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Khmer Bleu
The Sangkum Reastr Niyum ( km, សង្គមរាស្ត្រនិយម, , ;Headly, Robert K.; Chhor, Kylin; Lim, Lam Kheng; Kheang, Lim Hak; Chun, Chen. 1977. ''Cambodian-English Dictionary''. Bureau of Special Research in Modern Languages. The Catholic University of America Press. Washington, D.C. french: Communauté socialiste populaire), usually translated as Popular People's Socialist Community and commonly known simply as the Sangkum ( km, សង្គម, ; ), was a political organisation set up on 22 March 1955 by Prince Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia.Dommen, A. ''The Indochinese experience of the French and the Americans'', Indiana University Press, 2001, p.318 Though it described itself as a 'movement' rather than a political party (members had to abjure membership of any political group), the Sangkum retained control of the government of Cambodia throughout the first administration of Sihanouk, from 1955 to 1970. Central to the Sangkum ideology were national ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norodom Sihanouk
Norodom Sihanouk (; km, នរោត្តម សីហនុ, ; 31 October 192215 October 2012) was a Cambodian statesman, Sangkum and FUNCINPEC politician, Norodom Sihanouk filmography, film director, and composer who led Cambodia in various capacities throughout his long career, most often as both Monarchy of Cambodia, King and Prime Minister of Cambodia. In Cambodia, he is known as Samdech Euv ( km, សម្តេចឪ, link=no, ; meaning "King Father"). During his lifetime, Cambodia was under various regimes, from French protectorate of Cambodia, French colonial rule (until 1953), Cambodia (1953–1970), an independent kingdom (1953–1970), Khmer Republic, a republic (1970–1975), Democratic Kampuchea, the Khmer Rouge regime (1975–1979), People's Republic of Kampuchea, another communist regime (1979–1989), State of Cambodia (1989–1993), a state (1989–1993) to finally Kingdom of Cambodia, another kingdom (since 1993). Sihanouk was the only child of Prince No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cambodia Under Sihanouk (1954–1970)
Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, Romanization of Khmer#UNGEGN, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailand to Cambodia–Thailand border, the northwest, Laos to Cambodia–Laos border, the north, Vietnam to Cambodia–Vietnam border, the east, and the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest. The Capital city, capital and largest city is Phnom Penh. The sovereign state of Cambodia has a population of over 17 million. Buddhism in Cambodia, Buddhism is enshrined in the constitution as the official state religion, and is practised by more than 97% of the population. Cambodia's minority groups include Vietnamese people, Vietnamese, Han Chinese, Chinese, Chams and 30 Khmer Loeu, hill tribes. Cambodia has a tropical monsoon climate of two seasons, and the country is made up of a Geography of Cambodia, central floodplain around t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marxism
Marxism is a Left-wing politics, left-wing to Far-left politics, far-left method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a Materialism, materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand Social class, class relations and social conflict and a dialectical perspective to view social transformation. It originates from the works of 19th-century German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. As Marxism has developed over time into various branches and schools of thought, no single, definitive Marxist philosophy, Marxist theory exists. In addition to the schools of thought which emphasize or modify elements of classical Marxism, various Marxian concepts have been incorporated and adapted into a diverse array of Social theory, social theories leading to widely varying conclusions. Alongside Marx's critique of political economy, the defining characteristics of Marxism have often been described using the terms dialectical mater ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialism
Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes the economic, political and social theories and movements associated with the implementation of such systems. Social ownership can be state/public, community, collective, cooperative, or employee. While no single definition encapsulates the many types of socialism, social ownership is the one common element. Different types of socialism vary based on the role of markets and planning in resource allocation, on the structure of management in organizations, and from below or from above approaches, with some socialists favouring a party, state, or technocratic-driven approach. Socialists disagree on whether government, particularly existing government, is the correct vehicle for change. Socialist systems are divided into non-market and market f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pracheachon
The Krom Pracheachon ( km, ក្រុមប្រជាជន ; "People's Group"), often referred to simply as Pracheachon, was a Cambodian political party that contested in parliamentary elections in 1955, 1958 and 1972. For much of its existence the party was a legal front organisation for the clandestine Communist Party of Kampuchea. Formation The Pracheachon came into existence as a result of the Geneva Accords of 1954. This guaranteed Cambodia's independence and neutrality, with parliamentary elections to be held the following year. Many of the Cambodians fighting for independence (notably members of the United Issarak Front) had been associated with the Viet Minh, who now agreed to withdraw their units from Cambodia: a large number of Khmer leftists, led by veteran Issarak Son Ngoc Minh, departed for Hanoi, where they were to remain for the next twenty years. Those leftists who remained were encouraged to form a legal political party to contest elections: this was the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Democratic Party (Cambodia)
The Democratic Party ( km, ក្រុមប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ, , ; french: Parti démocrate), commonly referred to as The Democrats, was a left-wing pro-independence political party formed in 1946 by Prince Sisowath Youtevong, who had previously been a member of the French Section of the Workers' International. It was the sole dominant party in Cambodia from 1946 until the creation of Sangkum in 1955. Its slogan was "Peace, Independence, Discipline and Courage" and its electoral symbol an elephant's head and three lotus flowers.Martin, M. A. ''Cambodia: a shattered society'', Univ. of California Press, p. 51 In the colonial-era government In the first elections to colonial Cambodia's Constituent Assembly, held in September 1946, the Democrats won 50 out of 67 seats, and for several years they remained the most popular party in Cambodia, despite Yuthevong's early death in 1947.Kiernan, B. ''How Pol Pot Came to Power'', Yale UP, 2004, p.57 The Democrats - in con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1955 Cambodian Parliamentary Election
General elections were held in Cambodia on 9 June 1955. The elections were held following the peace established at the 1954 Geneva Conference and the independence of the country. The election were postponed to September 1955. Ben Kiernan. ''How Pol Pot Came to Power''. London: Verso, 1985. p. 158. The result was a landslide victory for the Sangkum party, which won all 91 seats. The election was marked by widespread voter fraud and intimidation. This began a period of one-party dominance of Prince Sihanouk's Sangkum until the coup of 1970. Participating parties *''Sangkum'': In October 1954 the royal government formed an alliance with four small political parties, including Dap Chhuon's Victorious North-East and Lon Nol's Khmer Renovation. In February 1954 the alliance was transformed into ''Sangkum Reastr Niyum'' (Popular Socialist Community). The leader of Sangkum, Prince Norodom Sihanouk, held that Sangkum was not a political party per se, but Sangkum essentially functioned as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lon Nol
Marshal Lon Nol ( km, លន់ នល់, also ; 13 November 1913 – 17 November 1985) was a Cambodian politician and general who served as Prime Minister of Cambodia The prime minister of Cambodia ( km, នាយករដ្ឋមន្ត្រីនៃកម្ពុជា, ) is the head of government of Cambodia. The prime minister is also the chairman of the Cabinet and leads the executive branch of the ... twice (1966–67; 1969–71), as well as serving repeatedly as Ministry of National Defence (Cambodia), defence minister and provincial governor. As a Khmer nationalism, nationalist and conservative, he led the Cambodian coup of 1970, military coup of 1970 against Prince Norodom Sihanouk, abolished the Monarchy of Cambodia, monarchy, and established the short-lived Khmer Republic. Constitutionally a semi-presidential system, semi-presidential republic, Cambodia was ''de facto'' governed under a military dictatorship. He was the commander-in-chief of the Khmer Nati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dap Chhuon
Dap Chhuon ( km, ដាប ឈួន), also known as Chuan Khemphet ( th, ชวน เข็มเพชร), Khem Phet, Chhuon Mochulpech ( km, ឈួន ម្ជុលពេជជ្រ) or Chhuon Mchoul Pich ( km, ឈួន ម្ជុល ពេជជ្រ) (1912–1959) was a right-wing Cambodian nationalist, guerrilla leader, regional warlord, and general. Chhuon was born in Siem Reap and grew up in Prey Veng, joining the French militia in which he rose to the rank of sergeant."Dap" in fact means "sergeant", "Dap Chhuon" being a ''nom-de-guerre'' In the Franco-Thai War he was captured by - or deserted to - Thai forces, and in 1943 again deserted from the Cambodian National Guard at Bang Mealas, allegedly in the possession of his men's pay.Corfield, J. and Summers, L. ''Historical Dictionary of Cambodia'', Scarecrow Press, 1996, p.96 By the mid-1940s, Chhuon was backed by the Thai government in organising anti-French guerrilla bands in the area of Siem Reap.Tyner, J. ''T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Victorious Northeast
''Victorious'' (stylized as ''VICTORiOUS'') is an American sitcom created by Dan Schneider that originally aired on Nickelodeon, debuting on March 27, 2010, and concluding on February 2, 2013 after four seasons. The series revolves around aspiring singer Tori Vega (portrayed by Victoria Justice), a teenager who attends a performing arts high school called Hollywood Arts High School, after taking her older sister Trina's (Daniella Monet) place in a showcase while getting into screwball situations on a daily basis. On her first day at Hollywood Arts, she meets Andre Harris (Leon Thomas III), Robbie Shapiro (Matt Bennett), Rex Powers (Robbie's puppet), Jade West (Elizabeth Gillies), Cat Valentine (Ariana Grande), and Beck Oliver (Avan Jogia). The series premiered after the 2010 Kids' Choice Awards. The series won Favorite TV Show award at the 2012 Kids' Choice Awards and 2013 Kids' Choice Awards, beating out ''iCarly''. ''Victorious'' earned four Emmy nominations. On August 10, 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norodom Suramarit
Norodom Suramarit ( km, នរោត្តម សុរាម្រិត, ; 6 March 1896 – 3 April 1960) was King of Cambodia from 3 March 1955 until his death in 1960. He was the father of King Norodom Sihanouk and the grandfather of Cambodia's current king, Norodom Sihamoni. Suramarit was born in Phnom Penh to Prince Norodom Sutharot. When his grandfather King Norodom died in 1904, Norodom's brother Sisowath took the throne. King Sisowath died in 1927 and was succeeded by his son Monivong. Suramarit married Monivong's daughter Sisowath Kosamak. Upon Monivong's death in 1941, Sihanouk, Suramarit's son and Monivong's grandson, was selected as the new king. In 1955, Sihanouk abdicated in favor of his father. He was formally crowned on 6 March 1956, which coincided with his 60th birthday. Following Suramarit's death in 1960, Sihanouk became Chief of State, while Suramarit's wife Sisowath Kosamak became Queen. Suramarit was given the posthumous title of ''Preah Karuna Prea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buddhism
Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gradually spread throughout much of Asia via the Silk Road. It is the world's fourth-largest religion, with over 520 million followers (Buddhists) who comprise seven percent of the global population. The Buddha taught the Middle Way, a path of spiritual development that avoids both extreme asceticism and hedonism. It aims at liberation from clinging and craving to things which are impermanent (), incapable of satisfying ('), and without a lasting essence (), ending the cycle of death and rebirth (). A summary of this path is expressed in the Noble Eightfold Path, a training of the mind with observance of Buddhist ethics and meditation. Other widely observed practices include: monasticism; " taking refuge" in the Buddha, the , and the ; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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