William Adams Nicholson (1803–1853) was an English architect who worked in
Lincoln
Lincoln most commonly refers to:
* Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865), the sixteenth president of the United States
* Lincoln, England, cathedral city and county town of Lincolnshire, England
* Lincoln, Nebraska, the capital of Nebraska, U.S.
* Lincol ...
and was a founding member of the
Royal Institute of British Architects
The Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) is a professional body for architects primarily in the United Kingdom, but also internationally, founded for the advancement of architecture under its royal charter granted in 1837, three suppl ...
.
Life
Born on 8 August 1803 at
Southwell, Nottinghamshire
Southwell (, ) is a minster and market town in the district of Newark and Sherwood in Nottinghamshire, England. It is home to the grade-I listed Southwell Minster, the cathedral of the Anglican Diocese of Southwell and Nottingham. The populatio ...
, he was the son of James Nicholson, a carpenter and
joiner
A joiner is an artisan and tradesperson who builds things by joining pieces of wood, particularly lighter and more ornamental work than that done by a carpenter, including furniture and the "fittings" of a house, ship, etc. Joiners may work in ...
. James gave up his business about 1838 and became sub-agent to Sir Richard Sutton's estates in Nottinghamshire and
Norfolk
Norfolk () is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in East Anglia in England. It borders Lincolnshire to the north-west, Cambridgeshire to the west and south-west, and Suffolk to the south. Its northern and eastern boundaries are the No ...
. William was articled about July 1821, for three years, to
John Buonarotti Papworth
John Buonarotti Papworth (24 January 1775 – 16 June 1847) was a British architect, artist and a founder member of the Royal Institute of British Architects.
He adopted the middle name "Buonarotti" in around 1815.
As well as being active in ...
, architect, of London. By 1824 Nicholson had returned to Southwell, where he worked with the
Rev J. T.Becher on the design of the
Southwell Workhouse
The Workhouse, also known as Greet House, in the town of Southwell, Nottinghamshire, England, is a museum operated by the National Trust, opened to the public in 2002.Birthday party for workhouse. ''Chad'', 21 March 2012, p.14. Accessed 4 Febru ...
. In 1828 he established himself at
Lincoln
Lincoln most commonly refers to:
* Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865), the sixteenth president of the United States
* Lincoln, England, cathedral city and county town of Lincolnshire, England
* Lincoln, Nebraska, the capital of Nebraska, U.S.
* Lincol ...
and he built up an extensive practice in Lincolnshire and Nottinghamshire. From 1839 to 1846 he was in partnership as ''Nicholson & Goddard'', with
Henry Goddard (1813–1899). Pupils of the practice were Augustus Hullock Morant, a relative of Nicholson's,
Charles Baily of Newark and London, and
Michael Drury who was Nicholson's successor. His assistant John Spence Hardy and another pupil, Pearson Bellamy set up the practice of
Bellamy and Hardy
Bellamy and Hardy was an architectural practice in Lincoln, England, Lincoln, England, that specialised particularly in the design of public buildings and Nonconformist (Protestantism), non-conformist chapels. Pearson Bellamy had established his ...
in Lincoln after his death.
Nicholson joined the
Royal Institute of British Architects
The Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) is a professional body for architects primarily in the United Kingdom, but also internationally, founded for the advancement of architecture under its royal charter granted in 1837, three suppl ...
as a founding fellow at its commencement. He was a member of the Lincolnshire Literary Society, and of the Lincolnshire Topographical Society. He was in attendance at Boston as a professional witness when he was suddenly taken ill, and died there on 8 April 1853. He was buried at Lincoln, in the churchyard of St. Swithin, in the
parish
A parish is a territorial entity in many Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest, often termed a parish priest, who might be assisted by one or m ...
where he had resided for many years.
Family
In 1824 Nicholson married Leonora, the youngest daughter of
William Say of Norton Street, London. His second wife, Anne Tallant, survived him and was living at No. 1 Bank Street Lincoln in 1856.
Architectural works
Workhouses
![Southwell - Workhouse - geograph](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Southwell_-_Workhouse_-_geograph.org.uk_-_235938.jpg)
Possibly Nicholson's most important contribution was in the design of Workhouses. His pioneering Southwell Workhouse (1824) was important forerunner of the radially planned workhouses of the New Poor Law. Nicholson was to go on to design workhouses at
Glanford Brigg
Brigg ( /'brɪg/) is a market town in North Lincolnshire, England, with a population of 5,076 in the 2001 UK census, the population increased to 5,626 at the 2011 census. The town lies at the junction of the River Ancholme and east–west tran ...
in 1836 and at Lincoln in 1837-1838 - both of which have now been demolished.
![Southwell Workhouse](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Southwell_Workhouse.jpg)
*
Southwell Workhouse
The Workhouse, also known as Greet House, in the town of Southwell, Nottinghamshire, England, is a museum operated by the National Trust, opened to the public in 2002.Birthday party for workhouse. ''Chad'', 21 March 2012, p.14. Accessed 4 Febru ...
*Glanford-Brigg Workhouse
*Lincoln Workhouse. Lincoln Union Workhouse was erected between 1837 and 1838.
Public buildings
![Mansfield Old Town Hall and Old Court](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Mansfield_Old_Town_Hall_and_Old_Court.JPG)
As well as working in the
Gothic revival
Gothic Revival (also referred to as Victorian Gothic, neo-Gothic, or Gothick) is an architectural movement that began in the late 1740s in England. The movement gained momentum and expanded in the first half of the 19th century, as increasingly ...
style of architecture, Nicholson could also work very effectively in classical styles. He designed the Mansfield Town Hall in a
Grecian
The Greeks or Hellenes (; el, Έλληνες, ''Éllines'' ) are an ethnic group and nation indigenous to the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea regions, namely Greece, Cyprus, Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt, and, to a lesser extent, oth ...
style
portico
A portico is a porch leading to the entrance of a building, or extended as a colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway, supported by columns or enclosed by walls. This idea was widely used in ancient Greece and has influenced many cult ...
with
Doric columns
The Doric order was one of the three orders of ancient Greek and later Roman architecture; the other two canonical orders were the Ionic and the Corinthian. The Doric is most easily recognized by the simple circular capitals at the top of col ...
. More striking is the Corn Exchange of 1847 in the Cornhill Lincoln. Here he has a projecting
portico
A portico is a porch leading to the entrance of a building, or extended as a colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway, supported by columns or enclosed by walls. This idea was widely used in ancient Greece and has influenced many cult ...
with
Corinthian Corinthian or Corinthians may refer to:
*Several Pauline epistles, books of the New Testament of the Bible:
**First Epistle to the Corinthians
**Second Epistle to the Corinthians
**Third Epistle to the Corinthians (Orthodox)
*A demonym relating to ...
columns at
Piano nobile
The ''piano nobile'' (Italian for "noble floor" or "noble level", also sometimes referred to by the corresponding French term, ''bel étage'') is the principal floor of a palazzo. This floor contains the main reception and bedrooms of the hou ...
level.
*
Mansfield Town Hall. 1836. In a heavy neo-classical style with a four column
Tuscan porch.
*The Nottingham Dispensary, No 12. Broad Street, Nottingham. 1841-3. Classical rendered front with full-height ionic pilasters above a rusticated ground floor.
*Mayor's Parlour, added the Stonebow, Lincoln.
![Stonebow, Lincoln 01](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Stonebow%2C_Lincoln_01.JPG)
. Nicholson made extensive alterations to the east end of the Stonebow, when the building that had housed the old City prison was pulled down. The present building to the east of the Stonebow, completed in 1842, now contains the Mayor's Parlour
*The County Prison in Lincoln Castle. In 1847-8 the prison was enlarged following plans by Nicholson and Goddard. A new range was built parallel to the original building of 1787 and linked to it with a corridor. The new range was sparsely detailed but with two massive lateral
chimney
A chimney is an architectural ventilation structure made of masonry, clay or metal that isolates hot toxic exhaust gases or smoke produced by a boiler, stove, furnace, incinerator, or fireplace from human living areas. Chimneys are typic ...
stacks. At the east end of this range was the prison chapel. As the prison operated the ''Silent System'' there were separate cubicles for each prisoner and the cubicles were arranged so that prisoners could see the preacher, but not each other.
![Lincoln St Mark's Station](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Lincoln_St_Mark%27s_Station.jpg)
*Lincoln Stock Library. 227 High Street,(1841)-on the corner of Mint Street. Built as premises for the Library over a grocers shop by Mr Collingham. Italianate frontage. Closed c1907 when the Library was incorporated into the new City Library in Free School Lane. Later the building became part of Mawer and Collingham Department Store.
*St. Mark's Station, High Street, Lincoln. It has been suggested that Nicholson was the architect for St Mark's station in Lincoln High Street of 1846 - the centre with a massive Ionic portico and fluted columns and the side pavilions with Doric
pilasters
In classical architecture, a pilaster is an architectural element used to give the appearance of a supporting column and to articulate an extent of wall, with only an ornamental function. It consists of a flat surface raised from the main wall ...
. However, this attribution lacks definite documentation. A surviving drawing of the facade station of the station is signed I.A. Davies. J.A.Davies was an architect employed by the railway engineer
Frederick Swanwick
Frederick Swanwick (1810–1885) was an English civil engineer who assisted George and Robert Stephenson. He was responsible for much of the work on railways in the North and Midlands of England, particularly the Whitby and Pickering Railway a ...
and was later in practice in Chesterfield as Davies and Tew. Davies was also responsible for
Newark Castle railway station
Newark Castle railway station is a Grade II listed railway station which serves the town of Newark in Nottinghamshire, England.
History
It was built in 1846 for the Midland Railway in the Italianate style. It is on the Nottingham to Linco ...
Country houses
![Bayons Manor 1859](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Bayons_Manor_1859.jpg)
*Worsbough Hall, Barnsley, South Yorkshire. Extended and altered for W. B. Martin in Elizabethan style with a centre and two wings. It was let to a local colliery owner then bought by the National Coal board and used as offices. When they moved out in the early 1960s it was left empty and decaying. It is now being converted modern luxury apartments.
*Bayons Manor,
Tealby
Tealby is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England, situated on the edge of the Lincolnshire Wolds and north-east of Market Rasen. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 593.
Commun ...
, Lincolnshire. Built between 1836 and 1842 for Charles Tennyson D'eyncourt, to designs by William Nicholson and with contributions made by
Anthony Salvin
Anthony Salvin (17 October 1799 – 17 December 1881) was an English architect. He gained a reputation as an expert on medieval buildings and applied this expertise to his new buildings and his restorations. He restored castles and country ho ...
. It consisted of castellated mansion with a moat, machicolated and embattled towers, curtain-wall and great hall with a hammer-beam roof. It was situated on rising ground to provide a picturesque scene and to give the widest views. The house was occupied by troops during the Second World War, and was sold in 1944. After many years of neglect it was blown up in 1964.
*
Brattleby
Brattleby is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 111, having slightly fallen from a figure of 113 quoted on the 2001 census. It is situate ...
Hall, Lincolnshire. Small country house of c1780, remodelled for Edward Wright in 1838-9 by William Nicholson, with additions of 1875-80. Three storeyed house which is cement or stucco faced. Three bay front with
quoin
Quoins ( or ) are masonry blocks at the corner of a wall. Some are structural, providing strength for a wall made with inferior stone or rubble, while others merely add aesthetic detail to a corner. According to one 19th century encyclopedia, t ...
s. Central doorway with paired, partially glazed doors flanked by paired
ionic pilasters.
![The Approach To Oxcombe Manor - geograph](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/The_Approach_To_Oxcombe_Manor_-_geograph.org.uk_-_161771.jpg)
*
South Elkington Hall near Louth. c.1841. A mansion in Italianate style with a tower. Now partiality demolished.
*
Oxcombe House. In the style of Nicholson. Built in 1845. Tudoresque, with mullioned and transomed windows. Buttresses crowned by turrets on either side of the porch.
*The Vicarage, Brigg Road,
Hibaldstow
Hibaldstow is a village and civil parish in North Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 2,433. It is situated on the B1206 road, south from Brigg and the M180. The site of the deserted medieval vill ...
, Lincolnshire. 1851-52 by Williams Adams Nicholson. Red brick with stucco details, Welsh slate roof. Internal entrance porch with surround of square columns supporting plain
entablature
An entablature (; nativization of Italian , from "in" and "table") is the superstructure of moldings and bands which lies horizontally above columns, resting on their capitals. Entablatures are major elements of classical architecture, and ...
and hood; half-glazed door in reveal with margin lights above two panels.
Church buildings and restoration
![The Church of St John the Evangelist, Brigg - geograph](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/The_Church_of_St_John_the_Evangelist%2C_Brigg_-_geograph.org.uk_-_661300.jpg)
![All Saints church, Wragby (geograph 4951932)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/All_Saints_church%2C_Wragby_%28geograph_4951932%29.jpg)
*Christ Church,
Newark on Trent
Newark-on-Trent or Newark () is a market town and civil parish in the Newark and Sherwood district in Nottinghamshire, England. It is on the River Trent, and was historically a major inland port. The A1 road bypasses the town on the line of th ...
.(1836) According to
Sir Nikolaus Pevsner
Sir Nikolaus Bernhard Leon Pevsner (30 January 1902 – 18 August 1983) was a German-British art historian and architectural historian best known for his monumental 46-volume series of county-by-county guides, '' The Buildings of England'' ( ...
following
Sir Howard Colvin
Sir Howard Montagu Colvin (15 October 1919 – 27 December 2007) was a British architectural historian who produced two of the most outstanding works of scholarship in his field: ''A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects, 1600–1840' ...
this church was designed by John Davies Paine, a London architect. However the report on the laying of the foundation stone in the
Stamford Mercury
The ''Stamford Mercury'' (also the ''Lincoln, Rutland and Stamford Mercury'', the ''Rutland and Stamford Mercury'', and the ''Rutland Mercury'') based in Stamford, Lincolnshire, England, claims to be "Britain's oldest continuously published news ...
states that the architect was W.A.Nicholson of Lincoln. The evidence that Paine was the architect is based on a design that he displayed at the
Royal Academy
The Royal Academy of Arts (RA) is an art institution based in Burlington House on Piccadilly in London. Founded in 1768, it has a unique position as an independent, privately funded institution led by eminent artists and architects. Its pur ...
, but there is no certainty that this was selected, so on the basis of the newspaper account it seems likely that the architect was Nicholson. The church is of stock or "gault" brick with three gables and three lancet windows in the central gable. Galleries on cast iron columns and a tall lancet arch to the straight ended chancel.
*
Wragby
Wragby ( ) is a town and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated at the junction of the A157 and A158 roads, and approximately north-west from Horncastle and about north-east of Lincoln.
Histor ...
, All Saints. 1839. Yellow brick in the style of a
Commissioners' church
A Commissioners' church, also known as a Waterloo church and Million Act church, is an Anglican church in the United Kingdom built with money voted by Parliament as a result of the Church Building Acts of 1818 and 1824. The 1818 Act supplied ...
. The detailing on the tower is very similar to that used by Nicholson on Brigg church.
*
Scawby
Scawby is a village and civil parish in North Lincolnshire, England. It is situated south-west from Brigg, and just east from the A15 road, and south from the M180 motorway. According to the 2001 Census, Scawby population (including Sturton) ...
1840-2. North Lincolnshire. The church of St
Hybald
Saint Hybald ( fl. c. 664 – c. 690), also known as Higbald, Hibald or Hygbald, was a 7th-century Saxon saint. His feastdays are 18 September and 14 December (Orthodox).
Life and legacy
The Venerable Bede, in his ''Ecclesiastical His ...
is dedicated to a 7th-century
Saxon
The Saxons ( la, Saxones, german: Sachsen, ang, Seaxan, osx, Sahson, nds, Sassen, nl, Saksen) were a group of Germanic
*
*
*
*
peoples whose name was given in the early Middle Ages to a large country (Old Saxony, la, Saxonia) near the Nor ...
The tower is original, of the 15th century, with 13th-century work at the base, but the remainder of the church was substantially rebuilt in 1840-2 by Nicholson, and in 1870 by
James Fowler of Louth.
![St Andrew's , Boothby Graffoe, Lincolnshire](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/St_Andrew%27s_%2C_Boothby_Graffoe%2C_Lincolnshire.jpg)
*
Boothby Graffoe
Boothby Graffoe is a village and civil parish in the North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 223. It is situated approximately south from the city and county town of Lincoln, ...
, St Andrew. Lincolnshire. The Church was rebuilt by W. A. Nicholson in 1842. In an early Decorative revival style, with a W. tower, nave , chancel and S. porch.
*
Glandford-Brigg St.John the Evangelist's church. Rebuilt By W.A.Nicholson 1841-3. Neo Early English Style with a SE tower incorporating the porch.. Inside arcades of octagonal piers and double-chamfered arches.
*
Kirmond le Mire
Kirmond le Mire is a small village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the B1203 road, east from Market Rasen and south-west from Grimsby. It is in the civil parish of Thoresway.
Kirmo ...
, Lincolnshire. Built in 1847
*
St Peter at Gowts
St Peter at Gowts is a Grade I listed parish church in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England.
History
The church dates from the 11th century. The north aisle and porch were built in 1852 to designs of William Adams Nicholson. The chancel was enlarged ...
church, Lincoln, The north aisle and porch were built in 1852 to designs by Nicholson.
Churches possibly built jointly with George Rivas Willoughby of Louth
![Oxcombe church 01](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Oxcombe_church_01.jpg)
This group of churches, in the vicinity of Louth, present a problem. They have similar design characteristics, and while they appear to be by the same architect they have been attributed to either Nicholson or to the Louth architect G. R. Willoughby. Little is known about Willoughby, although he was still working in 1868 It may be that Willoughby was the supervising architect for these churches and Nicholson had supplied the plans. Leech has argued that the main design input may have come from Willoughby, as they are distinct from the other churches built by Nicholson Nicholson worked extensively for the Chaplin family of
Blankney, so it might well be expected that he was the architect selected when the Rev Henry Chaplin paid for the new churches at
Haugham
Haugham is a village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated south from Louth, Lincolnshire, Louth. The Prime Meridian passes directly through Haugham.
History
According to ''A Dictionary of Briti ...
and Raithby.
["Antram", pg. 625] Antram has described these churches as being ''pre-archaeological'' and gimmicky,
yet many of the features described, such as the
crockets
A crocket (or croquet) is a small, independent decorative element common in Gothic architecture. The name derives from the diminutive of the French ''croc'', meaning "hook", due to the resemblance of crockets to a bishop's crosier.
Description
...
, appear to be closely copied from the limestone churches in the Grantham area. The
flying buttress
The flying buttress (''arc-boutant'', arch buttress) is a specific form of buttress composed of an arch that extends from the upper portion of a wall to a pier of great mass, in order to convey lateral forces to the ground that are necessary to pu ...
es used to supported the crocheted spires, as at Haugham, are similar to those on Louth church.
["Antram", pg. 372] This group of churches have been built of brick, but cement or stucco rendered, to give the impression of
ashlar
Ashlar () is finely dressed (cut, worked) stone, either an individual stone that has been worked until squared, or a structure built from such stones. Ashlar is the finest stone masonry unit, generally rectangular cuboid, mentioned by Vitruv ...
masonry.
Documentary research
Documentary research is the use of outside sources, documents, to support the viewpoint or argument of an academic work. The process of documentary research
Research is " creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of ...
may resolve the problem as to who was the architect of these churches.
*
Raithby by Louth Rebuilt in 1836-7 in the ''florid Gothic style'', mainly at the expense of the patron (Charles Chaplin) and the Rector .
*
Haugham
Haugham is a village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated south from Louth, Lincolnshire, Louth. The Prime Meridian passes directly through Haugham.
History
According to ''A Dictionary of Briti ...
, nr. Louth, Lincolnshire. !840-1. Brick, spire supported by flying buttresses. By G R Willoughby, but presumably in association with Nicholson. The church was cement rendered to give the impression that it was built of stone.
*
Oxcombe, All Saints Church. Built in 1842 and attributed to the architect William Adams Nicholson. A small church, built in brick with an octagonal west tower, which also forms the porch to the church It has a two bay nave with a chancel with a three sided
apse
In architecture, an apse (plural apses; from Latin 'arch, vault' from Ancient Greek 'arch'; sometimes written apsis, plural apsides) is a semicircular recess covered with a hemispherical vault or semi-dome, also known as an ''exedra''. In ...
. The bell stage of the tower is an open stone lantern with cast-iron pinnacles. The church was declared redundant in 1980 and is in the care of the Lincolnshire Old Churches Trust.
*
Biscathorpe
Gallery: Churches by W. A. Nicholson
Chapels
![Big Wesley Chapel, Clasketgate, Lincoln](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Big_Wesley_Chapel%2C_Clasketgate%2C_Lincoln.jpg)
*''The Big Wesley'' at the junction of Clasketgate and Danesgate in Lincoln. Wesleyan Chapel of 1837, built for 1400 persons. Demolished in 1963. Built in Neo-classical style. Pevsner remarks ''A pastiche of Smirke's "Cubist" style, that is, an essay in intersecting cubes. Front with
Ionic portico
in antis
An anta (pl. antæ, antae, or antas; Latin, possibly from ''ante'', "before" or "in front of"), or sometimes parastas (pl. parastades), is an architectural term describing the posts or pillars on either side of a doorway or entrance of a Greek ...
''. Built in brick and stuccoed.
![Bassingham Wesleyan Methodist Church - geograph](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Bassingham_Wesleyan_Methodist_Church_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1017296.jpg)
*Wesleyan Chapel,
Bassingham, Lincolnshire (1839). Nicholson advertised for tenders for the construction of a chapel in July 1839. The chapel was rebuilt at the cost of £1000 on the site of an earlier chapel of 1802. A Wesleyan School and a teacher's house were added in 1855. The chapel is still in use. The chapel is a large square box shaped building with two tiers of windows on the sides. The front elevation has a central door and above the door, flanked by brackets, an inscription 'Wesleyan Chapel MDCCCXXX'. The upper storey of the front elevation has three bays of segmental-headed windows separated by pilasters.
School
![Eastgate School Lincoln](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Eastgate_School_Lincoln.jpg)
*St Peter in Eastgate Primary School, Eastgate, Lincoln. 1851. Pevsner described this as a ''Tudoresque villagey school''. A further school was built on this site by
William Watkins, in 1881 which was combined with the earlier school.
Estate housing
![Home Farmhouse B1188 Main Street Blankney (geograph 3544008)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Home_Farmhouse_B1188_Main_Street_Blankney_%28geograph_3544008%29.jpg)
*The village of
Blankney, near Lincoln, was almost rebuilt for Charles Chaplin. The village was laid out by Nicholson in the 1830s and 1840s and later housing may have been added by
William Watkins (architect)
William Watkins (1834–1926) was an architect who worked in Lincoln, England, and is particularly noted for his Terracotta Revival Architecture.
Career
Watkins was articled to the Worcester architect Henry Day between 1854 and 1859, and he the ...
in 1876. Nicholson's work can be recognised by the ''shaped''
gable
A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system used, which reflects climate, material availability, and aesth ...
s and the tall chimney stacks. The village school is described as being '' a neat building in Elizabethan style''.
*
Leadenham
__NOTOC__
Leadenham is a village and civil parish in North Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 410. It lies north from Grantham, 14 miles (22 km) south of Lincoln and ...
Nicholson put up farm buildings on the estates of General Reeve of
Leadenham House
Leadenham House is a Grade II* listed Georgian country house in Leadenham, Lincolnshire, England.
The house is constructed in '2½ storeys' of ashlar and dressed limestone rubble with ashlar dressings and a slate hipped roof with a 7 bay frontag ...
.
*
Stamford. Nicholson undertook work for Sir John Wyldbore Smith, bart. of Blandford in Dorset who held land in Stamford.
* Work on the estates of C. Turnor, of Stoke Rocheford which included church and farmhouse additions and alterations at Great Ponton, Panton, Lissington, Langworth, East Torrington, East Barkwith, Wragby, Binbrook and Kirmond le Mire.
[Squires, Stewart; ''Christopher Turnor 1809-1886 and his Influence on Lincolnshire Buildings'', Journal of the Historic Farm Buildings Group,]
*Grange Farm, Little Ponton-built for Christopher Turnor.
Gallery of estate villages and buildings by Nicholson
File:Blankney cottages (geograph 2435190).jpg, Blankney cottages
File:Cottage on the corner of Sleaford Road, Blankney (geograph 3079751).jpg, Cottage on the corner of Sleaford Road, Blankney
File:The former school, Blankney (2) (geograph 3079772).jpg, The former school, Blankney
File:The Lodge, B1188 Main Street, Blankney (geograph 3544068).jpg, The Lodge, B1188 Main Street, Blankney
Literature
*Antram N (revised), Pevsner N & Harris J, (1989), ''The Buildings of England: Lincolnshire'', Yale University Press.
*Antonia Brodie (ed), ''Directory of British Architects, 1834–1914'': 2 Vols, British Architectural Library, Royal Institute of British Architects, 2001, Vol 2, pp. 264 and 565.
*Colvin H. A (1995), ''Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1600-1840''. Yale University Press, 3rd edition London, p. 1140.
*Morrison K. (1999), ''The Workhouse: A Study of Poor-Law Buildings in England'', English Heritage/RCHME,
*Obituary in the ''Builder'', Vol.11, 23rd Apr 1853, p. 262.
*Obituary in the ''Civil Engineer & Architect's Journal''
ondon Vol. 16, May 1853, p. 197.
References
;Attribution
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nicholson, William Adams
1803 births
1853 deaths
19th-century English architects
English ecclesiastical architects
Architects from Lincolnshire