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Khu Liên
Sri Mara (Cham: ꨦꨴꨫ ꨠꨩꨣ, Khmer: ឝ្រី មារ, th, ศรีมาระ fl. 137 or 192 AD) was the founder of the kingdom of Champa. Biography He is known in Chinese records as Qū Lián ( 區連), or Zhulian, which in Vietnamese pronunciation is Khu Liên (also 區連). Attempts have also been made to identify Sri Mara with Fan Shiman (范師蔓) of Funan (circa 230 CE). on a stele recorded as Sri Mara (Chinese 释利摩罗). He was born in Tượng Lâm (Vietnamese pronunciation of Chinese 象林, in what is today Thừa Thiên Huế province in Central Vietnam) an area of tension between the Han Dynasty and the natives of Lâm Ấp (Vietnamese pronunciation of Chinese Lin Yi 林邑, the precursor to Champa). In 137 or 192 AD, he defeated the Chinese prefect and declared himself king of Lin-yi.Higham, C., 2014, Early Mainland Southeast Asia, Bangkok: River Books Co., Ltd., This is considered the official founding of Champa, though Cham legend dates the f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Champa
King of Champa is the title ruler of Champa. Champa rulers often use two Hinduist style titles: ''raja-di-raja'' ( " king of kings"; written here in Devanagari since the Cham used their own Cham script) or ''po-tana-raya'' ("lord of all territories"). The regnal name of the Champa rulers originated from the Hindu tradition, often consisting of titles and aliases. Titles (prefix) like: Jaya ( "victory"), Maha ( "great"), Sri ( "glory"). Aliases (stem) like: Bhadravarman, Vikrantavarman, Rudravarman, Simhavarman, Indravarman, Paramesvaravarman, Harivarman... Among them, the suffix -varman belongs to the Kshatriya class and is only for those leaders of the Champa Alliance. The last king of Champa was deposed by Minh Mạng in 1832.Quốc sử quán triều Nguyễn, Cao Xuân Dục (chủ biên) ''Quốc triều chánh biên toát yếu'', 1908, quyển III, trang 81. List of kings of Champa Lâm Ấp (Linyi) Chiêm Thành (Zhancheng) Panduranga See also * History of Cham ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Vietnam
Central Vietnam ( vi, Trung Bộ or ), also known as Middle Vietnam or The Middle, formerly known as by South Vietnam, and Annam under French Indochina, is one of the three geographical regions within Vietnam. The name Trung Bộ was used by the king Bảo Đại when he established administrative level higher than Province in 1945, instead of the Trung Kỳ which recalled the French occupation. This name was officially used by government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and is popularly used today. Administration Central Vietnam includes 3 administrative regions, which in turn comprises 19 First Tier units. Municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ... (thành phố trực thuộc trung ương) Of all 19 First Tier units, 1 is municipality and 18 are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Champa
The history of Champa begins in prehistory with the migration of the ancestors of the Cham people to mainland Southeast Asia and the founding of their Indianized maritime kingdom based in what is now central Vietnam in the early centuries AD, and ends when the final vestiges of the kingdom were annexed and absorbed by Vietnam in 1832. Abstract One theory holds that the people of Champa were descended from settlers who reached the Southeast Asian mainland from Borneo about the time of the Sa Huỳnh culture, though genetic evidence points to exchanges with India. Sa Huỳnh sites are rich in iron artifacts, by contrast with the Đông Sơn culture sites found in northern Vietnam and elsewhere in mainland Southeast Asia, where bronze artifacts are dominant. The Cham language is part of the Austronesian family. According to one study, Cham is related most closely to modern Acehnese. Founding legend Cham tradition says that the founder of the Cham state was Lady Po Nagar. She h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cửu Chân
Jiuzhen (Vietnamese: Cửu Chân, Chinese: 九真) was a Chinese commandery within Jiaozhou. It is located in present-day Thanh Hóa Province, Vietnam. Michel Ferlus (2012) and Frédéric Pain (2020) propose that 九真 Old Chinese Old Chinese, also called Archaic Chinese in older works, is the oldest attested stage of Chinese language, Chinese, and the ancestor of all modern varieties of Chinese. The earliest examples of Chinese are divinatory inscriptions on oracle bones ... *''kuˀ-cin'' transcribed *''k.cin'', a local autonym which is reflected in Puoc ''ksiːŋ muːl'' & Thavung ''ktiːŋ²'' meaning "human being, people", the latter from Proto-Vietic *''kciːŋ'', which consists of prefix *''k-'' and *''ciɲ'' (“leg, foot”); thus, "human beings" are "(those who are) on foot", "those who stand on their feet." Pain further suggests that " might therefore have been inhabited by some ancestors of the Southern Vietic Thavung - Aheu." References Sources * * Form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiaozhi
Jiaozhi (standard Chinese, pinyin: ''Jiāozhǐ''), or Giao Chỉ (Vietnamese), was a historical region ruled by various Chinese dynasties, corresponding to present-day northern Vietnam. The kingdom of Nanyue (204–111 BC) set up the Jiaozhi Commandery (; Vietnamese: Quận Giao Chỉ, Hán-Nôm: 郡交趾) an administrative division centered in the Red River Delta that existed through Vietnam's first and second periods of Chinese rule. During the Han dynasty, the commandery was part of a province of the same name (later renamed to Jiaozhou) that covered modern-day northern and central Vietnam as well as Guangdong and Guangxi in southern China. In 670 AD, Jiaozhi was absorbed into the Annan Protectorate established by the Tang dynasty. Afterwards, official use of the name Jiaozhi was superseded by "Annan" (Annam) and other names of Vietnam, except during the brief fourth period of Chinese rule when the Ming dynasty administered Vietnam as the Jiaozhi Province. Name Chi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nguyễn Khắc Viện
Nguyễn Khắc Viện (5 February 1913 in Hương Sơn – 10 May 1997) was a Vietnamese historian, literary critic, sometime dissident, and advocate of a Vietnamese health exercise dưỡng sinh similar to Yoga. Viện was a party member formerly in charge of external propaganda and statements to foreign press. However his circulating of criticism of the government in the 1980s led to a ban on his writings till the early 1990s.''Human Rights Watch World Report'' 1992 - Page 475 Human Rights Watch (Organization), Human Rights Watch "General Secretary Do Muoi met with numerous groups to assure them that the party welcomes divergent ideas, and the ban on writings by Phan Dinh Dieu and Nguyen Khac Vien was said to have been lifted. However, the government ..." Life Khắc Viện first came to Paris, France, in 1937, a time where the capital was a hotbed for anti-imperialist political exiles. He would stay in the country for twenty years, wherein he pursued an advanced degree in m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lin Yi
Lin Yi (, born January 11, 1999) is a Chinese actor and model. He gained popularity after starring in the 2019 romantic web drama ''Put Your Head on My Shoulder,'' which brought him wider recognition. Early life and education Lin Yi was born in Hebei Province and grew up in Shenyang City, Liaoning Province. In 2015, he was admitted to the National Ballroom Dance major of Beijing Sport University and received the top score in the unified examination of dance majors in Liaoning Province. Career 2015–2018: Career beginnings In 2015, Lin was still in the first year, when he was discovered by the agent and signed with Tangren Media Co. Ltd. In 2016, during summer vacation, he went abroad to receive professional dance and performance training. In 2017, he participated in the casting activity of the youth campus network drama "Hello, Old Times", and auditioned for the leading actor Lin Yang, but was ultimately unsuccessful. On May 14, 2017, he participated as a cast member in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lâm Ấp
Lâm Ấp (Vietnamese pronunciation of Middle Chinese 林邑 *''liɪm ʔˠiɪp̚'', > standard Chinese: Linyi) was a kingdom located in central Vietnam that existed from around 192 AD to 629 AD in what is today central Vietnam, and was one of the earliest recorded Champa kingdoms. The name Linyi however had been employed by official Chinese histories from 192 to even 758 AD to describe a particular early Champa kingdom located north of the Hải Vân Pass. The ruins of its capital, the ancient city of Kandapurpura is now located in Long Tho Hill, 3 kilometers to the west of the city of Huế. Earlier western scholarship believed Linyi in Chinese records to refer to Champa itself, but Champa expansion northwards may have resulted in the Chinese applying the name Linyi to the Champa imperial city Trà Kiệu (Simhapura) along with Mỹ Sơn Sanctuary and the Thu Bồn River valley around 600 AD. History Lâm Ấp was founded by Khu Liên (Ōu Lián 區連, EMC: ''*ʔəw-lian'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Han Dynasty
The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25–220 AD), established by Liu Bang (Emperor Gao) and ruled by the House of Liu. The dynasty was preceded by the short-lived Qin dynasty (221–207 BC) and a warring interregnum known as the ChuHan contention (206–202 BC), and it was succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). The dynasty was briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) established by usurping regent Wang Mang, and is thus separated into two periods—the Western Han (202 BC – 9 AD) and the Eastern Han (25–220 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han dynasty is considered a golden age in Chinese history, and it has influenced the identity of the Chinese civilization ever since. Modern China's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the "Han people", the Sinitic language is known as "Han language", and the written Chinese is referred to as "Han characters". The emperor was at the pinnacle of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thừa Thiên Huế Province
Thừa Thiên Huế () is a province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam, approximately in the center of the country. It borders Quảng Trị province to the north, Quảng Nam province and Đà Nẵng to the south, Laos to the west and the East Sea to the east. The province has 128 km of coastline, 22,000 ha of lagoons and over 200,000 ha of forest. There is an extensive complex of imperial tombs and temples in Huế. History The region's history dates back some 20,800 years according to archaeological findings from the Sa Huynh Culture as well as from relics in the region. Đại Việt became an independent nation around 938 AD of which territorial conflict lasts for about four centuries between the Đại Việt and the Champa. The two provinces then changed their names to Thanh and Hóa. In 1307, Đoàn Nhữ Hài was appointed by the emperor, Trần Anh Tông, to administer the area. The people from the north (Thanh Hóa) migrated south and integrated wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phạm Hùng (Lâm Ấp)
Phạm Hùng was the King of Champa, then known as Lâm Ấp, in the 270 AD.Higham, C., 2014, Early Mainland Southeast Asia, Bangkok: River Books Co., Ltd., In 270, Tao Huang, the Chinese governor of Tongking, or Jiaozhi, reported that Phạm Hùng was repeatedly assaulting his land with the aid of Funan. These raids continued until at least the year 280, when the governor of Jiaozhi reported to the new emperor of the Jin Dynasty of continued attacks on his territory. Phạm Hùng was the maternal grandson of Khu Liên Sri Mara (Cham: ꨦꨴꨫ ꨠꨩꨣ, Khmer: ឝ្រី មារ, th, ศรีมาระ fl. 137 or 192 AD) was the founder of the kingdom of Champa. Biography He is known in Chinese records as Qū Lián ( 區連), or Zhulian, which in Viet ....Maspero, G., 2002, The Champa Kingdom, Bangkok: White Lotus Co., Ltd., References Kings of Champa 3rd-century monarchs in Asia 3rd-century Vietnamese people {{Vietnam-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Võ Cạnh Inscription
The Võ Cạnh inscription or Inscription C. 40 is the oldest Sanskrit inscription ever found in Southeast Asia, discovered in 1885 in the village of Võ Cạnh, about 4 km from the city of Nha Trang, Vietnam. This inscription is in the form of a 2.5 m high stone stele, with three uneven sides. The inscription mentions the name of King Sri Mara, which according to paleographic analysis was to whom it was erected by his descendants around 2nd or 3rd century CE. There are still debates whether the inscription was a legacy of Lâm Ấp, Champa, or Funan. George Coedès mentioned the possibility of identifying Sri Mara with Fan Shih-man (c. 230 CE), which according to the Chinese chronicles was one of the rulers of Funan. Coedès considered the Võ Cạnh inscription as proof of the first wave of Indianization in Southeast Asia. New academic assertions reassess the date of the Vo Canh stele to cannot be precisely dated earlier than the fourth century AD. The stele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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