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Joachim Stegmann
Joachim Stegmann Sr.(Potsdam 1595 - Cluj-Napoca 1633) was a German Socinian theologian, Bible translator, mathematician and rector of the Racovian Academy. Stegmann was born in Potsdam, and was a Lutheran pastor in Brandenburg, but from 1626 he began to openly profess their ideas of Fausto Paolo Sozzini and moved to Poland, where he began working in the centers of the Polish Brethren. He was a teacher and rector of the Racovian Academy and contributed to the prosperity of the university. In 1630 he collaborated with Johannes Crellius on the publication of German version of the Racovian New Testament. He was chosen by the Polish Brethren community to go to Transylvania in 1633 to serve the "Arian" (Socinian) community among the Hungarian-speaking Unitarians there but died shortly after arrival in Cluj-Napoca. Works * Textbook for mathematics and geometry. * Brevis disquisitio an et quo mado vulgo dicti Evangelici Pontificios, ac nominatim Val. Magni de Acatholicorum credendi reg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Potsdam
Potsdam () is the capital and, with around 183,000 inhabitants, largest city of the German state of Brandenburg. It is part of the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region. Potsdam sits on the River Havel, a tributary of the Elbe, downstream of Berlin, and lies embedded in a hilly morainic landscape dotted with many lakes, around 20 of which are located within Potsdam's city limits. It lies some southwest of Berlin's city centre. The name of the city and of many of its boroughs are of Slavic origin. Potsdam was a residence of the Prussian kings and the German Kaiser until 1918. Its planning embodied ideas of the Age of Enlightenment: through a careful balance of architecture and landscape, Potsdam was intended as "a picturesque, pastoral dream" which would remind its residents of their relationship with nature and reason. The city, which is over 1000 years old, is widely known for its palaces, its lakes, and its overall historical and cultural significance. Landmarks include ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrzej Wiszowaty
Andrzej Wiszowaty Sr. (Latin ''Andreas Wissowatius'') ( Filipów 1608 - Amsterdam, 1678) was a Socinian theologian who worked with Joachim Stegmann (1595–1633) on the Racovian Catechism of 1605, and taught at the Racovian Academy of the Polish Brethren. After the expulsion and exile from Rakow in 1639 Andrzej Wiszowaty Sr. is notable as the main mover in the printing of the Bibliotheca fratrum Polonorum which was to influence Voltaire and John Locke. He supervised the printing in Amsterdam by Frans Kuyper, first of the works of Johann Crell (1665) and then, backnumbered as "Volume 1" the works of his grandfather Fausto Sozzini 1668. He was working on a revised edition of the Racovian Catechism when he died in 1678, this was published in Amsterdam in 1680 and became the basis for Thomas Rees' English translation of 1818. His own major work ''Religio rationalis'' "Rational religion" was published by his son Benedykt Wiszowaty. Family Polish nobleman. Coat-of-arms: Pierzchała/R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Unitarians
German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Germanic peoples (Roman times) * German language **any of the Germanic languages * German cuisine, traditional foods of Germany People * German (given name) * German (surname) * Germán, a Spanish name Places * German (parish), Isle of Man * German, Albania, or Gërmej * German, Bulgaria * German, Iran * German, North Macedonia * German, New York, U.S. * Agios Germanos, Greece Other uses * German (mythology), a South Slavic mythological being * Germans (band), a Canadian rock band * "German" (song), a 2019 song by No Money Enterprise * ''The German'', a 2008 short film * "The Germans", an episode of ''Fawlty Towers'' * ''The German'', a nickname for Congolese rebel André Kisase Ngandu See also * Germanic (other) * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Translators Of The Bible Into German
Translation is the communication of the Meaning (linguistic), meaning of a #Source and target languages, source-language text by means of an Dynamic and formal equivalence, equivalent #Source and target languages, target-language text. The English language draws a terminology, terminological distinction (which does not exist in every language) between ''translating'' (a written text) and ''Language interpretation, interpreting'' (oral or Sign language, signed communication between users of different languages); under this distinction, translation can begin only after the appearance of writing within a language community. A translator always risks inadvertently introducing source-language words, grammar, or syntax into the target-language rendering. On the other hand, such "spill-overs" have sometimes imported useful source-language calques and loanwords that have enriched target languages. Translators, including early translators of sacred texts, have helped shape the very l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1633 Deaths
Events January–March * January 20 – Galileo Galilei, having been summoned to Rome on orders of Pope Urban VIII, leaves for Florence for his journey. His carriage is halted at Ponte a Centino at the border of Tuscany, where he is quarantined for 22 days because of an outbreak of the plague. * February 6 – The formal coronation of Władysław IV Vasa as King of Poland at the cathedral in Krakow. He had been elected as king on November 8. * February 9 – The Duchy of Hesse-Cassel captures Dorsten from the Electorate of Cologne without resistance. * February 13 ** Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome for his trial before the Inquisition. ** Fire engines are used for the first time in England in order to control and extinguish a fire that breaks out at London Bridge, but not before 43 houses are destroyed. "Fires, Great", in ''The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Ins ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1595 Births
Events January–June * January – Mehmed III succeeds Murad III, as sultan of the Ottoman Empire. * January 17 – During the French Wars of Religion, Henry IV of France declares war on Spain. * April 8 (March 29 O.S.) – Combined Taungoo– Lan Na armies break the rebel Thado Dhamma Yaza's siege of Taungoo, in modern-day Myanmar. * April 15 – Sir Walter Raleigh travels up the Orinoco River, in search of the fabled city of '' El Dorado''. * May 18 – The Treaty of Teusina brings to an end the Russo-Swedish War (1590–95). * May 24 – The ''Nomenclator'' of Leiden University Library appears, the first printed catalog of an institutional library. * May 29 – George Somers and Amyas Preston travel to aid Raleigh's El Dorado expedition but failing to meet him instead raid the Spanish Province of Venezuela * June 9 – Battle of Fontaine-Française: Henry IV of France defeats the Spanish, but is nearly killed due to his rashnes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wawrzyniec Stegmann
Wawrzyniec Stegmann (c. 1610 - c. 1655; Latin name Laurentius Tribander) was a Polish Arian scholar, and the last rector of the Racovian Academy from 1634 to 1638. It has been suggested that the Latin name Tribander for Stegmann was to protect the school, but the pen name A pen name, also called a ''nom de plume'' or a literary double, is a pseudonym (or, in some cases, a variant form of a real name) adopted by an author and printed on the title page or by-line of their works in place of their real name. A pen na ... Tribander is transparent and was used by other members of the Stegmann family.Janusz Tazbir Stanisław Lubieniecki przywódca ariańskiej emigracji -- 1961 p30 "Janusz Tazbir. utwór powstał nieco później. Wawrzyniec Stegmann podpisał go bowiem jako Laurentius Tribander. Pseudonim ten — jak przypuszczają niektórzy historycy — przybrał sobie nieszczęsny rektor po kasacie szkoły, aby uchronić ..." References 1610 births 1655 deaths Polish Unitar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Racovian Catechism
The Racovian Catechism ('' Pol.'': Katechizm Rakowski) is a nontrinitarian statement of faith from the 16th century. The title ''Racovian'' comes from the publishers, the Polish Brethren, who had founded a sizeable town in Raków, Kielce County, where the Racovian Academy and printing press was founded by Jakub Sienieński in 1602. Authors The Polish Brethren or ''Ecclesia Minor'' were an antitrinitarian minority of the Reformed Church in Poland who had separated from the Calvinist majority, or ''Ecclesia Major'', in 1565. Several authors had a hand in drafting the Catechism: Valentinus Smalcius, Hieronim Moskorzowski, Johannes Völkel and others. It is likely that some of the text had been prepared by the Italian exile Fausto Sozzini, who had settled among the Polish Brethren in 1579, without ever formally joining, and who died in the year before the Catechism was drafted. Despite his lack of any official status in the church Sozzini had been influential in bringing the Polish c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transylvania
Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Apuseni Mountains. Broader definitions of Transylvania also include the western and northwestern Romanian regions of Crișana and Maramureș, and occasionally Banat. Transylvania is known for the scenery of its Carpathian landscape and its rich history. It also contains Romania's second-largest city, Cluj-Napoca, and other iconic cities and towns such as Brașov, Sibiu, Târgu Mureș, Alba Iulia and Sighișoara. It is also the home of some of Romania's List of World Heritage Sites in Romania, UNESCO World Heritage Sites such as the villages with fortified churches in Transylvania, Villages with fortified churches, the Historic Centre of Sighișoara, the Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains and the Rosia Montana Mining Cultural Landsc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cluj-Napoca
; hu, kincses város) , official_name=Cluj-Napoca , native_name= , image_skyline= , subdivision_type1 = Counties of Romania, County , subdivision_name1 = Cluj County , subdivision_type2 = Subdivisions of Romania, Status , subdivision_name2 = County seat , settlement_type = Municipiu, City , leader_title = Mayor , leader_name = Emil Boc , leader_party = National Liberal Party (Romania), PNL , leader_title1 = Deputy Mayor , leader_name1 = Dan Tarcea (PNL) , leader_title2 = Deputy Mayor , leader_name2 = Emese Oláh (Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania, UDMR) , leader_title3 = City Manager , leader_name3 = Gheorghe Șurubaru (PNL) , established_title= Founded , established_date = 1213 (first official record as ''Clus'') , area_total_km2 = 179.5 , area_total_sq_mi = 69.3 , area_metro_km2 = 1537.5 , elevation_m = 340 , population_as_of = 2011 Romanian census, 2011 , population_total = 324,576 , population_foot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Racovian New Testament
The Racovian New Testament refers to two separate translations produced by the Unitarian Polish Brethren at the printing presses of the Racovian Academy, Raków, Poland. Enyedi's "Preface to the Racovian New Testament" Christopher Sandius in his '' Anti-Trinitarian Library'' lists the preface in Latin to a "Racovian New Testament", by the Transylvanian Unitarian bishop George Enyedinus, which Sand notes is impossible since Enyedi died before either of the known Racovian versions were published. It may be that Enyedi's preface attached to some other translation produced by the Polish Brethren, for example, as the suggestion by Wallace that this may refer to the translation into Polish of the New Testament of Marcin Czechowic published at Raków before the existence of the academy in 1577 by Alexius Rodecki, and without the place of printing being indicated. Or alternatively since the preface attributed to Enyedi is in Latin, there may have conceivably have been a Latin New Testame ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johannes Crellius
Johannes Crellius (Polish: ''Jan Crell'', English: John Crell; 26 July 1590 in Hellmitzheim – 11 June 1633 in Raków) was a Polish and German theologian. Life Johann Crell's father, Johann Crell Sr., was pastor of the church at Hellmitzheim, (today part of Iphofen in Kitzingen District), in Franken, northern Bavaria. His son Krzysztof Crell-Spinowski (1622–1680), and his grandsons Christopher Crell Jr. M.D. of London (1658-), Samuel Crellius (1660–1747) and Paweł Crell-Spinowski (1677-), as well as his great-grandsons in Georgia, United States, were all proponents of Socinian views. Crellius moved to Poland at the age of 22, and quickly became known as one of the chief theologians of the Socinians, also known as Polish brethren. From 1613 he worked at the Racovian Academy at Raków, of which he was the rector from 1616 to 1621. In 1630 he worked with Joachim Stegmann Sr. in the production of a German version of the Racovian New Testament. Influence Several of Crell's wor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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