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Ivan Šramko
Ivan Šramko (born 3 September 1957 in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia) served as the Governor of National Bank of Slovakia since January 2005 to January 2010. Šramko is notable for overseeing Slovakia's adoption of the Euro currency in 2009. As a Governor, he was considered an inflation hawk. Career Šramko studied at the University of Economics in Bratislava, graduating in 1980 in Management. In the 1990s he served on managing boards of various Slovak banks. Šramko joined the Board of the National Bank of Slovakia in 2002 as Deputy Governor and was appointed Governor effective 1 January 2005. After the end of his term as the Governor he was appointed the ambassador of Slovakia to the OECD The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; french: Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, ''OCDE'') is an intergovernmental organisation with 38 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate e .... Between 2012 and 2020 he served as the C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Bank Of Slovakia
National Bank of Slovakia ( sk, Národná banka Slovenska, NBS), is the central bank of Slovakia, a member state of the European Union since 2004 and of the euro area since 2009. It was formed on from the division of the State Bank of Czechoslovakia as part of the process of dissolution of Czechoslovakia, together with the Czech National Bank. In addition to its headquarters in Bratislava, the National Bank has 5 regional offices. The National Bank is an independent institution, whose main goal is to hold price stability. On the basis of authority bestowed upon the bank by the Slovak Government, the Bank represents Slovakia in international financial institutions and in international money market transactions related to monetary policy performance. As of late 2022, the governor of the National Bank was Peter Kažimír, who took up the post on 1 June 2019.Slovak Spectator (13 March 2019)Kažimír appointed as new governor of Slovakia's central bank''Slovak Spectator''. Or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marián Jusko
Marián Jusko (born 24 March 1956 in Prešov, Czechoslovakia) served as the Governor of National Bank of Slovakia since July 1999 to December 2004. Being a deputy of his predecessor, governor Masár, Jusko's appointment was generally seen as a representative of continuity in the governance of the bank. As a governor, Jusko focused on building the credibility of the institution in order to preserve the public trust in the National Bank of Slovakia, which had been damaged by big profile failures of several state-owned banks. Career Marián Jusko started his professional life as an academic at the University of Economics in Bratislava in the 1980s. In 1991, he became a Deputy Minister of Privatization under Ivan Mikloš. Following its establishment, Jusko joined the National Bank of Slovakia, serving as a Member of its Governing Board and Deputy Governor between 1994 and 1999. After the end of his term as the governor, Jusko served as the chairman of the board at Slovnaft Slovn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jozef Makúch
Jozef Makúch (born 26 August 1953 in Podhájska, Czechoslovakia) was the Governor of National Bank of Slovakia since January 2010 to June 2019. Makúch quit ahead of the end of his second mandate in January 2021, citing concerns about central bank independence he deemed threatened by the "political wrangling" he expected to follow the 2020 Slovak parliamentary election. Career Makúch studied at the University of Economics in Bratislava, graduating in 1976 in Economics. In 1985 he completed his postgraduate studies. Makúch worked at the National Bank of Slovakia's predecessor Czechoslovak State Bank since 1989. Upon independence of Slovakia he became a member of the newly founded Central Bank's Governing Board. In 2000 he left the National Bank of Slovakia to lead the Financial Markets Authority. He rejoined the bank again in 2006 when the institution was merged with the Central Bank and again became a Board Member. He was named Bank's governor in 2010 by the President of Sl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bratislava
Bratislava (, also ; ; german: Preßburg/Pressburg ; hu, Pozsony) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Slovakia. Officially, the population of the city is about 475,000; however, it is estimated to be more than 660,000 — approximately 140% of the official figures. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia at the foot of the Little Carpathians, occupying both banks of the River Danube and the left bank of the Morava (river), River Morava. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital that borders two sovereign states. The city's history has been influenced by people of many nations and religions, including Austrians, Bulgarians, Croats, Czechs, Germans, Hungarian people, Hungarians, Jews, Romani people, Romani, Serbs and Slovaks. It was the coronation site and legislative center and capital of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1536 to 1783; eleven King of Hungary, Hungarian kings and eight queens were crowned in St Martin's Cathedral, Bratislava, St Martin' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Czechoslovakia
, rue, Чеськословеньско, , yi, טשעכאסלאוואקיי, , common_name = Czechoslovakia , life_span = 1918–19391945–1992 , p1 = Austria-Hungary , image_p1 = , s1 = Czech Republic , flag_s1 = Flag of the Czech Republic.svg , s2 = Slovakia , flag_s2 = Flag of Slovakia.svg , image_flag = Flag of Czechoslovakia.svg , flag = Flag of Czechoslovakia , flag_type = Flag(1920–1992) , flag_border = Flag of Czechoslovakia , image_coat = Middle coat of arms of Czechoslovakia.svg , symbol_type = Middle coat of arms(1918–1938 and 1945–1961) , image_map = Czechoslovakia location map.svg , image_map_caption = Czechoslovakia during the interwar period and the Cold War , national_motto = , anthems = ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slovakia
Slovakia (; sk, Slovensko ), officially the Slovak Republic ( sk, Slovenská republika, links=no ), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the southwest, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's mostly mountainous territory spans about , with a population of over 5.4 million. The capital and largest city is Bratislava, while the second largest city is Košice. The Slavs arrived in the territory of present-day Slovakia in the fifth and sixth centuries. In the seventh century, they played a significant role in the creation of Samo's Empire. In the ninth century, they established the Principality of Nitra, which was later conquered by the Principality of Moravia to establish Great Moravia. In the 10th century, after the dissolution of Great Moravia, the territory was integrated into the Principality of Hungary, which then became the Kingdom of Hungary in 1000. In 1241 a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
University Of Economics In Bratislava
The University of Economics in Bratislava ( sk, Ekonomická univerzita v Bratislave) is the oldest university of economics in Slovakia. History The university was established in 1940 as a private university under the name Vysoká obchodná škola v Bratislave (College of Commerce in Bratislava), to serve Slovak students because of the closure of colleges and universities in the German-occupied Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia; cs, Protektorát Čechy a Morava; its territory was called by the Nazis ("the rest of Czechia"). was a partially annexed territory of Nazi Germany established on 16 March 1939 following the German oc .... It was nationalized in 1945 and renamed to ''Slovenská vysoká škola obchodná'' (Slovak College of Commerce). It was renamed in 1949 to ''Vysoká škola hospodárskych vied'' (College of Business / Economic Sciences) and once again in 1952 to ''Vysoká škola ekonomická'' (College of Economics). The cu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euro Currency
The euro ( symbol: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of 19 out of the member states of the European Union (EU). This group of states is known as the eurozone or, officially, the euro area, and includes about 340 million citizens . The euro is divided into 100 cents. The currency is also used officially by the institutions of the European Union, by four European microstates that are not EU members, the British Overseas Territory of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, as well as unilaterally by Montenegro and Kosovo. Outside Europe, a number of special territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency. Additionally, over 200 million people worldwide use currencies pegged to the euro. As of 2013, the euro is the second-largest reserve currency as well as the second-most traded currency in the world after the United States dollar. , with more than €1.3 trillion in circulation, the euro has one of the highest combined values of banknotes and coins in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monetary Hawk And Dove
A monetary hawk, or hawk for short, is someone who advocates keeping inflation low as the top priority in monetary policy. In contrast, a monetary dove is someone who emphasizes other issues, especially low unemployment, over low inflation. The two terms are commonly used in the United States to describe members and nominees to the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, who have major influence on United States monetary policy in their roles as Federal Reserve Governors and as members of the Federal Open Market Committee. The terms are also used outside of the United States, in places such as the United Kingdom and India. The term "pigeon" has been used to describe individuals who take positions between those of hawks and doves, although the term "centrist" is also used. Doves generally are more in favor of expansionary monetary policy, including low interest rates, while hawks tend to favor "tight" monetary policy. For example, doves in the United States tend to favor quantitative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OECD
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; french: Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, ''OCDE'') is an intergovernmental organisation with 38 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and world trade. It is a forum whose member countries describe themselves as committed to democracy and the market economy, providing a platform to compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practices, and coordinate domestic and international policies of its members. The majority of OECD members are high-income economies with a very high Human Development Index (HDI), and are regarded as developed countries. Their collective population is 1.38 billion. , the OECD member countries collectively comprised 62.2% of global nominal GDP (US$49.6 trillion) and 42.8% of global GDP ( Int$54.2 trillion) at purchasing power parity. The OECD is an official United Nations observer. In April 1948, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1957 Births
1957 ( MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1957th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 957th year of the 2nd millennium, the 57th year of the 20th century, and the 8th year of the 1950s decade. Events January * January 1 – The Saarland joins West Germany. * January 3 – Hamilton Watch Company introduces the first electric watch. * January 5 – South African player Russell Endean becomes the first batsman to be dismissed for having ''handled the ball'', in Test cricket. * January 9 – British Prime Minister Anthony Eden resigns. * January 10 – Harold Macmillan becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * January 11 – The African Convention is founded in Dakar. * January 14 – Kripalu Maharaj is named fifth Jagadguru (world teacher), after giving seven days of speeches before 500 Hindu scholars. * January 15 – The film ''Throne of Blood'', Akira Kurosawa's reworking of '' Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governors Of The National Bank Of Slovakia
A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political region or polity, a ''governor'' may be either appointed or elected, and the governor's powers can vary significantly, depending on the public laws in place locally. The adjective pertaining to a governor is gubernatorial, from the Latin root ''gubernare''. Ancient empires Pre-Roman empires Though the legal and administrative framework of provinces, each administrated by a governor, was created by the Romans, the term ''governor'' has been a convenient term for historians to describe similar systems in antiquity. Indeed, many regions of the pre-Roman antiquity were ultimately replaced by Roman 'standardized' provincial governments after their conquest by Rome. Plato used the metaphor of turning the Ship of State with a rudder; the Latin wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
