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Horse-flies
Horse-flies or horseflies are true flies in the family Tabanidae in the insect order Diptera. They are often large and agile in flight, and only the female horseflies bite animals, including humans, to obtain blood. They prefer to fly in sunlight, avoiding dark and shady areas, and are inactive at night. They are found all over the world except for some islands and the polar regions (Hawaii, Greenland, Iceland). Both horse-flies and botflies (Oestridae) are sometimes referred to as gadflies. Adult horse-flies feed on nectar and plant exudates; the males have weak mouthparts and only the females bite animals to obtain enough protein from blood to produce eggs. The mouthparts of females are formed into a stout stabbing organ with two pairs of sharp cutting blades, and a spongelike part used to lap up the blood that flows from the wound. The larvae are predaceous and grow in semiaquatic habitats. Female horse-flies can transfer blood-borne diseases from one animal to anothe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pangoniinae
Pangoniinae is a subfamily of Horse-flies in the order Diptera, containing at least four tribes and 24 genera. Insects in this subfamily are distinguished from other Tabanidae by possession of ocelli and the antennal flagellum usually has eight rings. Tribes and Genera Goniopsini Tribe Goniopsini Lessard, 2014 *'' Goniops'' Aldrich, 1892 Mycteromyiini *'' Caenopangonia'' Kröber, 1930 Pangoniini Many Neotropical Tribe Pangoniini *'' Apatolestes'' Williston, 1885 *'' Asaphomyia'' Stone, 1953 *'' Austroplex'' Mackerras, 1955 *'' Brennania'' Philip, 1941 *'' Caenoprosopon'' Ricardo, 1915 *'' Ectenopsis'' Macquart, 1838 *'' Esenbeckia'' Rondani, 1863 *'' Nagatomyia'' Murdoch & Takashasi, 1961 *'' Pangonius'' Latreille, 1802 *'' Pegasomyia'' Burger, 1985 *'' Protosilvius'' Enderlein, 1922 *'' Stonemyia'' Brennan, 1935 *'' Therevopangonia'' Mackerras, 1955 Philolichini Tribe Philolichini *'' Philoliche'' Wiedemann, 1920 Scionini Tribe Scionini *'' Anzomyia'' Lessar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tabanus Sulcifrons
''Tabanus sulcifrons'' is a species of horse fly in the family Tabanidae Horse-flies or horseflies are true flies in the family Tabanidae in the insect order Diptera. They are often large and agile in flight, and only the female horseflies bite animals, including humans, to obtain blood. They prefer to fly in s .... Subspecies These two subspecies belong to the species ''Tabanus sulcifrons'': * ''Tabanus sulcifrons sulcifrons'' Macquart, 1855 * ''Tabanus sulcifrons variegatus'' Fabricius, 1805 References Tabanidae Insects described in 1855 Diptera of North America Taxa named by Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart {{tabanoidea-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adersiinae
''Adersia'' is a genus of horseflies of the family Tabanidae. It is the only genus in the tribe Adersiini, and the only member of the subfamily Adersiinae. Species *'' Adersia ambigua'' Oldroyd, 1957 *''Adersia callani ''Adersia'' is a genus of horseflies of the family Horse-fly, Tabanidae. It is the only genus in the tribe Adersiini, and the only member of the subfamily Adersiinae. Species *''Adersia ambigua'' Harold Oldroyd, Oldroyd, 1957 *''Adersia callani' ...'' Oldroyd, 1957 *'' Adersia gandarai'' Dias, 1959 *'' Adersia guichardi'' Oldroyd, 1957 *'' Adersia maculenta'' (Dias, 1956) *'' Adersia oestroides'' ( Karsch, 1888) References {{Taxonbar, from=Q14742489 Tabanidae Brachycera genera Taxa named by Ernest Edward Austen Diptera of Africa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrysopsinae
Chrysopsinae is a subfamily of deer flies in the family Tabanidae. Genera These 33 genera belong to the subfamily Chrysopsinae: *'' Aegophagamyia'' Austen, 1912 *'' Alocella'' Quentin, 1990 *'' Betrequia'' Oldroyd, 1970 *''Chrysops'' Meigen, 1803 *'' Eucompsa'' Enderlein, 1922 *'' Gastroxides'' Saunders, 1842 *'' Gressittia'' Philip & Mackerras, 1960 *'' Jashinea'' Oldroyd, 1970 *'' Mackerrasia'' Travassos Dias, 1956 *'' Melissomorpha'' Ricardo, 1906 *'' Merycomyia'' Hine, 1912 *'' Nemorius'' Rondani, 1856 *'' Neochrysops'' Walton, 1918 *'' Oldroydiella'' Travassos Dias, 1955 *'' Orgizocella'' Quentin, 1990 *'' Orgizomyia'' Grünberg, 1906 *'' Paulianomyia'' Oldroyd, 1957 *'' Phibalomyia'' Taylor, 1920 *'' Pseudopangonia'' Ricardo, 1915 *'' Pseudotabanus'' Ricardo, 1915 *'' Rhigioglossa'' Wiedemann, 1828 *''Rhinomyza'' Wiedemann, 1820 *'' Seguytabanus'' Paulian, 1962 *'' Silviomyza'' Philip & Mackerras, 1960 *'' Silvius'' Meigen, 1820 *'' Sphecodemyia'' Austen, 1937 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tabaninae
Tabaninae is a subfamily of horse flies in the family Horse-fly, Tabanidae. There are more than 3000 described species in Tabaninae. Tribes and genera Diachlorini *''Acanthocera'' Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart, Macquart, 1834 *''Acellomyia'' Gonzalez, 1999 *''Anacimas'' Günther Enderlein, Enderlein, 1923 *''Anaerythrops'' Barretto, 1948 *''Atelozella'' Joseph Charles Bequaert, Bequaert, 1930 *''Atelozomyia'' Dias, 1987 *''Bartolomeudiasiella'' Dias, 1987 *''Bolbodimyia'' Jacques-Marie-Frangile Bigot, Bigot, 1892 *''Buestanmyia'' González, 2021 *''Catachlorops'' Adolfo Lutz, Lutz, 1909 *''Chalybosoma'' Harold Oldroyd, Oldroyd, 1949 *''Chasmia'' Günther Enderlein, Enderlein, 1922 *''Chlorotabanus'' Adolfo Lutz, Lutz, 1909 *''Cretotabanus'' Graham Fairchild, Fairchild, 1969 *''Cryptotylus'' Adolfo Lutz, Lutz, 1909 *''Cydistomorpha'' Trojan, 1994 *''Cydistomyia'' Taylor, 1919 *''Dasybasis'' Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart, Macquart, 1847 *''Dasychela'' Günther Enderlein, Enderlein, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece ( el, Ἑλλάς, Hellás) was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity ( AD 600), that comprised a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and other territories. Most of these regions were officially unified only once, for 13 years, under Alexander the Great's empire from 336 to 323 BC (though this excludes a number of Greek city-states free from Alexander's jurisdiction in the western Mediterranean, around the Black Sea, Cyprus, and Cyrenaica). In Western history, the era of classical antiquity was immediately followed by the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine period. Roughly three centuries after the Late Bronze Age collapse of Mycenaean Greece, Greek urban poleis began to form in the 8th century BC, ushering in the Archaic period and the colonization of the Mediterranean Basin. This was followed by the age of Classical G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Loa Loa
''Loa loa'' is a filarial (arthropod-borne) nematode (roundworm) that causes ''Loa loa'' filariasis. ''Loa loa'' actually means "worm worm", but is commonly known as the "eye worm", as it localizes to the conjunctiva of the eye. ''Loa loa'' is commonly found in Africa.Schmidt, Gerald et al. "Foundations of Parasitology". 7th ed. McGraw Hill, New York, NY, 2005. It mainly inhabits rain forests in West Africa and has native origins in Ethiopia. The disease caused by ''Loa loa'' is called loiasis and is one of the neglected tropical diseases. ''L. loa'' is one of three parasitic filarial nematodes that cause subcutaneous filariasis in humans. The other two are ''Mansonella streptocerca and Onchocerca volvulus'' (causes river blindness). Maturing larvae and adults of the "eye worm" occupy the subcutaneous layer of the skin – the fat layer – of humans, causing disease. The ''L. loa'' adult worm which travels under the skin can survive up to 10–15 years, causing inflammati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthrax
Anthrax is an infection caused by the bacterium ''Bacillus anthracis''. It can occur in four forms: skin, lungs, intestinal, and injection. Symptom onset occurs between one day and more than two months after the infection is contracted. The skin form presents with a small blister with surrounding swelling that often turns into a painless ulcer with a black center. The inhalation form presents with fever, chest pain and shortness of breath. The intestinal form presents with diarrhea (which may contain blood), abdominal pains, nausea and vomiting. The injection form presents with fever and an abscess at the site of drug injection. According to the USA's Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the first clinical descriptions of cutaneous anthrax were given by Maret in 1752 and Fournier in 1769. Before that anthrax had been described only through historical accounts. The Prussian scientist Robert Koch (1843–1910) was the first to identify ''Bacillus anthracis'' as the bacteri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tularemia
Tularemia, also known as rabbit fever, is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium ''Francisella tularensis''. Symptoms may include fever, skin ulcers, and enlarged lymph nodes. Occasionally, a form that results in pneumonia or a throat infection may occur. The bacterium is typically spread by ticks, deer flies, or contact with infected animals. It may also be spread by drinking contaminated water or breathing in contaminated dust. It does not spread directly between people. Diagnosis is by blood tests or cultures of the infected site. Prevention is by using insect repellent, wearing long pants, rapidly removing ticks, and not disturbing dead animals. Treatment is typically with the antibiotic streptomycin. Gentamicin, doxycycline, or ciprofloxacin may also be used. Between the 1970s and 2015, around 200 cases were reported in the United States a year. Males are affected more often than females. It occurs most frequently in the young and the middle aged. In the United St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aeschylus
Aeschylus (, ; grc-gre, Αἰσχύλος ; c. 525/524 – c. 456/455 BC) was an ancient Greek tragedian, and is often described as the father of tragedy. Academic knowledge of the genre begins with his work, and understanding of earlier Greek tragedy is largely based on inferences made from reading his surviving plays. According to Aristotle, he expanded the number of characters in the theatre and allowed conflict among them. Formerly, characters interacted only with the chorus.The remnant of a commemorative inscription, dated to the 3rd century BC, lists four, possibly eight, dramatic poets (probably including Choerilus, Phrynichus, and Pratinas) who had won tragic victories at the Dionysia before Aeschylus had. Thespis was traditionally regarded the inventor of tragedy. According to another tradition, tragedy was established in Athens in the late 530s BC, but that may simply reflect an absence of records. Major innovations in dramatic form, credited to Aeschylus by Aristotle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Norse
Old Norse, Old Nordic, or Old Scandinavian, is a stage of development of North Germanic languages, North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages. Old Norse was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and their Viking expansion, overseas settlements and chronologically coincides with the Viking Age, the Christianization of Scandinavia and the consolidation of Scandinavian kingdoms from about the 7th to the 15th centuries. The Proto-Norse language developed into Old Norse by the 8th century, and Old Norse began to develop into the modern North Germanic languages in the mid-to-late 14th century, ending the language phase known as Old Norse. These dates, however, are not absolute, since written Old Norse is found well into the 15th century. Old Norse was divided into three dialects: Old West Norse, ''Old West Norse'' or ''Old West Nordic'' (often referred to as ''Old Norse''), Old East Norse, ''Old East Norse'' or ''Old East Nordic'', and ''Ol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micrographia Robert Hooke 24
''Micrographia: or Some Physiological Descriptions of Minute Bodies Made by Magnifying Glasses. With Observations and Inquiries Thereupon.'' is a historically significant book by Robert Hooke about his observations through various lenses. It was the first book to include illustrations of insects and plants as seen through microscopes. Published in January 1665, the first major publication of the Royal Society, it became the first scientific best-seller, inspiring a wide public interest in the new science of microscopy. The book originated the biological term ''cell''. Observations Hooke most famously describes a fly's eye and a plant cell (where he coined that term because plant cells, which are walled, reminded him of the cells in a honeycomb"... I could exceedingly plainly perceive it to be all perforated and porous, much like a Honey-comb, but that the pores of it were not regular .these pores, or cells, .were indeed the first microscopical pores I ever saw, and perhaps, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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