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Jozef Sabovčík
Jozef (Jumping Joe) Sabovčík (born 4 December 1963) is a Slovak figure skater who competed representing Czechoslovakia. He is the 1984 Olympic bronze medalist, a two-time European champion (1985 and 1986), and a six-time Czechoslovak national champion. His quad toe loop at the 1986 European Championships was originally approved as the first quad jump landed in competition, but a few weeks later it was deemed invalid due to a touchdown with his free foot. Personal life Sabovčík was born on 4 December 1963 in Bratislava. His mother, Alexandra, was a ballerina of Czech descent, and his father, Jozef, a dancer and choreographer of Slovak descent. He is Catholic, speaks five languages (Slovak, Czech, English, Russian and German), and has dual Slovak and Canadian citizenship. In 2005, he stated that he did not agree with the dissolution of Czechoslovakia and still felt Czechoslovak. His first marriage was to Canadian champion Tracey Wainman, with whom he has a son named Blade, ...
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Czechoslovakia
, rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 = , s1 = Czech Republic , flag_s1 = Flag of the Czech Republic.svg , s2 = Slovakia , flag_s2 = Flag of Slovakia.svg , image_flag = Flag of Czechoslovakia.svg , flag = Flag of Czechoslovakia , flag_type = Flag(1920–1992) , flag_border = Flag of Czechoslovakia , image_coat = Middle coat of arms of Czechoslovakia.svg , symbol_type = Middle coat of arms(1918–1938 and 1945–1961) , image_map = Czechoslovakia location map.svg , image_map_caption = Czechoslovakia during the interwar period and the Cold War , national_motto = , anthems = ...
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Toe Loop Jump
The toe loop jump is the simplest jump in the sport of figure skating. It was invented in the 1920s by American professional figure skater Bruce Mapes. The toe loop is accomplished with a forward approach on the inside edge of the blade; the skater then switches to a backward-facing position before their takeoff, which is accomplished from the skater's right back outside edge and left toepick. The jump is exited from the back outside edge of the same foot. It is often added to more difficult jumps during combinations and is the most common second jump performed in combinations. It is also the most commonly attempted jump. History The toe loop jump is the simplest of the six jumps in the sport of figure skating. It was invented in the 1920s by American professional figure skater Bruce Mapes, who might have also invented the flip jump. In competitions, the base value of a single toe loop is 0.40; the base value of a double toe loop is 1.30; the base value of a triple toe loop is 4. ...
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Robin Cousins
Robin Cousins, MBE (born 17 August 1957) is a British former competitive figure skater who was BBC Sports Personality of the Year in 1980. He was the 1980 Olympic champion, the 1980 European champion, a three-time World medalist (1978–1980) and four-time British national champion (1977–1980), winning all of these titles during his amateur career. He followed this with a successful career as a professional figure skater and later starred in ice shows as well as producing several of his own. He is able to spin in either direction, both clockwise and anti-clockwise, which is an unusual skill for a figure skater. Off the ice, Cousins has commentated on figure skating events for the BBC, and he assumed the position of head judge on ITV's '' Dancing on Ice'' show from 2006 to 2014. He has also appeared in theatre productions, including the West End. Early life Robin Cousins was born in Bristol to Jo, a secretary, and Fred, a civil servant, who was formerly a goalkeeper for ...
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Compulsory Figures
Compulsory figures or school figures were formerly a segment of figure skating, and gave the sport its name. They are the "circular patterns which skaters trace on the ice to demonstrate skill in placing clean turns evenly on round circles". For approximately the first 50 years of figure skating as a sport, until 1947, compulsory figures made up 60 percent of the total score at most competitions around the world. These figures continued to dominate the sport, although they steadily declined in importance, until the International Skating Union (ISU) voted to discontinue them as a part of competitions in 1990. Learning and training in compulsory figures instilled discipline and control; some in the figure skating community considered them necessary to teach skaters basic skills. Skaters would train for hours to learn and execute them well, and competing and judging figures would often take up to eight hours during competitions. Skaters traced compulsory figures, and were judged acco ...
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1986 World Figure Skating Championships
The 1986 World Figure Skating Championships were held in Geneva, Switzerland from March 18 to 23. At the event, sanctioned by the International Skating Union, medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The ISU Representative was Josef Dědič (Czechoslovakia), and the ISU Technical Delegate was Elemér Terták (Hungary). Soviet judge Natalia Danilenko was suspended for ignoring a new rule requiring mandatory deductions of 0.1 for falls; she gave Alexandr Fadeev a score of 5.9 after he fell twice, instead of a maximum of 5.8. Medal tables Medalists Medals by country Results Men Referee: * Sonia Bianchetti Assistant Referee: * Walburga Grimm Judges: * Tatiana Danilenko * Maria Zuchowicz * Claire Ferguson * Jean Matthews * Björn Elwin * Junko Hiramatsu * Radovan Lipovšćak * Christiane Mörth * Miranda Marchi Substitute judge: * Josette Betsch Ladies Referee: * Benjamin T. Wright Assistant Referee: * Er ...
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Quad (figure Skating)
A quad, or quadruple, is a figure skating jump with at least four (but fewer than five) revolutions. All quadruple jumps have four revolutions, except for the quadruple Axel, which has four and a half revolutions. The quadruple toe loop and quadruple Salchow are the two most commonly performed quads. Quadruple jumps have become increasingly common among World and Olympic level men's single skaters, to the point that not performing a quad in a program has come to be seen as a severe handicap. This phenomenon is often referred to as the "quad revolution". Since 2018, quadruple jumps have also become an increasingly common feature of women's skating, although they are not allowed under the ISU rules in the ladies' short program. The first person to land a ratified quadruple jump in competition was Canadian Kurt Browning in 1988. Japanese Miki Ando became the first female skater to do so, in 2002. History of firsts Men The following table lists the first recorded quadruple jumps by ...
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Brian Orser
Brian Ernest Orser, (born 18 December 1961) is a Canadian former competitive and professional figure skater and coach to Olympic champions. He is the 1984 and 1988 Olympic silver medallist, 1987 World champion and eight-time (1981–88) Canadian national champion. At the 1988 Winter Olympics, the rivalry between Orser and American figure skater Brian Boitano, who were the two favorites to win the gold medal, captured media attention and was described as the "Battle of the Brians". Orser turned professional in 1988 and skated with Stars on Ice for almost 20 years. As a coach, he has led both Yuna Kim (2010) and Yuzuru Hanyu (2014, 2018) to Olympic titles. He also coached Javier Fernández to Olympic bronze (2018) and the 2015 and 2016 World titles. He is a Skating Consultant at the Toronto Cricket Skating and Curling Club. Early life Brian Orser was born in Belleville, Ontario. He grew up in Penetanguishene. He is the youngest of five children. Skating career Orser won h ...
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Scott Hamilton (figure Skater)
Scott Scovell Hamilton (born August 28, 1958) is a retired United States, American figure skater and Olympic Games, Olympic gold medalist. He won four consecutive U.S. championships (1981–84), four consecutive World Championships (1981–84), and a gold medal in the 1984 Winter Olympics, 1984 Olympics. His signature move is a backflip, a feat that few other figure skaters could perform that is against U.S. Figure Skating and Olympic competition rules, but he included in his exhibition routines as an amateur to please the crowd and in his professional competition routines. He is also recognized for his innovative footwork sequences. In retirement, he has been involved in charitable work and is the author of three books. Early life and education Hamilton was born on August 28, 1958 in Toledo, Ohio. He was adopted at the age of six weeks by Dorothy (née McIntosh), a professor, and Ernest S. Hamilton, a professor of biology, and raised in Bowling Green, Ohio. He has two siblings, ...
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Sarajevo
Sarajevo ( ; cyrl, Сарајево, ; ''see Names of European cities in different languages (Q–T)#S, names in other languages'') is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 275,524 in its administrative limits. The Sarajevo metropolitan area including Sarajevo Canton, Istočno Sarajevo, East Sarajevo and nearby municipalities is home to 555,210 inhabitants. Located within the greater Sarajevo valley of Bosnia (region), Bosnia, it is surrounded by the Dinaric Alps and situated along the Miljacka River in the heart of the Balkans, a region of Southern Europe. Sarajevo is the political, financial, social and cultural center of Bosnia and Herzegovina and a prominent center of culture in the Balkans. It exerts region-wide influence in entertainment, media, fashion and the arts. Due to its long history of religious and cultural diversity, Sarajevo is sometimes called the "Jerusalem of Europe" or "Jerusalem of the Balkans". It is o ...
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Knee Effusion
Knee effusion, informally known as water on the knee, occurs when excess synovial fluid accumulates in or around the knee joint. It has many common causes, including arthritis, injury to the ligaments or meniscus, or fluid collecting in the bursa, a condition known as prepatellar bursitis. Signs and symptoms Signs and symptoms of water on the knee depend on the cause of excess synovial fluid build-up in the knee joint. These may include: Pain Osteoarthritis knee pain usually occurs while the joint is bearing weight, so the pain typically subsides with rest; some patients experience severe pain, while others report no discomfort. Even if one knee is much larger than the other, pain is not guaranteed. Swelling One knee may appear larger than the other. Puffiness around the bony parts of the knee appear prominent when compared with the other knee. Stiffness When the knee joint contains excess fluid, it may become difficult or painful to bend or straighten. Fluid may also show un ...
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Skate America
Skate America is an international, senior-level figure skating competition held as part of the ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating series. It is hosted by U.S. Figure Skating. The location changes yearly. Medals are awarded in four disciplines: men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The first Skate America (officially called Norton Skate) was held in 1979 in Lake Placid, New York, and was the test event for the 1980 Winter Olympic Games. It was incorporated into the Grand Prix Series in 1995, the year of the series' inception. On September 27, 2001, the Heinz Frozen Foods Company, an affiliate of the H. J. Heinz Company The H. J. Heinz Company is an American food processing company headquartered at One PPG Place in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The company was founded by Henry J. Heinz in 1869. Heinz manufactures thousands of food products in plants on six contin ..., agreed to become an official sponsor of the U.S. Figure Skating. This gave them the ...
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Skate Canada International
The Skate Canada International is an international, senior-level invitation-only figure skating competition organized by Skate Canada. It is the second competition of the ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating season. The location changes yearly. Medals are awarded in four disciplines: men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The first Skate Canada International was held in 1973. The 1987 competition in Calgary was the test event for the 1988 Winter Olympic Games. It was added to the Grand Prix series in 1995, the year the series began. It has had different title sponsors over the years. On August 30, 2006, Skate Canada announced it would be officially titled ''HomeSense Skate Canada International'' until 2010. Medalists Men Ladies Pairs Ice dancing Fours References External links 2006 Official site2007 Official site2008 Official site2006 HomeSense Skate Canada Internationalat Skate Canada 2008 HomeSense Skate Canada Internationalat Skate Canada 20 ...
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