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Index Of Architecture Articles
This is an alphabetical index of articles related to architecture. 0–9 * 4th millennium BC in architecture * 30th century BC in architecture * 29th century BC in architecture * 27th century BC in architecture * 26th century BC in architecture * 25th century BC in architecture * 21st century BC in architecture * 19th century BC in architecture * 18th century BC in architecture * 14th century BC in architecture * 13th century BC in architecture * 6th century BC in architecture * 5th century BC in architecture * 2nd century in architecture * 3rd century in architecture * 4th century in architecture * 5th century in architecture * 6th century in architecture * 7th century in architecture * 8th century in architecture * 9th century in architecture * 10th century in architecture * 11th century in architecture * 14th century in architecture * 1000s in architecture * 2000 in architecture A * A-frame building * A-un * Abacus * Ab anbar * Abat-son * Abbasid ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Architecture
Architecture is the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. It is both the process and the product of sketching, conceiving, planning, designing, and constructing buildings or other structures. The term comes ; ; . Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art. Historical civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements. The practice, which began in the prehistoric era, has been used as a way of expressing culture for civilizations on all seven continents. For this reason, architecture is considered to be a form of art. Texts on architecture have been written since ancient times. The earliest surviving text on architectural theories is the 1st century AD treatise '' De architectura'' by the Roman architect Vitruvius, according to whom a good building embodies , and (durability, utility, and beauty). ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
5th Century In Architecture
Events * 447: November 6 – An earthquake levels large parts of the Theodosian Wall of Constantinople. Repairs, under the direction of urban prefect Cyrus of Floros, are effected within 60 days. Buildings and structures Buildings * 408 – 413 The Theodosian Wall, is built, as a fortification of Constantinople, running from the Sea of Marmara on the south, to the suburb of Blachernae, near the Golden Horn, on the north. * 420s – San Giovanni Evangelista, Ravenna built. * 422–432 – Santa Sabina all'Aventino Basilica in Rome built. * 427 – Anak Palace of Goguryeo built. * 430s – Baptistry of San Giovanni in Laterano, Rome reconstructed. * 430s – Santa Maria Maggiore, Rome reconstructed. * By c. 450 – Baptistry of Neon completed. * c. 450–470 – Church of the Acheiropoietos in Thessaloniki (Macedonia) built. * 460s – Christian basilica at Qalb Loze in Syria (Byzantine Empire) built. * 462 – Monastery of Stoudi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ab Anbar
An ''ab anbar'' ( fa, آبانبار, literally " Cistern") is a traditional reservoir or cistern of drinking water in Greater Iran in antiquity. Structure To withstand the pressure the water exerts on the containers of the storage tank, the storage itself was built below ground level. This also provides resistance to earthquakes. Many cities in Iran lie in a region that has been affected by very large earthquakes. Since almost all ab anbars are subterranean structures capped barely above ground level, they inherently possess stable structures. The construction material used for ab anbars were very tough and extensively used a special mortar called ''sarooj'' which was made of sand, clay, egg whites, lime, goat hair, and ash in specific proportions, depending on location and climate of the city. This mixture was thought to be completely water impenetrable. The walls of the storage were often 2 meters thick, and special bricks had to be used. These bricks were especially ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abacus (architecture)
In architecture, an abacus (from the Greek ''abax'', slab; or French ''abaque'', ''tailloir''; plural abacuses or abaci) is a flat slab forming the uppermost member or division of the capital of a column, above the bell. Its chief function is to provide a large supporting surface, tending to be wider than the capital, as an abutment to receive the weight of the arch or the architrave above. The diminutive of abacus, abaculus, is used to describe small mosaic tiles, also called abaciscus or tessera, used to create ornamental floors with detailed patterns of chequers or squares in a tessellated pavement. Definition In classical architecture, the shape of the abacus and its edge profile varies in the different classical orders. In the Greek Doric order, the abacus is a plain square slab without mouldings, supported on an echinus. In the Roman and Renaissance Doric orders, it is crowned by a moulding (known as "crown moulding"). In the Tuscan and Roman Doric capital, it may r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A-un
''Om'' (or ''Aum'') (; sa, ॐ, ओम्, Ōṃ, translit-std=IAST) is a sacred sound, syllable, mantra, or an invocation in Hinduism. ''Om'' is the prime symbol of Hinduism.Krishna Sivaraman (2008), ''Hindu Spirituality Vedas Through Vedanta'', Motilal Banarsidass, , page 433 It is variously said to be the essence of the supreme Absolute, consciousness,James Lochtefeld (2002), "Om", ''The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism'', Vol. 2: N-Z, Rosen Publishing. , page 482Om . ''Merriam-Webster'' (2013), Pronounced: \ˈōm\ '' Ātman,'' '','' or the cosmic world.David Leeming (2005), '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A-frame Building
An A-frame house or other A-frame building is an architectural house or building style featuring steeply-angled sides (roofline) that usually begin at or near the foundation line, and meet at the top in the shape of the letter A. An A-frame ceiling can be open to the top rafters. Although the triangle shape of the A-frame has been present throughout history, it surged in popularity around the world from roughly the mid-1950s through the 1970s. It was during the post–World War II era that the A-frame acquired its most defining characteristics. Style A-frame buildings are an ancient form known, in Europe (e.g. cruck frame construction or grubenhaus), China, and the South Pacific islands. Sometimes called a ''roof hut'', these were simple structures used for utilitarian purposes until the 1950s.Randl, Chad. ''A-frame''. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2004. Print. In 1934, R.M. Schindler built the first modern A-frame house, for owner Gisela Bennati, in Lake Arrowhe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2000 In Architecture
The year 2000 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings. Events *June 22 – The Architect company Snøhetta wins the international Architect competition for Oslo's New National Opera House. *Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc is inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. *Greenwich Millennium Village in London designed by Ralph Erskine. Buildings and structures Buildings opened *February 19 – Rose Center for Earth and Space in New York City, USA, designed by Polshek Partnership Architects. *March 8 – Peckham Library in London, UK, designed by Alsop and Störmer. It wins this year's Stirling Prize. *May 12 – Tate Modern in London, a conversion of Bankside Power Station by Herzog & de Meuron. *October 12 – The Lowry theatre and gallery centre in Salford, England, designed by Michael Wilford and Buro Happold. *August – Centro Brasileiro Britânico in São Paulo, designed by Marc Rabin. *August 19 – Cathedral of Christ the Sav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1000s In Architecture
__TOC__ Buildings and structures Buildings * 1000 – The Chiesa di San Giuliano (Church of San Guliano) is built Ascoli Piceno, Italy. * 1000 – Matangeshwar, Vishnu-Garuda, Beejamandal and Ganesha temples are built in Khajuraho, Chandela kingdom. * 1001 – The Cathedral of Ani is built in Armenia. * 1001 – St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim begun. * 1002 – Brihadishwara Temple of Thanjavur, India (Chola Empire) begun. * 1003 – The Bagrati Cathedral's floor is laid in Kutaisi, Georgia. * 1004 – The Chiesa di San Giovanale is built in Orvieto, Italy. * 1008 – Rebuilt Torcello Cathedral in the Veneto consecrated. * 1009 – Abbey of Saint-Martin-du-Canigou in Casteil, Catalonia consecrated. * Beginning of 11th century – Church of the Saviour at Berestove built. File:The Cathedral of Ani.jpg, Cathedral of Ani (1001) File:Thanjavur temple.jpg, Brihadishwara Temple, Thanjavur (1002) File:Torcello - Santa Maria Assunta - mosaics of the choir.JPG, Torcello Cathedral ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
14th Century In Architecture
Buildings and structures Buildings * c. 1300 ** Nidaros Cathedral is completed in Trondheim, Norway. ** Spire of St Wulfram's Church, Grantham, England, is completed. * c. 1300–1310 – Great Coxwell Barn in the Vale of White Horse in England is built. * 1302–1312 – Dome of Soltaniyeh in Ilkhanate Persia is built. * 1304 ** Ypres Cloth Hall is completed. ** St John the Evangelist's Church, Newton Arlosh, England, is completed. * 1306 – Wells Cathedral chapter house in England is completed in Decorated Gothic style. * 1308 ** The Priest's House, Muchelney, England, is built. ** The Yuchang Lou Yuchang Lou in Yuan dynasty China is built. * 1309 – Construction begins on the Doge's Palace, Venice, Doge's Palace in Venice (completed in 1420s in architecture, 1424). * c. 1310–1320 – Funerary chapel, Chora Church of the Monastery of Christ, Constantinople, is built. * 1311 – Alai Darwaza gateway in Qutb complex, Delhi Sultanate, is completed. * 1314 ** Completion of Old St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
11th Century In Architecture
__TOC__ Buildings and structures Buildings * 1001 ** The Cathedral of Ani is built in Armenia. ** St. Michael's Church, Hildesheim begun. * 1002 – Brihadishwara Temple of Thanjavur, India (Chola Empire) begun. * 1008 – Rebuilt Torcello Cathedral in the Veneto consecrated. * 1009 – Saint-Martin-du-Canigou in Catalonia consecrated. * By c. 1010 – Church of the Saviour at Berestove built. * 1011 – San Vittore alle Chiuse in Genga, Papal States built. * c. 1012 – Katholikon of Hosios Loukas built in Byzantine Greece. * 1013 ** Al-Hakim Mosque in Cairo, Fatimid Empire built (begun in 990). ** San Miniato al Monte begun in Florence, Italy (work went on until the 13th century). * 1016 – San Michele in Borgo in Pisa, Tuscany built. * c. 1017 – Hōjōji (法成寺) built in Heian-kyō, Japan. * 1021 – Church of the Quedlinburg Abbey, Holy Roman Empire built (begun c. 997). * 1022 – Monastery of Sant Pere de Rodes, Catalonia c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th Century In Architecture
Buildings and structures Buildings * 900–910 – Construction of Phnom Bakheng, the center of the Khmer Empire capital Yasodharapura. * 908 – Monastery of the Mother of God (Lips Monastery) inaugurated in Constantinople. * c. 910 – Construction of the Governor's Palace in the Maya city of Uxmal. * 910 – Souillac Abbey founded. * 913 – Minden Cathedral founded. * 936 – Gndevank monastery founded in Armenia. * 938 – St Martin's Church, Tours fortified. * 953 – East Mebon consecrated in Angkor. * 941–942 – Kaminarimon, the eight-pillared gate to the Sensō-ji Buddhist temple in Tokyo, Japan, is erected in its original location. * 943 – Rudra Mahalaya Temple in Siddhpur, India, begun. * 945 – Palace of Medina Azahara first occupied as the new capital of the Emirate of Córdoba (begun c. 936; construction continues until c. 961). * 946 – Clermont-Ferrand Cathedral in the Auvergne consecrated. * c. 950–1050 – St Nicholas' Church, Worth, England ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
9th Century In Architecture
Buildings and structures Buildings * about 800 – Borobudur temple in Java completed. * 802 ** Haeinsa of Korea, is constructed. ** Palace of Charlemagne in Aachen, Carolingian Empire completed (begun about 790). The Palatine Chapel still stands. ** At Oviedo in the Kingdom of Asturias *** Cámara Santa constructed. *** First reconstruction of Oviedo Cathedral begun by Tioda. * 815 – Second Temple of Somnath built in the Pratihara Empire, India. * 816 – Reims Cathedral begun. * 810s – Chapel of San Zeno in Santa Prassede, Rome decorated. * 818 – Old Cologne Cathedral built. * 820s ** Imperial Abbey of Corvey on the Weser founded. ** Fontanella Abbey reconstructed. * 827 – Mosque of Amr ibn al-As in Fustat, Egypt reaches its final form. * c. 830–842 – Construction of basilica church of San Julián de los Prados in Oviedo, Kingdom of Asturias, designed by Tioda. * 836 ** Samarra founded in Mesopotamia as the capital of the Abbasid Ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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