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International Union Of Hairdressers
The International Union of Hairdressers was a global union federation bringing together trade unions representing hairdressers. In the late 19th-century and early 20th-century, many German hairdressers found work in other European countries, and this led the German Union of Hairdressers and Assistants to build links with unions in those other nations. In 1907, it organised a conference in Stuttgart, at which the International Union of Hairdressers was founded. The headquarters of the international trade secretariat were initially in Hamburg, but moved to Berlin in 1908. It ceased to function during World War I, but was re-established in 1921 by its former leadership. One of the smaller secretariats, in 1925, it had nine affiliates with a total of only 8,860 members. In 1933, its headquarters moved to Copenhagen, and by 1935 it had affiliates in Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Hungary, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden. The federation again became moribund during World War II ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Global Union Federation
A global union federation (GUF) is an international federation of national trade unions organizing in specific industry sectors or occupational groups. Historically, such federations in the social democratic tradition described as international trade secretariats (ITS),. while those in the Christian democratic tradition described themselves as international trade federations. Equivalent sectoral bodies linked to the World Federation of Trade Unions described themselves as Trade Union Internationals. Many unions are members of one or more global union federations, relevant to the sectors where they have their members. Individual unions may also be affiliated to a national trade union centre, which in turn can be affiliated to the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) or the WFTU. Current federations Former secretariats See also *Global Unions Global Unions or Council of Global Unions is a website, which is jointly owned and managed by the International Trade ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Hairdressers And Assistants
The Union of Hairdressers and Assistants (german: Arbeitnehmerverband des Friseur- und Haargewerbes) was a trade union representing workers in the hairdressing industry in Germany. History The union was founded in 1889, as the Union of German Barbers, Hairdressers and Wig Makers, largely on the initiative of Paul Heidmann, who became the first editor of its journal, ''Der Kundschafter'', and later served as its leader. It struggled through the late 1890s, but after Friedrich Etzkorn became its president, in 1900, it grew rapidly. becoming the Union of Hairdressing Assistants of Germany in 1903. It was also central to forming the International Union of Hairdressers in 1907, with Etkorn becoming its leader, too. Members The union was a founding affiliate of the General German Trade Union Confederation in 1919, and that year renamed itself as the "Union of Hairdressers and Assistants". In 1920, membership reached 12,000, but Etzkorn resigned the following year, and the union dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stuttgart
Stuttgart (; Swabian: ; ) is the capital and largest city of the German state of Baden-Württemberg. It is located on the Neckar river in a fertile valley known as the ''Stuttgarter Kessel'' (Stuttgart Cauldron) and lies an hour from the Swabian Jura and the Black Forest. Stuttgart has a population of 635,911, making it the sixth largest city in Germany. 2.8 million people live in the city's administrative region and 5.3 million people in its metropolitan area, making it the fourth largest metropolitan area in Germany. The city and metropolitan area are consistently ranked among the top 20 European metropolitan areas by GDP; Mercer listed Stuttgart as 21st on its 2015 list of cities by quality of living; innovation agency 2thinknow ranked the city 24th globally out of 442 cities in its Innovation Cities Index; and the Globalization and World Cities Research Network ranked the city as a Beta-status global city in their 2020 survey. Stuttgart was one of the host cities ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamburg
(male), (female) en, Hamburger(s), Hamburgian(s) , timezone1 = Central (CET) , utc_offset1 = +1 , timezone1_DST = Central (CEST) , utc_offset1_DST = +2 , postal_code_type = Postal code(s) , postal_code = 20001–21149, 22001–22769 , area_code_type = Area code(s) , area_code = 040 , registration_plate = , blank_name_sec1 = GRP (nominal) , blank_info_sec1 = €123 billion (2019) , blank1_name_sec1 = GRP per capita , blank1_info_sec1 = €67,000 (2019) , blank1_name_sec2 = HDI (2018) , blank1_info_sec2 = 0.976 · 1st of 16 , iso_code = DE-HH , blank_name_sec2 = NUTS Region , blank_info_sec2 = DE6 , website = , footnotes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fighting occurring throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the Pacific, and parts of Asia. An estimated 9 million soldiers were killed in combat, plus another 23 million wounded, while 5 million civilians died as a result of military action, hunger, and disease. Millions more died in genocides within the Ottoman Empire and in the 1918 influenza pandemic, which was exacerbated by the movement of combatants during the war. Prior to 1914, the European great powers were divided between the Triple Entente (comprising France, Russia, and Britain) and the Triple Alliance (containing Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy). Tensions in the Balkans came to a head on 28 June 1914, following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Copenhagen
Copenhagen ( or .; da, København ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a proper population of around 815.000 in the last quarter of 2022; and some 1.370,000 in the urban area; and the wider Copenhagen metropolitan area has 2,057,142 people. Copenhagen is on the islands of Zealand and Amager, separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the Øresund strait. The Øresund Bridge connects the two cities by rail and road. Originally a Viking fishing village established in the 10th century in the vicinity of what is now Gammel Strand, Copenhagen became the capital of Denmark in the early 15th century. Beginning in the 17th century, it consolidated its position as a regional centre of power with its institutions, defences, and armed forces. During the Renaissance the city served as the de facto capital of the Kalmar Union, being the seat of monarchy, governing the majority of the present day Nordic region in a personal union with Sweden and Norway ruled by the Danis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the deadliest conflict in human history; it resulted in 70 to 85 million fatalities, mostly among civilians. Tens of millions died due to genocides (including the Holocaust), starvation, ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Federation Of Commercial, Clerical And Technical Employees
The International Federation of Commercial, Clerical, Professional and Technical Employees (FIET; french: Fédération internationale des employés, techniciens et cadres) was a global union federation bringing together workers representing clerical workers. The union was sometimes known as the International Federation of Employees, Technicians and Managers, or informally as the International Federation of White Collar Workers' Unions. History The first attempt to create an international federation of clerical workers was the International Commercial Employees' Secretariat, founded in Hamburg in 1909, and led by Edo Fimmen. It collapsed at the start of World War I. FIET was founded in 1921, in Vienna, as its replacement. Initially representing only European unions, after World War II the federation began admitting unions from around the world. The large majority of workers represented worked in banking, insurance, or as clerical staff in commerce and social services. In 1984 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barbers' And Hairdressers' Association Of Denmark
The Danish Hairdressers' and Beauticians' Union ( da, Dansk Frisør og Kosmetikerforbund, DFKF) was a trade union representing workers in the beauty industry in Denmark. History The union was founded on 5 June 1911, as the Barbers' and Hairdressers' Association of Denmark. It affiliated to the Danish Confederation of Trade Unions (LO), and to the International Union of Hairdressers. It was led for many years by H. M. Christensen, who also organised the Figaro hair salons, where journeymen A journeyman, journeywoman, or journeyperson is a worker, skilled in a given building trade or craft, who has successfully completed an official apprenticeship qualification. Journeymen are considered competent and authorized to work in that fie ... hairdressers could rent a chair. This dual role led to conflict, and some hairdressers attempted to set up a breakaway union, but this soon collapsed. In 1945, the union was expelled from LO for refusing to agree to longer working hours and the a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish Hairdressers' Union
The Swedish Hairdressers' Union ( sv, Frisöranställdas förbund, FAF) was a trade union representing hairdressers in Sweden. The union was founded in December 1906, on the initiative of the Barbers' and Hairdressers' Assistants' Association of Stockholm. It initially had 225 members, but struggled, and in 1910 was down to just 46. This proved its nadir, and membership then steadily increased, to a peak of 7,207 in 1968. It then fell slightly, and by 1988 stood at 4,102. The following year, it merged into the Swedish Commercial Employees' Union. The union was affiliated to the Swedish Trade Union Confederation The Swedish Trade Union Confederation ( sv, Landsorganisationen i Sverige ; literally "National Organisation in Sweden"), commonly referred to as LO (), is a national trade union centre, an umbrella organisation for fourteen Swedish trade unions ....{{cite web , title=Frisöranställdas förbund , url=https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/fris%C3%B6r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friedrich Etzkorn
Friedrich Etzkorn (13 April 1874 – 14 January 1946) was a German trade union leader. Born in Kaiserslautern, Etzkorn completed an apprenticeship as a hairdresser, then travelled as a journeyman to the Rhein-Main area. In 1892, he joined the Union of German Barbers, Hairdressers and Wig Makers, and in 1893, he moved to Pforzheim, and formed a branch of the union there. Over the next two years, he was repeatedly sacked for union activity, and moved to new cities. In 1896, he was appointed as the editor of the union's newspaper, the ''Barbier- und Friseur-Zeitung'', and moved to Berlin to undertake the role. While Etzkorn was based in Berlin, the union's leader, Carl Wesche, was in Braunschweig, and at the end of the year, Etzkorn also moved there. The union steadily lost members, and by 1898 was in serious financial difficulties. Etzkorn returned to Pforzheim, and focused his time on the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). Wesche was in serious disagreement with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
