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Hoploclonia
''Hoploclonia'' is the only genus of the tribe Hoplocloniini and brings together relatively small and darkly coloured Phasmatodea species. Characteristics The representatives of this genus are very small with 35 to 40 mm in the male and 45 to 55 mm in the female sex. Both sexes are always wingless and very thorny. The thorns form a characteristic triangle on the mesothorax. At the front two corner points are created by a pair of widely spaced and, in the females, very flat thorns. While these converge at the front transversely to the body axis and thus form one side of the triangle, the third corner point and the other two sides are created by the thorn edges that taper off flat towards the rear. In this area the males still have a distinct, very close pair of thorns. They are dominated by dark brown, almost black tones, which are complemented by yellow-orange species-specific drawings. The mostly lighter females are less prickly and much more variable in color. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoploclonia Abercrombiei - Male
''Hoploclonia'' is the only genus of the tribe Hoplocloniini and brings together relatively small and darkly coloured Phasmatodea species. Characteristics The representatives of this genus are very small with 35 to 40 mm in the male and 45 to 55 mm in the female sex. Both sexes are always wingless and very thorny. The thorns form a characteristic triangle on the mesothorax. At the front two corner points are created by a pair of widely spaced and, in the females, very flat thorns. While these converge at the front transversely to the body axis and thus form one side of the triangle, the third corner point and the other two sides are created by the thorn edges that taper off flat towards the rear. In this area the males still have a distinct, very close pair of thorns. They are dominated by dark brown, almost black tones, which are complemented by yellow-orange species-specific drawings. The mostly lighter females are less prickly and much more variable in color. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoploclonia Gecko - Male
''Hoploclonia'' is the only genus of the tribe Hoplocloniini and brings together relatively small and darkly coloured Phasmatodea species. Characteristics The representatives of this genus are very small with 35 to 40 mm in the male and 45 to 55 mm in the female sex. Both sexes are always wingless and very thorny. The thorns form a characteristic triangle on the mesothorax. At the front two corner points are created by a pair of widely spaced and, in the females, very flat thorns. While these converge at the front transversely to the body axis and thus form one side of the triangle, the third corner point and the other two sides are created by the thorn edges that taper off flat towards the rear. In this area the males still have a distinct, very close pair of thorns. They are dominated by dark brown, almost black tones, which are complemented by yellow-orange species-specific drawings. The mostly lighter females are less prickly and much more variable in color. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoploclonia Cuspidata
''Hoploclonia cuspidata'' is a stick insect species native to the north of Borneo and is also called Brunei Hoploclonia stick insect. Taxonomy When Josef Redtenbacher described the species in 1906, both males and females were available to him. However, he only recognized that the female belongs to the genus ''Hoploclonia'' established by Carl Stål in 1875. This was until then monotypical. Although both males and females were known from the hitherto only representative of the genus, namely '' Hoploclonia gecko'', Redtenbacher described the male of ''Hoploclonia cuspidata'' as ''Dares (Epidares) haematacanthus''. The type material was long thought to be lost. It was rediscovered in 2000 by Oliver Zompro. One lectotype is deposited in the State Museum of Zoology, Dresden and another syntype in the Natural History Museum, Berlin. Philip Edward Bragg first transferred the species to the genus '' Epidares'' in 1998. After the type material was available, he synonymized the species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoploclonia Gecko
''Hoploclonia gecko'' is a relatively small, spiny and darkly colored stick insect species that is native to the northwest of Borneo. Taxonomy Alfred Russel Wallace collected in Sarawak in 1858 a number ofspecimens, but did not leave any more precise information about the location. John Obadiah Westwood described these the following year as ''Acanthoderus gecko''. When describing it, both males and females were available to him. Because of the specific epithet chosen by Westwood, it is also called "Gecko Stick Insect". In 1875 Carl Stål established the genus ''Hoploclonia'' for this species alone, which became the type species as ''Hoploclonia gecko''. The genus remained monotypical until the description of ''Hoploclonia cuspidata'' in 1906. In 1995 a female of Philip Edward Bragg from the specimens collected by Wallace was selected as lectotype. It is deposited together with two male paralectotypes in the Natural History Museum. Other specimens collected by Wallace are kept ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hoploclonia Abercrombiei
''Hoploclonia abercrombiei'' is a stick insect species known from the northwest of Borneo, more precisely from only one place in the Malaysia, Malay state Sarawak. Distribution, discovery and taxonomy The first male of this species was discovered in 1992 by Philip Edward Bragg in the Niah National Park in Sarawak near the Niah Caves, Great Cave of Niah. However, Bragg initially thought it was a male of ''Hoploclonia cuspidata'', from which it differed mainly in the missing pair of spines on the fourth Abdomen (insect anatomy), abdominal segment and the slightly different coloration. After a closer examination, he and Ian Abercrombie decided in 1994 to look again at the same place, where three more males and three females were found, two of them copulating pairs. In the following year Bragg described the species and dedicated the species name to Ian Abercrombie. A female is deposited as a holotype in the Natural History Museum, London. ''Hoploclonia abercrombiei'' and the ''Hopl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obriminae
The Obriminae are the most species-rich subfamily of the Phasmatodea family Heteropterygidae native to Southeast Asia. It is divided into two tribe. Taxonomy The tribe Obrimini was created by Brunner von Wattenwyl in 1893 for the genera '' Obrimus'', '' Hoploclonia'', ''Tisamenus'', ''Pylaemenes'', ''Dares'' and ''Datames'' (today synonym to ''Pylaemenes'') (abbreviated there as Obrimi.). Lawrence Bruner raised the Obrimini to the rank of a family in 1915. Heinrich Hugo Karny renamed the Obrimini or the Obrimidae in 1923 to Therameninae. In the introduction to his work he justified the renaming by saying that Brunner von Wattenwyl and Josef Redtenbacher when naming the subfamilies they established – and as such he also considers the tribes described by both of them – not always taking into account the genera described first. At least in the case of the Obriminae this is not true, since both the genus ''Obrimus'' and ''Theramenes'' was built in 1875 by Carl Stål. The name The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Obrimini
The Obrimini are the most species-rich tribe of the Phasmatodea family of the Heteropterygidae native to Southeast Asia. Description The Obrimini differ from their sister tribe the Hoplocloniini by the structure of the secondary ovipositor at the abdomen of the females, which surrounds the actual ovipositor. It is formed in the Obrimini dorsally from the eleventh abdominal tergum called supraanal plate or epiproct, while in the Hoplocloniini it originated from the tenth tergum. Distribution area The distribution area of the Obrimini extends from Borneo to the east and includes the Philippines, Sulawesi, most of the Moluccas and New Guinea. Farthest east lies with Viti Levu, the main island of the Fiji group, the distribution area of ''Pterobrimus depressus''. Taxonomy Brunner von Wattenwyl built in 1893 for the genera already described '' Obrimus'', '' Hoploclonia'', ''Tisamenus'', ''Pylaemenes'', '' Dares'' and ''Datames'' (today a synonym to ''Pylaemenes'') the t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nymph (biology)
In biology, a nymph is the immature form of some invertebrates, particularly insects, which undergoes gradual metamorphosis (hemimetabolism) before reaching its adult stage. Unlike a typical larva, a nymph's overall form already resembles that of the adult, except for a lack of wings (in winged species). In addition, while a nymph moults, it never enters a pupal stage. Instead, the final moult results in an adult insect. Nymphs undergo multiple stages of development called instars. This is the case, for example, in Orthoptera (crickets, grasshoppers and locusts), Hemiptera (cicadas, shield bugs, whiteflies, aphids, leafhoppers, froghoppers, treehoppers etc.), mayflies, termites, cockroaches, mantises, stoneflies and Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies). Nymphs of aquatic insects, as in the Odonata, Ephemeroptera, and Plecoptera, are also called naiads, an Ancient Greek name for mythological water nymphs. Usage of the term 'naiad' is no longer popular among entomologists, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heteropteryginae
Heteropterygini is the only tribe within the subfamily of the Heteropteryginae (family Heteropterygidae; order Phasmatodea). With 19 representatives described, this subfamily includes the fewest species of the three subfamilies, but includes the largest and most striking species of the family. Characteristics Size and weight The representatives of the Heteropterygini are usually relatively large and heavy. Males become 2.5 to 13 cm long, females reach body lengths between 4.5 and 17 cm, with the larger species being clearly in the majority. Only the females of ''Haaniella parva'', '' Haaniella kerincia'' and ''Haaniella scabra'' remain smaller than 8.5 cm. The males of these species are at least 2.5 to 4.0 cm and a maximum of 3.7 to 5.7 cm long. The 14 to 17 cm long females of the ''Heteropteryx dilatata'' are not only the heaviest phasmids with 30 to 70 g, but are among the heaviest insects at all. Morphology A characteristic of this trib ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an autapomorphy is a distinctive feature, known as a derived trait, that is unique to a given taxon. That is, it is found only in one taxon, but not found in any others or outgroup taxa, not even those most closely related to the focal taxon (which may be a species, family or in general any clade). It can therefore be considered an apomorphy in relation to a single taxon. The word ''autapomorphy'', first introduced in 1950 by German entomologist Willi Hennig, is derived from the Greek words αὐτός, ''autos'' "self"; ἀπό, ''apo'' "away from"; and μορφή, ''morphḗ'' = "shape". Discussion Because autapomorphies are only present in a single taxon, they do not convey information about relationship. Therefore, autapomorphies are not useful to infer phylogenetic relationships. However, autapomorphy, like synapomorphy and plesiomorphy is a relative concept depending on the taxon in question. An autapomorphy at a given level may well be a synapomorphy at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genetic Analysis
Genetic analysis is the overall process of studying and researching in fields of science that involve genetics and molecular biology. There are a number of applications that are developed from this research, and these are also considered parts of the process. The base system of analysis revolves around general genetics. Basic studies include identification of genes and inherited disorders. This research has been conducted for centuries on both a large-scale physical observation basis and on a more microscopic scale. Genetic analysis can be used generally to describe methods both used in and resulting from the sciences of genetics and molecular biology, or to applications resulting from this research. Genetic analysis may be done to identify genetic/inherited disorders and also to make a differential diagnosis in certain somatic diseases such as cancer. Genetic analyses of cancer include detection of mutations, fusion genes, and DNA copy number changes. History of genetic analysi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adult
An adult is a human or other animal that has reached full growth. In human context, the term ''adult'' has meanings associated with social and legal concepts. In contrast to a " minor", a legal adult is a person who has attained the age of majority and is therefore regarded as independent, self-sufficient, and responsible. They may also be regarded as a "major". The typical age of attaining legal adulthood is 18, although definition may vary by legal rights, country, and psychological development. Human adulthood encompasses psychological adult development. Definitions of adulthood are often inconsistent and contradictory; a person may be biologically an adult, and have adult behavior, but still be treated as a child if they are under the legal age of majority. Conversely, one may legally be an adult but possess none of the maturity and responsibility that may define an adult character. In different cultures there are events that relate passing from being a child to becomin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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