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Infundibulicybe Trulliformis
''Infundibulicybe'' is a genus of fungi that is robustly placed incertae sedis as sister group to the Tricholomatoid clade. It has previously been part of the family of Tricholomataceae, but recent molecular phylogeny has shown it to take an isolated position within the Agaricales. Description The fruitingbody of ''Infundibulicybe'' is clitocyboid and not hygrophanous. The cap diameter can vary from 1,5 to 25 cm, with some growing as large as 40 cm. Its shape can be depressed to funnel-like with a velvety to finely scaly surface. The colouration of the basidiocarp is white to pale buff to buff, pinkish buff, yellowish, yellowish brown, orange brown, reddish brown or greyish brown. The gills are decurrent to deeply decurrent. This basidiomycete smells faint, from cyanic to sweet aromatic and faintly camphor-like when fresh. The spore deposit is whitish and spores are dikaryoid, smooth, hyaline and without iodine reactions. The basidia are 4-spored, cheilocystidia are a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidia
A basidium () is a microscopic sporangium (a spore-producing structure) found on the hymenophore of fruiting bodies of basidiomycete fungi which are also called tertiary mycelium, developed from secondary mycelium. Tertiary mycelium is highly-coiled secondary myceliuma dikaryon. The presence of basidia is one of the main characteristic features of the Basidiomycota. A basidium usually bears four sexual spores called basidiospores; occasionally the number may be two or even eight. In a typical basidium, each basidiospore is borne at the tip of a narrow prong or horn called a sterigma (), and is forcibly discharged upon maturity. The word ''basidium'' literally means "little pedestal", from the way in which the basidium supports the spores. However, some biologists suggest that the structure more closely resembles a club. An immature basidium is known as a basidiole. Structure Most basidiomycota have single celled basidia (holobasidia), but in some groups basidia can be multice ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infundibulicybe Alkaliviolascens
''Infundibulicybe'' is a genus of fungi that is robustly placed incertae sedis as sister group to the Tricholomatoid clade. It has previously been part of the family of Tricholomataceae, but recent molecular phylogeny has shown it to take an isolated position within the Agaricales. Description The fruitingbody of ''Infundibulicybe'' is clitocyboid and not hygrophanous. The cap diameter can vary from 1,5 to 25 cm, with some growing as large as 40 cm. Its shape can be depressed to funnel-like with a velvety to finely scaly surface. The colouration of the basidiocarp is white to pale buff to buff, pinkish buff, yellowish, yellowish brown, orange brown, reddish brown or greyish brown. The gills are decurrent to deeply decurrent. This basidiomycete smells faint, from cyanic to sweet aromatic and faintly camphor-like when fresh. The spore deposit is whitish and spores are dikaryoid, smooth, hyaline and without iodine reactions. The basidia are 4-spored, cheilocystidia are a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infundibulicybe Gibba
''Infundibulicybe gibba'' (also known as ''Clitocybe gibba'') is a species of gilled mushroom which is common in European woods. In English it is sometimes known as the common funnel. Naming This species was originally described by the mycologist Christiaan Hendrik Persoon in 1801 as ''Agaricus gibbus'', at a time when gilled mushrooms were generally all assigned to genus ''Agaricus''. Then in 1871 in his guide to mycology ("Der Führer in die Pilzkunde"), Paul Kummer allocated the species to the genus ''Clitocybe'', which previously (according to the system of Fries) had only been a tribe within genus ''Agaricus''. In 2003 Harri Harmaja created the new genus ''Infundibulicybe'' for some of the larger members of the former ''Clitocybe'' and he included ''Infundibulicybe gibba'' as the type species. A couple of authorities still keep it in genus ''Clitocybe'', however. The older name ''Clitocybe infundibuliformis'' is often identified as a synonym of ''I. gibba'', but acc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infundibulicybe Rufa
''Infundibulicybe'' is a genus of fungi that is robustly placed incertae sedis as sister group to the Tricholomatoid clade. It has previously been part of the family of Tricholomataceae, but recent molecular phylogeny has shown it to take an isolated position within the Agaricales. Description The fruitingbody of ''Infundibulicybe'' is clitocyboid and not hygrophanous. The cap diameter can vary from 1,5 to 25 cm, with some growing as large as 40 cm. Its shape can be depressed to funnel-like with a velvety to finely scaly surface. The colouration of the basidiocarp is white to pale buff to buff, pinkish buff, yellowish, yellowish brown, orange brown, reddish brown or greyish brown. The gills are decurrent to deeply decurrent. This basidiomycete smells faint, from cyanic to sweet aromatic and faintly camphor-like when fresh. The spore deposit is whitish and spores are dikaryoid, smooth, hyaline and without iodine reactions. The basidia are 4-spored, cheilocystidia are a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entolomataceae
The Entolomataceae, also known as Rhodophyllaceae, are a large family of pink-spored terrestrial gilled mushrooms which includes the genera ''Entoloma'', '' Rhodocybe'', and ''Clitopilus''. The family collectively contains over 1500 species, the large majority of which are in ''Entoloma''. Genera formerly known as ''Leptonia'' and ''Nolanea'', amongst others, have been subsumed into ''Entoloma''. Mushrooms in the Entolomataceae typically grow in woodlands or grassy areas and have attached gills, differentiating them from the Pluteaceae, which have free gills. Description The very large family Entolomataceae has a cosmopolitan distribution, and species are common in both temperate and tropical climates. Although the shape of the fruiting body and many microscopic characteristics are very diverse, it forms a well-defined group due to the distinctive spores: the spore print is pink (or brownish or greyish pink) and the spores are ornamented with bumps or ridges, or have a sharp-p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rosaceae
Rosaceae (), the rose family, is a medium-sized family of flowering plants that includes 4,828 known species in 91 genera. The name is derived from the type genus ''Rosa''. Among the most species-rich genera are ''Alchemilla'' (270), ''Sorbus'' (260), '' Crataegus'' (260), ''Cotoneaster'' (260), ''Rubus'' (250), and ''Prunus'' (200), which contains the plums, cherries, peaches, apricots, and almonds. However, all of these numbers should be seen as estimates—much taxonomic work remains. The family Rosaceae includes herbs, shrubs, and trees. Most species are deciduous, but some are evergreen. They have a worldwide range but are most diverse in the Northern Hemisphere. Many economically important products come from the Rosaceae, including various edible fruits, such as apples, pears, quinces, apricots, plums, cherries, peaches, raspberries, blackberries, loquats, strawberries, rose hips, hawthorns, and almonds. The family also includes popular ornamental trees and shrubs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dryas Octopetala
''Dryas octopetala'', the mountain avens, eightpetal mountain-avens, white dryas or white dryad, is an Arctic–alpine flowering plant in the family Rosaceae. It is a small prostrate evergreen subshrub forming large colonies. The specific epithet ''octopetala'' derives from Greek ''octo'' 'eight' and ''petalon'' 'petal', referring to the eight petals of the flower, an unusual number in the Rosaceae, where five is the normal number. However, flowers with up to 16 petals also occur naturally. As a floral emblem, it is the official territorial flower of the Northwest Territories and the national flower of Iceland. Description The stems are woody, tortuous, with short, horizontal rooting branches. The leaves are glabrous above, densely white-tomentose beneath. The flowers are produced on stalks long, and have eight creamy white petals – hence the specific epithet ''octopetala''. The style is persistent on the fruit with white feathery hairs, functioning as a wind-dispersal agent. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infundibulicybe Lateritia
''Infundibulicybe'' is a genus of fungi that is robustly placed incertae sedis as sister group to the Tricholomatoid clade. It has previously been part of the family of Tricholomataceae, but recent molecular phylogeny has shown it to take an isolated position within the Agaricales. Description The fruitingbody of ''Infundibulicybe'' is Clitocybe, clitocyboid and not hygrophanous. The cap diameter can vary from 1,5 to 25 cm, with some growing as large as 40 cm. Its shape can be depressed to funnel-like with a velvety to finely scaly surface. The colouration of the basidiocarp is white to pale buff to buff, pinkish buff, yellowish, yellowish brown, orange brown, reddish brown or greyish brown. The Lamella (mycology), gills are decurrent to deeply decurrent. This basidiomycete smells faint, from cyanic to sweet aromatic and faintly camphor-like when fresh. The spore Spore print, deposit is whitish and spores are Dikaryon, dikaryoid, smooth, hyaline and without iodine reacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stipe (mycology)
In mycology, a stipe () is the stem or stalk-like feature supporting the cap of a mushroom. Like all tissues of the mushroom other than the hymenium, the stipe is composed of sterile hyphal tissue. In many instances, however, the fertile hymenium extends down the stipe some distance. Fungi that have stipes are said to be stipitate. The evolutionary benefit of a stipe is generally considered to be in mediating spore dispersal. An elevated mushroom will more easily release its spores into wind currents or onto passing animals. Nevertheless, many mushrooms do not have stipes, including cup fungi, puffballs, earthstars, some polypores, jelly fungi, ergots, and smuts. It is often the case that features of the stipe are required to make a positive identification of a mushroom. Such distinguishing characters include: # the texture of the stipe (fibrous, brittle, chalky, leathery, firm, etc.) # whether it has remains of a partial veil (such as an annulus or cortina) or universal ve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pileus (mycology)
The pileus is the technical name for the cap, or cap-like part, of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium.Moore-Landecker, E: "Fundamentals of the Fungi", page 560. Prentice Hall, 1972. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes. Classification Pilei can be formed in various shapes, and the shapes can change over the course of the developmental cycle of a fungus. The most familiar pileus shape is hemispherical or ''convex.'' Convex pilei often continue to expand as they mature until they become flat. Many well-known species have a convex pileus, including the button mushroom, various ''Amanita'' species and boletes. Some, such as the parasol mushroom, have distinct bosses or umbos and are described as ''umbonate''. An umbo is a knobby protrusion at the center of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omphalina
''Omphalina'' is a genus of small agarics with white, nonamyloid, basidiospores and decurrent gills. Typically the cap has a deep central depression giving the umbrella-like to funnel-shaped cap the appearance of a belly button, or a belly with a navel. Similarly-shaped agarics are said to be omphalinoid in appearance. Etymology ''Omphalina'' is the diminutive of ''Omphalia'' which is a reference to the belly button or navel-like appearance of the small dome-shaped caps with a central depression. It derives from the Greek word omphalos. Historical nomenclatural confusion The generic name ''Omphalina'' is an ancient one, linked to the even older mushroom name ''Omphalia'' which cannot be used because it is an illegitimate later homonym. Historically, the former was generally applied to any white-spored, similarly sized and shaped mushroom. As a result, many species that still are labeled ''Omphalina'', or were labeled ''Omphalia'' are in fact not true Omphalinas. The now conserve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
