Pangoniinae is a subfamily of Horse-flies in the order

Diptera Flies are insects of the order Diptera, the name being derived from the Greek δι- ''di-'' "two", and πτερόν ''pteron'' "wing". Insects of this order use only a single pair of wings to fly, the hindwings having evolved into advanced ...

, containing at least four

tribes The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to conflic ...

and 24 genera. Insects in this subfamily are distinguished from other

Tabanidae Horse-flies or horseflies are true flies in the family Tabanidae in the insect order Diptera. They are often large and agile in flight, and only the female horseflies bite animals, including humans, to obtain blood. They prefer to fly in s ...

by possession of

ocelli A simple eye (sometimes called a pigment pit) refers to a form of eye or an optical arrangement composed of a single lens and without an elaborate retina such as occurs in most vertebrates. In this sense "simple eye" is distinct from a multi-l ...

and the antennal

flagellum A flagellum (; ) is a hairlike appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility. Many protists with flagella are termed as flagellates. A microorganism may have f ...

usually has eight rings.

Tribes and Genera

Goniopsini

Tribe Goniopsini Lessard, 2014 *'' Goniops'' Aldrich, 1892

Mycteromyiini

*'' Caenopangonia'' Kröber, 1930

Pangoniini

Many

Neotropical The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In bioge ...

Tribe Pangoniini *'' Apatolestes'' Williston, 1885 *'' Asaphomyia'' Stone, 1953 *'' Austroplex'' Mackerras, 1955 *'' Brennania''

Philip Philip, also Phillip, is a male given name, derived from the Greek (''Philippos'', lit. "horse-loving" or "fond of horses"), from a compound of (''philos'', "dear", "loved", "loving") and (''hippos'', "horse"). Prominent Philips who popularize ...

, 1941 *'' Caenoprosopon'' Ricardo, 1915 *'' Ectenopsis'' Macquart, 1838 *'' Esenbeckia'' Rondani, 1863 *'' Nagatomyia'' Murdoch & Takashasi, 1961 *'' Pangonius'' Latreille, 1802 *'' Pegasomyia'' Burger, 1985 *'' Protosilvius'' Enderlein, 1922 *'' Stonemyia'' Brennan, 1935 *'' Therevopangonia'' Mackerras, 1955

Philolichini

Tribe Philolichini *'' Philoliche'' Wiedemann, 1920

Scionini

Scaptia lata 11 Feb 2010 Volcan Osorno Chile

Tribe Scionini *'' Anzomyia'' Lessard, 2012 *'' Aotearomyia'' Lessard, 2014 *'' Apocampta'' Schiner, 1868 *'' Copidapha'' Enderlein, 1922 *'' Fidena''

Walker Walker or The Walker may refer to: People *Walker (given name) *Walker (surname) *Walker (Brazilian footballer) (born 1982), Brazilian footballer Places In the United States *Walker, Arizona, in Yavapai County *Walker, Mono County, California * ...

, 1850 *'' Lepmia''

Fairchild Fairchild may refer to: Organizations * Fairchild Aerial Surveys, operated in cooperation with a subsidiary of Fairey Aviation Company * Fairchild Camera and Instrument * List of Sherman Fairchild companies, "Fairchild" companies * Fairchild Fa ...

, 1969 *'' Myioscaptia'' Mackerras, 1955 *'' Osca''

, 1850 *'' Palimmecomyia'' Taylor, 1917 *'' Parosca'' Enderlein, 1922 *'' Pityocera'' Giglio-Tos, 1896 *'' Plinthina''

, 1850 *'' Pseudomelpia'' Enderlein, 1922 *'' Pseudoscione''

Lutz Lutz is a surname and given name, occasionally a short form of Ludwig. People with the name include: Surname *Adolfo Lutz (1855–1940), Brazilian physician *Aleda E. Lutz (1915–1944), American Army flight nurse * Alois Lutz, Austrian figure ...

, 1918 *'' Scaptia''

, 1850 *:'' Plinthina''

, 1850 *''

Scione Scione or Skione ( grc, Σκιώνη) was an ancient Greek city in Pallene, the westernmost headland of Chalcidice, on the southern coast east of the modern town of Nea Skioni. Scione was founded by settlers from Achaea; the Scionaeans claimed ...

, 1850 *'' Triclista'' Enderlein, 1922

Scepsidini

Tribe Scepsidini *''

Scepsis Scepsis or Skepsis ( grc, Σκῆψις or Σκέψις) was an ancient settlement in the Troad, Asia Minor that is at the present site of the village of Kurşunlutepe, near the town of Bayramiç in Turkey. The settlement is notable for being t ...

, 1850

''
Incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...
''

*'' Zophina''

, 1954

References

External links

* * {{Taxonbar, from=Q5682644 Tabanidae Brachycera subfamilies Taxa named by Hermann Loew