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José MarÃa Cabal
José MarÃa Cabal Barona (Guadalajara de Buga, 25 May 1769 – Popayán, 19 August 1816) was a Neogranadine military and political leader who fought in the Colombian War of Independence. Born in 1769 into a noble, landowning family, Cabal received his primary education at the Colegio Seminario de Popayán. In 1792, he moved to Bogotá, Santafé de Bogotá to study law. There, he became involved in literary circles that embraced the ideals of the Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment. In 1794, Cabal was arrested for possessing translated copies of the ''Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen'' and was exiled to Spain. He was acquitted and traveled through Spain and then France, where he pursued his studies in botany and mineralogy, which became lifelong passions. In 1809, Cabal returned to New Granada after 14 years abroad. He dedicated himself to agricultural pursuits and scientific studies until the revolution swept across New Granada, ushering in the Colombian War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
JoaquÃn Cayzedo
JoaquÃn or Joaquin is a male given name, the Spanish language, Spanish version of Joachim (given name), Joachim. Given name * JoaquÃn (footballer, born 1956) (JoaquÃn Alonso González), Spanish football midfielder * JoaquÃn (footballer, born 1981) (JoaquÃn Sánchez RodrÃguez), Spanish football winger * JoaquÃn (footballer, born 1982) (JoaquÃn RodrÃguez Espinar), Spanish football forward * JoaquÃn Almunia, Spanish politician * JoaquÃn Andújar, professional baseball player in the Houston Astros organization * JoaquÃn Arias (baseball), JoaquÃn Arias, professional baseball player in the San Francisco Giants organization * JoaquÃn Balaguer, President of the Dominican Republic * JoaquÃn Barañao (born 1982), Chilean writer and podcaster * JoaquÃn Belgrano, Argentine patriot * JoaquÃn Benoit, professional baseball player for the San Diego Padres * Joaquin Castro, American politician from San Antonio, Texas * JoaquÃn Correa, Argentine football forward * JoaquÃn Cortà ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Reconquest Of New Granada
The Spanish reconquest of New Granada in 1815–1816 was part of the Spanish American wars of independence in South America and Colombian War of Independence. Shortly after the Napoleonic Wars ended, Ferdinand VII, recently restored to the throne in Spain, decided to send military forces to retake most of the northern South American colonies, which had established autonomous juntas and independent states. The Spanish expeditionary army under the command of Lieutenant General Pablo Morillo, with support from loyal colonial troops, completed the reconquest of New Granada by taking Bogotá on 6 May 1816. The expeditionary force and campaigns In 1814, with King Ferdinand VII back on the Spanish throne, Spain decided to send to its most seditious colonies the strongest expeditionary force that it had ever sent to the Americas, this force was known as the Expeditionary army of Costa Firme (Spanish: ''Ejército Expedicionario de Costa Firme''). Then Field Marshall Pablo Morillo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish American Wars Of Independence
The Spanish American wars of independence () took place across the Spanish Empire during the early 19th century. The struggles in both hemispheres began shortly after the outbreak of the Peninsular War, forming part of the broader context of the Napoleonic Wars. The conflict unfolded between the royalists, those who favoured a unitary monarchy, and the patriots, those who promoted either autonomous constitutional monarchies or republics, separated from Spain and from each other. These struggles ultimately led to the independence and secession of continental Spanish America from metropolitan rule, which, beyond this conflict, resulted in a process of Balkanization in Hispanic America. Thus, the strict period of military campaigns ranges from the Battle of Chacaltaya (1809) in present-day Bolivia, to the Battle of Tampico (1829) in Mexico. These conflicts were fought both as irregular warfare and conventional warfare. Some historians claim that the wars began as localized civil war ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits, fourth-most populous city in the European Union and the List of cities proper by population density, 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2022. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of the world's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, culture, Fashion capital, fashion, and gastronomy. Because of its leading role in the French art, arts and Science and technology in France, sciences and its early adoption of extensive street lighting, Paris became known as the City of Light in the 19th century. The City of Paris is the centre of the ÃŽle-de-France region, or Paris Region, with an official estimated population of 12,271,794 inhabitants in January 2023, or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madrid
Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits, second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and its wikt:monocentric, monocentric Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area is the List of metropolitan areas in Europe by population, second-largest in the EU.United Nations Department of Economic and Social AffairWorld Urbanization Prospects (2007 revision), (United Nations, 2008), Table A.12. Data for 2007. The municipality covers geographical area. Madrid lies on the Manzanares (river), River Manzanares in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula at about above mean sea level. The capital city of both Spain and the surrounding Community of Madrid, autonomous community of Madrid (since 1983), it is also th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cádiz
Cádiz ( , , ) is a city in Spain and the capital of the Province of Cádiz in the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Andalusia. It is located in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula off the Atlantic Ocean separated from neighbouring San Fernando, Cádiz, San Fernando by a narrow isthmus. Cádiz, one of the List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities in Western Europe, was founded by the Phoenicians as a trading post.Strabo, ''Geographica'' 3.5.5 In the 18th century, the Port in the Bay of Cádiz consolidated as the main harbour of mainland Spain, enjoying the virtual monopoly of trade with the Americas until 1778. It is also the site of the University of Cádiz. Situated on a narrow slice of land surrounded by the sea‚ Cádiz is, in most respects, a typical Andalusian city with well-preserved historical landmarks. The older part of Cádiz, within the remnants of the defensive wall, city walls, is commonly refer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frigate
A frigate () is a type of warship. In different eras, the roles and capabilities of ships classified as frigates have varied. The name frigate in the 17th to early 18th centuries was given to any full-rigged ship built for speed and maneuverability, intended to be used in scouting, escort and patrol roles. The term was applied loosely to ships varying greatly in design. In the second quarter of the 18th century, what is now generally regarded as the 'true frigate' was developed in France. This type of vessel was characterised by possessing only one armed deck, with an unarmed deck below it used for berthing the crew. Late in the 19th century (British and French prototypes were constructed in 1858), a type of powerful ironclad warships was developed, and because they had a single gun deck, the term 'frigate' was used to describe them. Later developments in ironclad ships rendered the 'frigate' designation obsolete and the term fell out of favour. During the Second World War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Literary Circle
A literary circle or coterie, according to ''The Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms'', is a "small group of writers (and others) bound together more by friendship and habitual association than by a common literary cause or style that might unite a school or movement. The term often has pejorative connotations of exclusive cliquishness". A literary circle differs from a writing circle, in that the latter usually includes only writers and the focus is on the process of writing. A literary circle also differs from a literary society, in that the latter need not contain any writers; members of a literary society come together to discuss or celebrate literary works or authors. Famous or noteworthy examples include: * Wilton Circle, UK, 16th-century group centred on Mary Sidney * The Muiderkring, Netherlands, early 17th century * Literary Salon, Argentina, 1830s, which included the President of Argentina, Domingo Faustino Sarmiento and Juan Bautista Alberdi, the main thinker behind ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colegio Mayor De San Bartolomé
is a Private school, private Catholic school, Catholic pre-school, primary, secondary school, and college-preparatory school, colonial of Plateresque style building, located in the Bogota, Santa Fe district of Bogotá, Cundinamarca Department, Cundinamarca, Colombia. The co-educational school was founded on 27 September 1604 by the Archbishop of Bogota Bartolomé Lobo Guerrero"St. Bartholomew at 400 years" in ''El Tiempo'', Bogotá, 26 September 2004. and the Jesuits José Dadey, MartÃn de Funes, Juan Bautista Coluccini, MartÃn de Torres, Bernabé de Rojas, and Diego Sánchez. The school is managed by the Society of Jesus. Sometimes called the National College of Saint Bartholomew, the College of Saint Bartholomew, and the College of the Society of Jesus, the school is the oldest Colombian school in continuous operation, with a 400-year history since its founding in 1604. The Pontifical Xaverian University in the colony grew out of it in 1623. At St. Bartholomew, in 1826, the Ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Antonio Zea
Juan Francisco Antonio Hilarión Zea DÃaz (23 November 1766 – 28 November 1822) was a Neogranadine journalist, botanist, diplomat, politician, and statesman who served as Vice President of Colombia under then President Simón BolÃvar. He was also Ambassador of Colombia to the United Kingdom where he tried in vain to gain recognition for the nascent nation of Colombia. Family Francisco Antonio Zea was born in MedellÃn on 2 November 1766, the son of Don Pedro RodrÃguez de Zea Casafus, and MarÃa Rosalia Ignacia DÃaz Peláez, both of whose paternal family hailed from Spain while their respective maternal sides were from well established Criollo Paisa families. He was baptised on 23 November 1766, in the BasÃlica de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria, with the name Juan Francisco Antonio Hilarión Zea DÃaz. Zea married in Madrid in 1805 to Felipa Meilhon y Montemayor, a '' gaditana'' born in 1788, daughter of Juan Antonio Meilhon, a native of Béarn, France, and Antoni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco José De Caldas
Francisco José de Caldas (October 4, 1768 – October 28, 1816) was a Neogranadine lawyer, military engineer, self-taught naturalist, mathematician, geographer and inventor (he created the first hypsometer), who was executed by orders of General Pablo Morillo during the Spanish American Reconquista for being a forerunner of the fight for the independence of New Granada (modern day Colombia). Arguably the first Colombian scientist, he is often nicknamed "El Sabio" (Spanish for "The learned," "The sage" or "The wise"). Biography Early life Caldas was born in Popayán, in 1768. His parents were José de Caldas and Vicenta Tenorio, the aunt of fellow independence hero Camilo Torres Tenorio. Like his cousin, Caldas studied in the Seminary of Popayán, where he met others of the leaders of the Colombian independence movement like Francisco Antonio Zea. Also like his cousin, in 1788 and pressed by his father he moved to Santafé (modern day Bogotá) to study jurisprudence in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Camilo Torres Tenorio
José Camilo Clemente de Torres Tenorio (November 22, 1766 – October 5, 1816) was a Neogranadine independence leader and lawyer who also served as president of the United Provinces of New Granada. He is credited as being an early founder of the nation due to his role in early struggles for independence from Spain. Biography Torres was born in Popayán, Viceroyalty of New Granada in 1766. He was the son of Francisco Jerónimo Torres and MarÃa Teresa Tenorio. Torres studied in the Seminary of Popayán, where he met others of the leaders of the Colombian independence movement like Francisco Antonio Zea and his cousin, Francisco José de Caldas. He then moved to Santafé (now known as Bogotá), to study jurisprudence in the Colegio del Rosario, where he obtained a bachelor's degree in Canonical Law in June of 1790, and a J.D degree in 1791. He decided to settle in Santafé, where he opened an attorney's office. Torres married MarÃa Francisca Prieto y Ricaurte in 1802 i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
