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James Whitton
James Whitton was an architect and surveyor who worked in Lincoln, Lincolnshire from about 1846 to 1886. His most notable project was the design and layout of Skegness as a holiday resort for Richard Lumley, 9th Earl of Scarbrough. Career James Whitton started work around 1846 for the Lincoln architect William Adams Nicholson and after Nicholson's death in 1853 he continued to work for Michael Drury. In 1863 he set up his own practice at 27 Monks’ Road, Lincoln, when he described himself as ''Architect, Surveyor and House Agent''. Later that year he moved the business to 22 Silver Street, Lincoln, where he remained until moving to 22, Newland Lincoln. By 1880 he was at 7 Tentercroft Street, Lincoln and in 1886 he retired and sold the contents of his house by auction. He died, aged 84, at Poulton-le-Fylde in Lancashire on 2 February 1903. Initially most of Whitton's work was in Lincoln and between 1866 and 1882, he submitted forty applications for the construction of new ...
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Skegness
Skegness ( ) is a seaside town and civil parish in the East Lindsey District of Lincolnshire, England. On the Lincolnshire coast of the North Sea, the town is east of Lincoln and north-east of Boston. With a population of 19,579 as of 2011, it is the largest settlement in East Lindsey. It also incorporates Winthorpe and Seacroft, and forms a larger built-up area with the resorts of Ingoldmells and Chapel St Leonards to the north. The town is on the A52 and A158 roads, connecting it with Boston and the East Midlands, and Lincoln respectively. Skegness railway station is on the Nottingham to Skegness (via Grantham) line. The original Skegness was situated farther east at the mouth of The Wash. Its Norse name refers to a headland which sat near the settlement. By the 14th century, it was a locally important port for coastal trade. The natural sea defences which protected the harbour eroded in the later Middle Ages, and it was lost to the sea after a storm in the 1520s. Rebui ...
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Lincoln, Lincolnshire
Lincoln () is a cathedral city, a non-metropolitan district, and the county town of Lincolnshire, England. In the 2021 Census, the Lincoln district had a population of 103,813. The 2011 census gave the urban area of Lincoln, including North Hykeham and Waddington, a population of 115,000. Roman ''Lindum Colonia'' developed from an Iron Age settlement on the River Witham. Landmarks include Lincoln Cathedral (English Gothic architecture; for over 200 years the world's tallest building) and the 11th-century Norman Lincoln Castle. The city hosts the University of Lincoln, Bishop Grosseteste University, Lincoln City FC and Lincoln United FC. Lincoln is the largest settlement in Lincolnshire, with the towns of Grimsby second largest and Scunthorpe third. History Earliest history: ''Lincoln'' The earliest origins of Lincoln can be traced to remains of an Iron Age settlement of round wooden dwellings, discovered by archaeologists in 1972, which have been dated to the first cen ...
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Richard Lumley, 9th Earl Of Scarbrough
Lieutenant-Colonel Richard George Lumley, 9th Earl of Scarbrough (7 May 1813 – 5 December 1884) was an Anglo-Irish peer and soldier. Biography He was born at Tickhill Castle, the son and heir of Frederick Lumley-Saville (1788–1837), the only son of the fifth son of the fourth Earl of Scarbrough. His mother, Charlotte Mary (''née'' de la Poer Beresford), was the daughter of Rev. George Beresford, grandson of Marcus Beresford, 1st Earl of Tyrone. Educated at Eton College, he entered the army as a Cornet in the Hussars, and retired in 1837 as a Lieutenant-Colonel in the West Yorkshire Yeoman Cavalry. After retirement he entered politics as an elected representative peer and sat in the House of Lords until he inherited the family titles in October 1856.Cockayne, G.E., ''The Complete Peerage or a History of the House of Lords and All its Members From the Earliest Times, Vol. XI'' (London, 1888), 514-5. Lumley's predecessor, John Lumley-Savile, 8th Earl of Scarbrough, died wi ...
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William Adams Nicholson
William Adams Nicholson (1803–1853) was an English architect who worked in Lincoln and was a founding member of the Royal Institute of British Architects. Life Born on 8 August 1803 at Southwell, Nottinghamshire, he was the son of James Nicholson, a carpenter and joiner. James gave up his business about 1838 and became sub-agent to Sir Richard Sutton's estates in Nottinghamshire and Norfolk. William was articled about July 1821, for three years, to John Buonarotti Papworth, architect, of London. By 1824 Nicholson had returned to Southwell, where he worked with the Rev J. T.Becher on the design of the Southwell Workhouse. In 1828 he established himself at Lincoln and he built up an extensive practice in Lincolnshire and Nottinghamshire. From 1839 to 1846 he was in partnership as ''Nicholson & Goddard'', with Henry Goddard (1813–1899). Pupils of the practice were Augustus Hullock Morant, a relative of Nicholson's, Charles Baily of Newark and London, and Michael Drury who w ...
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Michael Drury
Michael Drury (1832 – after 1881) was an English architect working in Lincoln. Life Michael Drury was born about 1832 in Lincoln. He was apprenticed to the Lincoln architect William Adams Nicholson and appears to have continued his practice, working from No 1, Bank Street (on corner with Silver Street) in Lincoln. He became Lincoln City Surveyor and 1868 was called upon by the City Council to give evidence about the state of the drains in the city, which were giving rise to much ill health. Later in 1878 he was responsible for the new drainage and sewerage scheme for Lincoln and kept extensive notes on the many Roman discoveries that were made in the Bailgate and along the High Street in Lincoln. In 1863 he was the Curator and sub-treasurer of the Lincolnshire Architectural and Archaeological Society. In 1881 he was living at Foss Lodge, Lincoln. Drury specialised in church restoration work. The architect Albert Vicars, who specialised in church architecture served his ar ...
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Poulton-le-Fylde
Poulton-le-Fylde (), commonly shortened to Poulton, is a market town in Lancashire, England, situated on the coastal plain called the Fylde. In the 2001 United Kingdom census, it had a population of 18,264. There is evidence of human habitation in the area from 12,000 years ago and several archaeological finds from Roman settlement in England have been found in the area. At the time of the Norman conquest, Poulton was a small agricultural settlement in the hundred of Amounderness. The church of St Chad was recorded in 1094 when it was endowed to Lancaster Priory. By the post-Medieval period the town had become an important commercial centre for the region with weekly and triannual markets. Goods were imported and exported through two harbours on the River Wyre. In 1837, the town was described as the "metropolis of the Fylde", but its commercial importance waned from the mid-19th century with the development of the nearby coastal towns of Fleetwood and Blackpool. Poulton has ...
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Stallingborough
Stallingborough is a village and civil parish in North East Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 1,234. History Prehistory-1840 The area around Stallingborough may have been inhabited in prehistoric times; south-east of the village there is evidence of an Iron Age complex of enclosures. Stallingborough is recorded as a manor (as "Stalinburg" or "Stalingeburg") in the 11th century ''Domesday Book''. The medieval village of Stallingborough was to the west of the modern village and south of the 18th century church. The rights to hold a market and annual fair were granted by Henry III (13th century). Before the Black Death of the mid 14th century, the village had 50–60 households. This substantially decreased after the plague, but recovered to around 150 households by the mid 16th century. The medieval village is evidenced by earthworks, as well as cropmarks of fishponds, remains of ridge and furrow farming to the north, and a medieva ...
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Hanslope
Hanslope is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority area of the City of Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England. The village is about west northwest of Newport Pagnell, about north of Stony Stratford and north of Central Milton Keynes. The northern parish boundary is part of the county boundary with Northamptonshire. The West Coast Main Line between London Euston and Glasgow passes through the western part of the parish, just over west of the village. Toponymy The name of the village has evolved over the centuries. In the 11th century, it was variously spelt ''Hammescle'', ''Hanslepe'' or ''Anslepe''. In the 13th century, it was ''Hameslepe'' or '' Hamslape'', and the latter form continued in use into the 14th century. It was ''Hanslopp'' in the 15th century and ''Hanslap'' or ''Anslope'' in the 16th century. ''Anslap'', ''Anslapp'' and ''Hanslapp'' were used early in the 18th century and ''Hanslape'' was used in the 19th century. The toponym's etymology is ...
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High Victorian
High Victorian Gothic was an eclectic architectural style and movement during the mid-late 19th century. It is seen by architectural historians as either a sub-style of the broader Gothic Revival style, or a separate style in its own right. Promoted and derived from the works of the architect and theorist John Ruskin, though it eventually diverged, it is sometimes referred to as Ruskinian Gothic. It is characterised by the use of polychrome (multi-colour) decoration, "use of varying texture" and Gothic details. The architectural scholar James Stevens Curl describes it thus: "Style of the somewhat harsh polychrome structures of the Gothic Revival in the 1850s and 1860s when Ruskin held sway as the arbiter of taste. Like High Gothic, it is an unsatisfactory term, as it poses the question as to what is 'Low Victorian'. 'Mid-Victorian' would, perhaps, be more useful, but precise dates and description of styles would be more so." Among the best-known practitioners of the style were Wil ...
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Mintons
Mintons was a major company in Staffordshire pottery, "Europe's leading ceramic factory during the Victorian era", an independent business from 1793 to 1968. It was a leader in ceramic design, working in a number of different ceramic bodies, decorative techniques, and "a glorious pot-pourri of styles - Rococo shapes with Oriental motifs, Classical shapes with Medieval designs and Art Nouveau borders were among the many wonderful concoctions". As well as pottery vessels and sculptures, the firm was a leading manufacturer of tiles and other architectural ceramics, producing work for both the Houses of Parliament and United States Capitol. The family continued to control the business until the mid-20th century. Mintons had the usual Staffordshire variety of company and trading names over the years, and the products of all periods are generally referred to as either "Minton", as in "Minton china", or "Mintons", the mark used on many. Mintons Ltd was the company name from 1879 o ...
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Skegness Station
Skegness railway station serves the seaside resort of Skegness in Lincolnshire, England at the terminus of the '' Poacher Line''. The station is now owned by Network Rail and managed by East Midlands Railway, who provide all rail services that run to and from Nottingham. History The line to Wainfleet was opened in August 1871 by the Wainfleet and Firsby Railway. This line was then extended to Skegness; the station opened on 28 July 1873. Skegness was dubbed "the Blackpool of the East Coast" or "Nottingham by the Sea" and has a mascot, the Jolly Fisherman (designed by John Hassall in 1908 for the Great Northern Railway) and a slogan - "Skegness is so bracing" - a reference to the chilly prevailing north-easterly winds that can and frequently do blow off the North Sea. A statue of The Jolly Fisherman now greets passengers as they arrive at the station when entering through the main entrance. Up until 1966, the railway station had a goods yard with sheds; however, this are ...
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19th-century English Architects
The 19th (nineteenth) century began on 1 January 1801 ( MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 ( MCM). The 19th century was the ninth century of the 2nd millennium. The 19th century was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanding beyond its British homeland for the first time during this century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Islamic gunpowder empires fell into decline and European imperialism brought much of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and almost all of Africa under colonial rule. It was also marked by the collapse of the large S ...
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