017, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of archosaurs that occurred in the year 2017. General research * A study on the evolution of forelimb anatomy, musculature and joint ranges of motion from early archosaurs to sauropodomorph dinosaurs based on data from ''Mussaurus patagonicus'' and extant freshwater crocodile is published by Otero ''et al.'' (2017). Pseudosuchians Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Timeline Of Troodontid Research
This timeline of troodontid research is a chronological listing of events in the History of paleontology, history of paleontology focused on the troodontids, a group of bird-like theropod dinosaurs including animals like ''Troodon''. Troodontid remains were among the first dinosaur fossils to be reported from North America after paleontologists began performing research on the continent, specifically the genus ''Troodon'' itself. Since the type specimen of this genus was only a tooth and ''Troodon'' teeth are unusually similar to those of the unrelated thick-headed pachycephalosaurs, ''Troodon'' and its relatives would be embroiled in taxonomic confusion for over a century. ''Troodon'' was finally recognized as distinct from the pachycephalosaurs by Phil Currie in 1987 in paleontology, 1987. By that time many other species now recognized as troodontid had been discovered but had been classified in the family Saurornithoididae. Since these families were the same but the Troodontidae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Congenital Defect
A birth defect, also known as a congenital disorder, is an abnormal condition that is present at childbirth, birth regardless of its cause. Birth defects may result in disability, disabilities that may be physical disability, physical, intellectual disability, intellectual, or developmental disability, developmental. The disabilities can range from mild to severe. Birth defects are divided into two main types: structural disorders in which problems are seen with the shape of a body part and functional disorders in which problems exist with how a body part works. Functional disorders include metabolic disorder, metabolic and degenerative disease, degenerative disorders. Some birth defects include both structural and functional disorders. Birth defects may result from genetic disorder, genetic or chromosome abnormality, chromosomal disorders, exposure to certain medications or chemicals, or certain vertically transmitted infection, infections during pregnancy. Risk factors include ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linhevenator
''Linhevenator'' is a genus of short-armed troodontid theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) Bayan Mandahu Formation of Bayan Mandahu, Inner Mongolia, China. Discovery The type species ''Linhevenator tani'' was named and described in 2011 by Xu Xing, Tan Qingwei, Corwin Sullivan, Han Fenglu and Xiao Dong. The generic name combines a reference to the Linhe region with a Latin ''venator'', "hunter". The specific name honours Professor Tan Lin. The holotype of ''Linhevenator'' is specimen LHV0021, a partial skeleton of an adult individual, including a cranium and mandible, six dorsal vertebrae, a right scapula, a right humerus, the ilia, a left femur and a left foot. It was found in 2009 and represents the most complete troodontid remains known from the Upper Cretaceous. Its four autapomorphies (unique traits) include a jugal with a lateral flange, a surangular crest that is anteroventrally oriented, the presence of medial expansion near the distal end of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Troodontinae
Troodontinae is a subfamily of troodontid dinosaurs. The subfamily was first used in 2017 for the group of troodontids descended from the last common ancestor of '' Gobivenator mongoliensis'' and ''Zanabazar junior,'' but has been redefined to be the least inclusive clade containing '' Saurornithoides mongoliensis'' and ''Troodon formosus,'' utilizing the type species of the clade. Classification Below is a cladogram of the Troodontinae as published by Aaron van der Reest and Phil Currie Philip John Currie (born March 13, 1949) is a Canadian palaeontologist and museum curator who helped found the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology in Drumheller, Alberta and is now a professor at the University of Alberta in Edmonton. In the ..., in 2017. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q21357561 Troodontids Late Cretaceous dinosaurs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Latenivenatrix Left Metatarsus
''Latenivenatrix'' (meaning "hiding huntress") is a genus of troodontid known from one species, ''L. mcmasterae''. Along with the contemporary ''Stenonychosaurus'', it is known from the non-tooth fossils formerly assigned to the genus ''Troodon''. Although described as separate, it has been considered a junior synonym of ''Stenonychosaurus''. Discovery and specimens The type specimen or holotype of ''Latenivenatrix'', CMN 12340, was originally described in 1969 by Dale Alan Russell and referred by him to the genus ''Stenonychosaurus''. In 1987 it was referred to ''Troodon''. It had been collected in 1968 by Irene Vanderloh in the Dinosaur Park Formation strata from Alberta, southern Canada. The specimen has preserved some skull bones ( frontals, parietals, postorbital, basioccipital and basisphenoid), four vertebrae and four ribs, some chevrons and gastralia, fairly complete forelimb and incomplete hindlimbs. Moreover, three additional specimens coming from the same locality ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philovenator
''Philovenator'' (literally meaning "love hunter") is an extinct genus of troodontid paravian dinosaurs from the Wulansuhai Formation (dated to the Campanian age, sometime between 75 and 71 million years ago) of Inner Mongolia, China. Its specific name honors Phillip J. Currie. Description ''Philovenator'' is a troodontid, a group of small, bird-like, gracile maniraptorans. All troodontids have many unique features of the skull, such as closely spaced teeth in the lower jaw, and large numbers of teeth. Troodontids have sickle-claws and raptorial hands, and some of the highest non-avian encephalization quotients, meaning they were behaviourally advanced and had keen senses. Several distinguishing traits were established in the initial description. The thighbone possesses a distinctive process at the inner side of the lower end. The shinbone has on the upper front side a plate-like cnemial crest, protruding far to the front. The condyles of the astragalus and calcaneum are wide, m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urbacodon
''Urbacodon'' ("URBAC tooth") is a genus of troodontid dinosaur, a type of small carnivore. It lived in Uzbekistan during the early Late Cretaceous Period, about 95 million years ago. On 9 September 2004, a lower jaw of a small theropod was uncovered by Anton Sergeevich Rezwiy near Itemir in the IT-01 quarry. The type species, ''Urbacodon itemirensis'', was named by Alexandr Averianov and Hans-Dieter Sues in 2007. The first part of the generic name ''Urbacodon'' is an acronym, honouring the Uzbek, Russian, British, American and Canadian scientists who participated in its discovery. This acronym was combined with a Greek ὀδών, ''odon'', "tooth". The specific name refers to the provenance from Itemir. The name was based on the holotype ZIN PH 944/16, a single left dentary with preserved replacement teeth from the Cenomanian Dzharakuduk Formation. Averianov and Sues also identified teeth and other material, earlier described by Lev Nesov, as a ''Urbacodon'' sp. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Talos Sampsoni
''Talos'' is an extinct genus of carnivorous bird-like theropod dinosaur, an advanced troodontid which lived during the late Cretaceous period (late Campanian, about 76 Ma) in the geographic area that is now Utah, United States. Discovery ''Talos'' is known only from the holotype specimen UMNH VP 19479, a partial postcranial skeleton of a subadult individual including the hindlimbs, pelvis, vertebral fragments, chevrons and the left ulna. It was discovered and collected in 2008 by M. J. Knell during the Kaiparowits Basin Project, initiated by the University of Utah in 2000, from the Kaiparowits Formation within the Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument. It was first named by Lindsay E. Zanno, David J. Varricchio, Patrick M. O'Connor, Alan L. Titus, and Michael J. Knell in 2011 and the type species is ''Talos sampsoni''. The generic name comes from Talos, a giant bronze automaton in Greek mythology and is intended to be a pun on the English word ''talon''. The specif ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
