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Industrial Union Of Mining
The Industrial Union of Mining and Energy (german: Industriegewerkschaft Bergbau und Energie, IG Bergbau-Energie) was a trade union representing the mining, energy and water industries in East Germany. The union was founded in 1946 as the Industrial Union of Mining, a section of the new Free German Trade Union Federation (FDGB). While most of the union was divided into districts based on location, a separate district was created for workers at Wismut, the uranium mining company, and in 1950 this was split away to form the Wismut Industrial Union. In 1951, the FDGB created the Industrial Union of Metallurgy, to which ore miners were transferred, but the union was dissolved in 1951 and the ore miners returned to the mining union. In 1963, the Industrial Union of Energy, Post and Transport was dissolved, and energy workers were transferred to the mining union, which was renamed as the "Industrial Union of Mining and Energy". By 1964, the union had 375,000 members.) International ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Union
A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and benefits (such as holiday, health care, and retirement), improving working conditions, improving safety standards, establishing complaint procedures, developing rules governing status of employees (rules governing promotions, just-cause conditions for termination) and protecting the integrity of their trade through the increased bargaining power wielded by solidarity among workers. Trade unions typically fund their head office and legal team functions through regularly imposed fees called ''union dues''. The delegate staff of the trade union representation in the workforce are usually made up of workplace volunteers who are often appointed by members in democratic elections. The trade union, through an elected leadership and bargaining committee, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Germany
East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In these years the state was a part of the Eastern Bloc in the Cold War. Commonly described as a communist state, it described itself as a socialist "workers' and peasants' state".Patrick Major, Jonathan Osmond, ''The Workers' and Peasants' State: Communism and Society in East Germany Under Ulbricht 1945–71'', Manchester University Press, 2002, Its territory was administered and occupied by Soviet forces following the end of World War II—the Soviet occupation zone of the Potsdam Agreement, bounded on the east by the Oder–Neisse line. The Soviet zone surrounded West Berlin but did not include it and West Berlin remained outside the jurisdiction of the GDR. Most scholars and academics describe the GDR as a totalitarian dictatorship. The GDR was establish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Free German Trade Union Federation
The Free German Trade Union Federation (german: Freier Deutsche Gewerkschaftsbund or ''FDGB'') was the sole national trade union centre of the German Democratic Republic (GDR or East Germany) which existed from 1946 and 1990. As a mass organisation of the GDR, nominally representing all workers in the country, the FDGB was a constituent member of the National Front. The leaders of the FDGB were also senior members of the ruling Socialist Unity Party. Structure 200px, Harry Tisch, FDGB chairman from 1975 to 1989. The bureaucratic union apparatus was a basic component and tool of the SED’s power structure, constructed on the same strictly centralist hierarchical model as all other major GDR organizations. The smallest unit was a ''Kollektiv'', which nearly all workers in any organisation belonged to, including state leaders and party functionaries. They recommended trustworthy people as the lowest FDGB functionaries and voted for them in open-list ballots. The higher positi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wismut (mining Company)
SAG/SDAG Wismut was a uranium mining company in East Germany during the time of the Cold War. It produced a total of 230,400 tonnes of uranium between 1947 and 1990 and made East Germany the fourth largest producer of uranium ore in the world at the time. It was the largest single producer of uranium ore in the entire sphere of control of the USSR. In 1991 after German reunification it was transformed into the Wismut GmbH company, owned by the Federal Republic of Germany, which is now responsible for the restoration and environmental cleanup of the former mining and milling areas. The head office of SDAG Wismut / Wismut GmbH is in Chemnitz-Siegmar. History The Ore Mountains (german: Erzgebirge; cs, Krušné hory) in southern East Germany at the border with the Czech Republic are closely connected to the history of uranium exploitation. The metal was discovered in a sample from a silver mine in the mountain range, and uranium was produced first as a by-product in the early 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wismut Industrial Union
The Wismut Industrial Union (german: Industriegewerkschaft Wismut, IG W) was a trade union representing workers at the Wismut uranium mining company. From 1946, workers at Wismut were represented by the Industrial Union of Mining, part of the Free German Trade Union Federation (FDGB). However, due to the secretive nature of the work they undertook, under the control of the Soviet Union, they were placed in an autonomous section. In 1950, the FDGB decided to move the workers into their own dedicated union, the "Wismut Industrial Union". It was based in Karl-Marx-Stadt, and led sports associations such as SC Karl-Marx-Stadt SC Karl-Marx-Stadt was a sports club located at Karl-Marx-Stadt in the German Democratic Republic. Established in 1945, the sports club went through a variation of name changes until 1 July 1963, settling with SC Karl-Marx-Stadt, which lasted unt ..., and also the popular orchestra, Orchester der IG Wismut.Karl-Peter Fleischer: ''Das Orchester der IG Wimut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Union International Of Miners
The Trade Unions International of Miners was a trade union international affiliated with the World Federation of Trade Unions. History The union was founded at a Constituent Conference in Florence, Italy held July 16–19, 1949. In 1983 it expanded its scope, with unions including the British National Union of Mineworkers joining, and became the Trade Unions International of Miners and Energy Workers.Ronald Payne and Gary Busch,Scargill goes international, ''The Spectator'', 30 November 1985 In 1986 it became the Trade Unions International of Energy Workers before ceasing activities. The TUI temporarily suspended activities after the collapse of communism in Europe, but re-emerged at a conference in Havana in 1998. It joined with the Trade Union International of Metal and Engineering Workers and the Trade Unions International of Chemical, Oil and Allied Workers to form the new Trade Unions International of Energy, Mining, Chemical, Oil and Allied Industries. This organization wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sports Associations (East Germany)
Sports Associations (german: Sportvereinigung (SV), ) in East Germany were nation-wide sports agencies for certain economic branches of the whole society, which were members of the Deutscher Turn- und Sportbund (DTSB) Members of biggest social employers had their own branch sports clubs or the ''Sportvereinigung''. Central sports associations were set up in East Germany based on the Soviet model as a result of a decision by the German Sport Committee (german: Deutscher Sportausschuss) (DS) on 3 April 1950. The decision envisaged the formation of central sports associations based on the union structure in East Germany, where each sports association represented a trade union area. A total of 18 sports associations were set up after 1950. 14 of 18 sports association were dissolved as independent organizations after the founding of the DTSB in 1957. Only the sports associations SV Dynamo, ASV Vorwärts, SV Lokomotive and SV Wismut survived the reorganization. They continued as distr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Mining And Energy
The Union of Mining and Energy (german: IG Bergbau und Energie, IGBE) was a trade union in West Germany which existed from 1946 until 1997. History In the early 20th-century, there were several miners' unions in Germany, the most important being the Union of Miners of Germany. All German unions were forcibly dissolved by the Nazis in 1933. The union was founded in 1946, covering only the British Occupation Zone. From 1948, it began covering the mining industry in the whole of West Germany and adopted the name IG Bergbau. In 1960 the union added "and energy" to its name. In 1990, the East German Wismut Industrial Union, representing uranium miners, merged into IGBE. By 1996, the union had 335,317 members, but 49% of these were not active - either retired or unemployed. In 1997, the union merged with the IG Chemie-Papier-Keramik, and Gewerkschaft Leder, to form the IG Bergbau, Chemie, Energie. Leadership Presidents :1946: August Schmidt :1953: Heinrich Imig :1956: Heinrich Gu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Public Services, Transport And Traffic Union
The Public Services, Transport and Traffic Union (german: Gewerkschaft Öffentliche Dienste, Transport und Verkehr, ÖTV) was a trade union representing transport and public service workers in West Germany. The union was founded in 1949, at a meeting Stuttgart. Unlike ithe pre-war General Union of Public Sector and Transport Workers, it did not represent postal workers (who joined the German Postal Union), nor commercial workers, but it was nonetheless the second-largest union in West Germany. By 1951, it had 785,000 members, and during the 1950s it concluded many collective bargaining agreements with states and municipalities. It affiliated to both the International Transport Workers' Federation, and the Public Services International. The union strongly supported the fall of the Berlin Wall, and in June 1990, some trade unionists in Magdeberg founded the ÖTV in the GDR. In October, Germany was reunified, and this union merged into the main ÖTV, which began recruiting membe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions Established In 1946
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct exchange of goods and services for other goods and services, i.e. trading things without the use of money. Modern traders generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, such as money. As a result, buying can be separated from selling, or earning. The invention of money (and letter of credit, paper money, and non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted trade. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade involving more than two traders is called multilateral trade. In one modern view, trade exists due to specialization and the division of labour, a predominant form of economic activity in which individuals and groups concentrate on a small aspect of production, but use their output in trades for other products an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Unions Disestablished In 1990
Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct exchange of goods and services for other goods and services, i.e. trading things without the use of money. Modern traders generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, such as money. As a result, buying can be separated from selling, or earning. The invention of money (and letter of credit, paper money, and non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted trade. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade involving more than two traders is called multilateral trade. In one modern view, trade exists due to specialization and the division of labour, a predominant form of economic activity in which individuals and groups concentrate on a small aspect of production, but use their output in trades for other products ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Energy Industry Trade Unions
In physics, energy (from Ancient Greek: ἐνέργεια, ''enérgeia'', “activity”) is the quantitative property that is transferred to a body or to a physical system, recognizable in the performance of work and in the form of heat and light. Energy is a conserved quantity—the law of conservation of energy states that energy can be converted in form, but not created or destroyed. The unit of measurement for energy in the International System of Units (SI) is the joule (J). Common forms of energy include the kinetic energy of a moving object, the potential energy stored by an object (for instance due to its position in a field), the elastic energy stored in a solid object, chemical energy associated with chemical reactions, the radiant energy carried by electromagnetic radiation, and the internal energy contained within a thermodynamic system. All living organisms constantly take in and release energy. Due to mass–energy equivalence, any object that has mass when ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
