Hypocryphalus Mangiferae

	Hypocryphalus Mangiferae ''Cryphalus mangiferae'', the mango bark beetle, is a tiny tropical bark beetle which attacks mango trees (''Mangifera indica''). The species belongs to the family Curculionidae, subfamily Scolytinae. It is often cited as a vector of plant pathogenic fungi infecting mango trees and in some countries like Pakistan it is regarded as a serious threat to mango cultivation. Distribution ''C. mangiferae'' has been first described from India and is widely distributed in tropical regions, that is southern Asia, Oceania, Australia, Africa and Central/South America, including the Caribbean. It is believed to be native to southern Asia and introduced into agricultural areas in other tropical regions. See thBark and Ambrosia Beetles of North and Central Americafor a complete list of distribution records. Biology Like other members of the genus ''Cryphalus'', the adults of ''C. mangiferae'' are tiny, only 1.6–2.2 mm long and about 2.2x longer than wide. ''C. mangiferae'' can be distin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Mangifera Indica ''Mangifera indica'', commonly known as mango, is a species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae. It is a large fruit tree, capable of growing to a height of . There are two distinct genetic populations in modern mangoesthe "Indian type" and the "Southeast Asian type". Description It is a large green tree, valued mainly for its fruits, both green and ripe. Approximately 500 Variety (botany), varieties have been reported in India. It can grow up to tall with a similar crown width and a trunk circumference of more than . The leaves are simple, shiny and dark green. Red-yellow flowers appear at the end of winter, and also at the beginning of spring. Both male and female flowers are borne on same tree. Climatic conditions have a significant influence on the time of flowering. In South Asia, flowering starts in December in the south, in January in Bihar and Bengal, in February in eastern Uttar Pradesh, and in February–March in northern India. The duration of flowering is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Curculionidae The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families, with 6,800 genera and 83,000 species described worldwide. They are the sister group to the family Brentidae. They include the bark beetles as the subfamily Scolytinae, which are modified in shape in accordance with their wood-boring lifestyle. They do not much resemble other weevils, so they were traditionally considered a distinct family, Scolytidae. The family also includes the ambrosia beetles, of which the present-day subfamily Platypodinae was formerly considered the distinct family Platypodidae. Description Adult Curculionidae can be recognised by the well-developed, downwards-curved snout (rostrum) possessed by many species, though the rostrum is sometimes short (e.g. Entiminae). They have elbowed antennae that end in clubs, and the first antennal segment often fits into a groove in the side of the rostrum. The body tends to be robus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Bark Beetle A bark beetle is the common name for the subfamily of beetles Scolytinae. Previously, this was considered a distinct family (Scolytidae), but is now understood to be a specialized clade of the "true weevil" family (Curculionidae). Although the term "bark beetle" refers to the fact that many species feed in the inner bark (phloem) layer of trees, the subfamily also has many species with other lifestyles, including some that bore into wood, feed in fruit and seeds, or tunnel into herbaceous plants. Well-known species are members of the type genus ''Scolytus'', namely the European elm bark beetle ''S. multistriatus'' and the large elm bark beetle ''S. scolytus'', which like the American elm bark beetle ''Hylurgopinus rufipes'', transmit Dutch elm disease fungi (''Ophiostoma''). The mountain pine beetle ''Dendroctonus ponderosae'', southern pine beetle ''Dendroctonus frontalis'', and their near relatives are major pests of conifer forests in North America. A similarly aggressive spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Anacardiaceae The Anacardiaceae, commonly known as the cashew family or sumac family, are a family of flowering plants, including about 83 genera with about 860 known species. Members of the Anacardiaceae bear fruits that are drupes and in some cases produce urushiol, an irritant. The Anacardiaceae include numerous genera, several of which are economically important, notably cashew (in the type genus ''Anacardium''), mango, Chinese lacquer tree, yellow mombin, Peruvian pepper, poison ivy, poison oak, sumac, smoke tree, marula and cuachalalate. The genus ''Pistacia'' (which includes the pistachio and mastic tree) is now included, but was previously placed in its own family, the Pistaciaceae. Description Trees or shrubs, each has inconspicuous flowers and resinous or milky sap that may be highly poisonous, as in black poisonwood and sometimes foul-smelling. Natural System of Botany (1831)pages 125-127/ref> Resin canals located in the inner fibrous bark of the fibrovascular syst ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Choerospondias ''Choerospondias'' is a genus of plants with two species, belonging to the family Anacardiaceae. Currently, ''Choerospondias axillaris'' is the only extant species in the genus. Species ''Choerospondias auriculata'' D.Chandra ''Choerospondias axillaris ''Choerospondias axillaris'', known in English as the Nepali hog plum, is a tree in the family Anacardiaceae. It is a common fruit in Nepal and Bhutan, called lapsi and aamli in Nepali speaking community. It is native to Nepal. Its fruit is about ...'' (Roxb.) B.L.Burtt & A.W.Hill References {{Taxonbar, from=Q2717784 Anacardiaceae Anacardiaceae genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Ceratocystis ''Ceratocystis'' is a genus of fungi in the family Ceratocystidaceae. Several species are important plant pathogens, causing diseases such as oak wilt and pineapple black rot. Species ''Ceratocystis acericola'' ''Ceratocystis acoma'' ''Ceratocystis adiposa'' ''Ceratocystis aequivaginata'' ''Ceratocystis albida'' ''Ceratocystis albofundus'' ''Ceratocystis angusticoolis'' ''Ceratocystis antennaroidospora'' ''Ceratocystis arborea'' ''Ceratocystis asteroides'' ''Ceratocystis atrox'' ''Ceratocystis autographa'' ''Ceratocystis bhutanensis'' ''Ceratocystis brunneocrinita'' ''Ceratocystis bunae'' ''Ceratocystis buxi'' ''Ceratocystis cacaofunesta'' ''Ceratocystis californica'' ''Ceratocystis capitata'' ''Ceratocystis caryae'' ''Ceratocystis castaneae'' ''Ceratocystis catoniana'' ''Ceratocystis chinaeucensis'' ''Ceratocystis coerulescens'' ''Ceratocystis colombiana'' ''Ceratocystis columnaris'' ''Ceratocystis comata'' ''Ceratocystis concentrica'' ''Ceratocystis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR:* [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
picture info	Mycangium The term mycangium (pl., mycangia) is used in biology for special structures on the body of an animal that are adapted for the transport of symbiotic fungi (usually in spore form). This is seen in many xylophagous insects (e.g. horntails and bark beetles), which apparently derive much of their nutrition from the digestion of various fungi that are growing amidst the wood fibers. In some cases, as in ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae), the fungi are the sole food, and the excavations in the wood are simply to make a suitable microenvironment for the fungus to grow. In other cases (e.g., the southern pine beetle, ''Dendroctonus frontalis''), wood tissue is the main food, and fungi weaken the defense response from the host plant. Some species of phoretic mites that ride on the beetles, have their own type of mycangium, but for historical reasons, mite taxonomists use the term acarinarium. Apart from riding on the beetles, the mites live together w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Ceratocystis Fimbriata ''Ceratocystis fimbriata'' is a fungus and a plant pathogen, attacking such diverse plants as the sweet potato (''black rot'') and the tapping panels of the Para rubber tree (''moldy rot''). It is a diverse species that attacks a wide variety of annual and perennial plants. There are several host-specialized strains, some of which, such as ''Ceratocystis platani'' that attacks plane trees, are now described as distinct species. Taxonomy ''Ceratocystis fimbriata'', the type species of the genus ''Ceratocystis'', was originally described on the sweet potato (''Ipomoea batatus'') in 1890. It has since been found on a wide variety of annual and perennial plants. It is a large, diverse complex of species that cause wilt-type diseases of many economically important plants. There are thought to be three broad geographic clades, the North American, the Latin American and the Asian clades. It is thought likely that ''Ceratocystis fimbriata'' contains many undescribed, hidden species. One ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]
	Scolytinae A bark beetle is the common name for the subfamily of beetles Scolytinae. Previously, this was considered a distinct family (Scolytidae), but is now understood to be a specialized clade of the "true weevil" family (Curculionidae). Although the term "bark beetle" refers to the fact that many species feed in the inner bark (phloem) layer of trees, the subfamily also has many species with other lifestyles, including some that bore into wood, feed in fruit and seeds, or tunnel into herbaceous plants. Well-known species are members of the type genus ''Scolytus'', namely the European elm bark beetle ''S. multistriatus'' and the large elm bark beetle ''S. scolytus'', which like the American elm bark beetle ''Hylurgopinus rufipes'', transmit Dutch elm disease fungi (''Ophiostoma''). The mountain pine beetle ''Dendroctonus ponderosae'', southern pine beetle ''Dendroctonus frontalis'', and their near relatives are major pests of conifer forests in North America. A similarly aggressive spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu]