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Khojivank Pantheon Of Tbilisi
The Armenian Pantheon of Tbilisi, also known as Khojivank ( ka, ხოჯივანქი ''Khojivank'i''; hy, Խոջիվանք) or Khojavank ( hy, Խոջավանք), is an Armenian architectural complex in north-eastern part of Avlabari district of Tbilisi, Georgia. Many notable Armenian writers, artists and public figures are buried there. It formerly consisted of a huge memorial cemetery and the Holy Mother of God Armenian Church (St. Astvatsatsin church). The church and most part of the cemetery was destroyed in 1937, and most of the remaining part of the cemetery was destroyed between 1995 and 2004 during the construction of the Holy Trinity Cathedral of Tbilisi Cathedral (also known as Sameba Cathedral). The tiny part that remains, together with some relocated gravestones, is preserved as the Armenian Pantheon of Tbilisi. Construction and rise The area was given to Armenian Bebut-Bek of Bebutov family in 1612 by Shah Abbas by appropriate diploma. His son Aslan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tbilisi
Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), is the Capital city, capital and the List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city of Georgia (country), Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura (Caspian Sea), Kura River with a population of approximately 1.5 million people. Tbilisi was founded in the 5th century Anno Domini, AD by Vakhtang I of Iberia, and since then has served as the capital of various Georgian kingdoms and republics. Between 1801 and 1917, then part of the Russian Empire, Tiflis was the seat of the Caucasus Viceroyalty (1801–1917), Caucasus Viceroyalty, governing both the North Caucasus, northern and the Transcaucasia, southern parts of the Caucasus. Because of its location on the crossroads between Europe and Asia, and its proximity to the lucrative Silk Road, throughout history Tbilisi was a point of contention among various global powers. The city's location to this day ensures its p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khachkar
A ''khachkar'', also known as a ''khatchkar'' or Armenian cross-stone ( hy, խաչքար, , խաչ xačʿ "cross" + քար kʿar "stone") is a carved, memorial stele bearing a cross, and often with additional motifs such as rosettes, interlaces, and botanical motifs. ''Khachkars'' are characteristic of medieval Christian Armenian art.The Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture. — Oxford University Press, 2012. — Vol. 2. — P. 222.''"'Khatck'ar' rmen.:'cross-stone'Typical Armenian stone monument, comprising an upright slab (h. c. 1—3 m) carved with a cross design, usually set on a plinth or rectangular base. "'' Since 2010, khachkars, their symbolism and craftsmanship are inscribed in the UNESCO list of Intangible Cultural Heritage. Description The most common ''khachkar'' feature is a cross surmounting a rosette or a solar disc. The remainder of the stone face is typically filled with elaborate patterns of leaves, grapes, pomegranates, and bands o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hakob Hakobian (poet)
Hakob Hakobian ( hy, Հակոբ Հակոբյան; often transliterated from Russian as Akop Akopian; 29 May 1866, in Elisavetpol – 13 November 1937, in Tbilisi), was a Soviet Armenian poet, the founder of Armenian proletarian poetry. Communist party member from 1904. Awarded with the titles People's Poet of Armenia and People's Poet of Georgia. He was considered as the "Armenian Maksim Gorky" by the Bolshevik press.газета "Путь правды", 13 сентября 1914 (in Russian) Hakobian published his first book in 1899. He's the author of revolutionary poems that include ''One more cut'' (1905), ''Revolution'' (1905), ''Died but didn't disappear'' (1906), ''Red waves'' (1911), ''Shir-Kanal'' (1924) etc. Hakobian was appointed as the Bank's commissar of Soviet Georgia, he was a member of the government of Transcaucasian Federation The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (TDFR; (), (). 22 April – 28 May 1918) was a short-lived state ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Keri (fedayi)
Arshak Gavafian, better known by his '' nom de guerre'' Keri (1858 – 15 May 1916), was an Armenian fedayee military commander and member of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation.Antranig Chalabian, General Andranik and the Armenian Revolutionary Movement - Page 583 Biography Arshak Gavafian was born in Erzurum. He graduated from the local Armenian school. Gavafian had soon taken part in Armenian resistance activity. In 1895, during the Hamidian massacres in Erzurum, Gavafian led an armed group to protect Armenian people in the region and soon became their spiritual leader.K. S. Khudaverdyan, Armenian issue: Encyclopedia, 1991 - 348st; Gavafian moved to Sasun in 1903 and took part in the 1904 Sasun uprising. After moving to Vaspurakan, he was one of the organizers of the Armenian self-defense of Zangezur (in particular, Angeghakot) during the Armenian–Tatar massacres. In the following years he took part in the Persian Constitutional Revolution from 1908 to 1912 and wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armenian Revolutionary Federation
The Armenian Revolutionary Federation ( hy, Հայ Յեղափոխական Դաշնակցութիւն, ՀՅԴ ( classical spelling), abbr. ARF or ARF-D) also known as Dashnaktsutyun (collectively referred to as Dashnaks for short), is an Armenian nationalist and socialist political party founded in 1890 in Tiflis, Russian Empire (now Tbilisi, Georgia) by Christapor Mikaelian, Stepan Zorian, and Simon Zavarian. Today the party operates in Armenia, Artsakh, Lebanon, Iran and in countries where the Armenian diaspora is present. Although it has long been the most influential political party in the Armenian diaspora, it has a comparatively smaller presence in modern-day Armenia. As of October 2021, the party was represented in three national parliaments with ten seats in the National Assembly of Armenia, three seats in the National Assembly of Artsakh and three seats in the Parliament of Lebanon as part of the March 8 Alliance. The ARF has traditionally advocated socialist democracy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikol Duman
Nikol Duman ( hy, Նիկոլ Դուման), born Nikoghayos Ter-Hovhannisyan ( hy, Նիկողայոս Տեր-Հովհաննիսյան; 12 January 1867 – 23 September 1914), was an Armenian fedayee from Karabakh. Early life Nikoghayos Ter-Hovhannisyan was born to an Armenian family in the Ghshlagh village of Nagorno-Karabakh. His father was a priest. In 1887, he graduated from the Shushi diocesan school. He then taught in Armenian schools in the North Caucasus until 1891, when he moved to Tabriz, where he was a teacher and also the treasurer of the circle of local Armenian national figures. Beginning in 1893, he taught at the school in the village of Galasar, Salmas (modern Iran, near the border with Turkey), where he took an active part in the Armenian national and political life as a member of the Union of Armenian revolutionaries (later the Armenian Revolutionary Federation). Nikol was one of the three members of the committee ARF in Tabriz, along with Ovnanom Davtyan and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasili Bebutov
Vasiliy Osipovich Bebutov ( arm, Վասիլ Բեհբութով, ka, ვასილ ბებუთაშვილი / ბებუთოვი, russian: link=no, Василий Осипович Бебутов) (1 January 1791 – 7 April 1858) was an Imperial Russian general and a member of a Georgian-Armenian noble family of Bebutashvili/Bebutov. Bebutov was in the military since 1809. Served in the Russo-Turkish War of 1806–1812 and the Patriotic War of 1812. Since 1816 he was Adjutant General of the H. I. M. Retinue and served with A. P. Yermolov. During the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–29 he participated in the takeover of Akhaltsikhe and commanded the defense thereof against an attempt by Ahmed Pasha of Adjara to recapture it for the Ottomans. In 1830 he was made the governor of the Armenian Oblast. From 1844–47 he fought Imam Shamil. He was awarded the Order of Saint George of the second degree on 6 December 1853 for his services after he defeated the Ottomans in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vienna
en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST = CEST , utc_offset_DST = +2 , blank_name = Vehicle registration , blank_info = W , blank1_name = GDP , blank1_info = € 96.5 billion (2020) , blank2_name = GDP per capita , blank2_info = € 50,400 (2020) , blank_name_sec1 = HDI (2019) , blank_info_sec1 = 0.947 · 1st of 9 , blank3_name = Seats in the Federal Council , blank3_info = , blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD , blank_info_sec2 = .wien , website = , footnotes = , image_blank_emblem = Wien logo.svg , blank_emblem_size = Vienna ( ; german: Wien ; ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghazaros Aghayan
Ghazaros (Lazarus) Aghayan ( hy, Ղազարոս Աղայեան; ) was an Armenian writer, educator, folklorist, historian, linguist and public figure. Biography Aghayan was born in Bolnisi village (also known as Bolnis-Khachen), Tiflis Governorate (now Georgia). He received his early education in Bolnisi, and at the age of thirteen he entered to the Nersisyan School in Tiflis. He left the school after one year because of his family's financial problems. Aghayan traveled between Tiflis, Moscow, and Saint-Petersburg. In Moscow he cooperated with ''Hyusisapayl'' journal of Stepanos Nazarian, also worked as typesetter. Throughout his life he pursued many careers and professions. He was a hunter, a factory worker and a farm labourer before he joined fellow writer Mikael Nalbandian in the Armenian cultural and intellectual revival of the 19th century. In 1867 he returned to the Caucasus, worked as the manager of Etchmiadzin publishing house, and as an editor of “Ararat” monthly ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grigor Artsruni
Grigor Artsruni (also spelled as Krikor Ardzruni) ( hy, Գրիգոր Արծրունի; 27 February 1845 – 19 December 1892) was an Armenian journalist, critic, writer and public activist, Doctor of Political Economy and Philosophy (degreed by Heidelberg University in 1869). In 1872, he began publishing the ''Mshak'' magazine, being its editor and manager until his death. He studied at Moscow and Saint Petersburg universities, studied Armenian at Mekhitarists centers in Europe ( Vienna and San Lazzaro, Venice). In 1872, he established and edited '' Mshak'' (Մշակ/Cultivator), the basis of Armenian liberalism. He had been its editor and manager until his death. Artsruni marked the necessity of development of capitalism in Armenia, supported the idea of armed resistance as a solution for the Armenian question. Artsruni was a mentor to the Armenian writer Raffi (1835–1888). Works * ''The economic situation of the Armenians in Turkey'', (Original: Թիւրքաց հ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sayat-Nova
Sayat-Nova (Armenian: Սայեաթ-Նովայ ( сlassical), Սայաթ-Նովա (reformed); ka, საიათნოვა; ; ; born Harutyun Sayatyan; 14 June 1712 – 22 September 1795) was an Armenian poet, musician and ''ashugh'', who had compositions in a number of languages. Name The name Sayat-Nova has been given several interpretations. One version reads the name as "Lord of Song" (from Arabic ''sayyid'' and Persian ''nava'') or "King of Songs". Others read the name as grandson (Persian ''neve'') of Sayad or hunter (''sayyad'') of song. Charles Dowsett considers all these derivations to be unlikely and proposes the reading New Time (from Arabic ''sa'at'' and Russian ''nova'') instead. Biography Sayat-Nova's mother, Sara, was born in Tiflis, and his father, Karapet, either in Aleppo or Adana. He was born in Tiflis. Sayat Nova was skilled in writing poetry, singing, and playing the kamancheh, Chonguri, Tambur. He lost his position at the royal court when he fel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
26 Commissars
The 26 Baku Commissars were Bolshevik and Left Socialist Revolutionary (SR) members of the Baku Commune. The commune was established in the city of Baku, which was then the capital of the briefly independent Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, and is now the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The commune, led by Stepan Shahumyan, existed until 26 July 1918 when the Bolsheviks were forced out of power by a coalition of Dashnaks, Right SRs, and Mensheviks. After their overthrow, the Baku commissars attempted to leave Baku but were captured by the Centrocaspian Dictatorship and imprisoned. On 14 September 1918, during the fall of Baku to Ottoman forces, Red Army soldiers broke into their prison and freed the commissars; they then boarded a ship to Krasnovodsk, where they were promptly arrested by local authorities and, on the night of 20 September 1918, executed by a firing squad between the stations of Pereval and Akhcha-Kuyma on the Transcaspian Railway by soldiers of the Ash ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
