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Hendrick Zwaardecroon
Hendrick or Henricus Zwaardecroon (26 January 1667 – 12 August 1728) was Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1718 until 1725. Early career Zwaardecroon left for the East Indies as a midshipman aboard the ''Purmer'' in December 1684 and arrived in Batavia in October 1685. During the trip he had several times been employed as secretary to Commissioner-General Hendrik van Rheede, which enabled him to make quick progress in his career with the Dutch East India Company (VOC). In 1686 he became Bookkeeper (''boekhouder'') and subsequently Underbuyer (''onderkoopman''). In 1694, he was promoted to Buyer (''koopman'') and in 1694 to Senior Buyer (''opperkoopman''). In the same year he was appointed Commander (''commandeur'') in Jafnapatham in Ceylon. He was Commissioner (''commissaris'') on the Malabar Coast and acting Governor of Ceylon in 1697. He became, in 1703, Secretary to the High Government of the Indies (''Hoge Regering'') in Batavia, and in 1704, through the inf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Governors-General Of The Dutch East Indies
This is a list of governors and colonial administrators of the Dutch East Indies. Governors Company appointed Government-appointed See also * Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies * President of Indonesia ** List of presidents of Indonesia * Prime Minister of Indonesia Footnotes Sources * External links Indonesia list of authority {{DEFAULTSORT:Governors General of the Dutch East Indies Governors-General of the Dutch East Indies, Lists of political office-holders in Indonesia Lists of Dutch colonial governors and administrators ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heren XVII
The United East India Company ( nl, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the VOC) was a chartered company established on the 20th March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies into the first joint-stock company in the world, granting it a 21-year monopoly to carry out trade activities in Asia. Shares in the company could be bought by any resident of the United Provinces and then subsequently bought and sold in open-air secondary markets (one of which became the Amsterdam Stock Exchange). It is sometimes considered to have been the first multinational corporation. It was a powerful company, possessing quasi-governmental powers, including the ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, strike its own coins, and establish colonies. They are also known for their international slave trade. Statistically, the VOC eclipsed all of its rivals in the Asia trade. Between 1602 and 1796 the VOC sent almost a million Europe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1667 Births
Events January–March * January 11 – Aurangzeb, monarch of the Mughal Empire, orders the removal of Rao Karan Singh as Maharaja of the Bikaner State (part of the modern-day Rajasthan state of India) because of Karan's dereliction of duty in battle. * January 19 – The town of Anzonico in Switzerland is destroyed by an avalanche. * January 27 – The 2,000 seat Opernhaus am Taschenberg, a theater in Dresden (capital of the Electorate of Saxony) opens with its first production, Pietro Ziani's opera ''Il teseo''. * February 5 – In the Second Anglo-Dutch War, the English Royal Navy warship HMS ''Saint Patrick'' is captured less than nine months after being launched, when it fights a battle off the coast of England and North Foreland, Kent. Captain Robert Saunders and 8 of his crew are killed while fighting the Dutch ships ''Delft'' and ''Shakerlo''. The Dutch Navy renames the ship the ''Zwanenburg''. * February 6 (January 27 O.S.) – The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amangkurat IV
Amangkurat IV was the son of Pakubuwono I, and Susuhunan Mataram between 1719 to 1726. His son was the last ruler of Mataram, Pakubuwono II Pakubuwono II (also transliterated Pakubuwana II) (1711–1749) was the last ruler of Mataram and the first Susuhunan (ruler of Surakarta Surakarta ( jv, ꦯꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ), known colloquially as Solo ( jv, ꦱꦭ; ), is a city in Central Jav .... References * Miksic, John N. (general ed.), et al. (2006) ''Karaton Surakarta. A look into the court of Surakarta Hadiningrat, central Java'' (First published: 'By the will of His Serene Highness Paku Buwono XII'. Surakarta: Yayasan Pawiyatan Kabudayan Karaton Surakarta, 2004) Marshall Cavendish Editions Singapore * Ricklefs, M.C. (1998) ''The seen and unseen worlds in Java, 1726–49: History, literature and Islam in the court of Pakubuwana II''. St. Leonards NSW: The Asian Studies Association of Australia in association with Allen and Unwin; Honolulu : The University of Hawai'i Press. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East Java
East Java ( id, Jawa Timur) is a Provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia located in the easternmost hemisphere of Java island. It has a land border only with the province of Central Java to the west; the Java Sea and the Indian Ocean border its northern and southern coasts, respectively, while the narrow Bali Strait to the east separates Java from Bali by around . Located in eastern Java (island), Java, the province also includes the island of Madura Island, Madura (which is connected to Java by the longest bridge in Indonesia, the Suramadu Bridge), as well as the Kangean Islands, Kangean islands and other smaller island groups located further east (in the northern Bali Sea) and Masalembu Islands, Masalembu archipelagos in the north. Its capital is Surabaya, the Largest cities in Indonesia, second largest city in Indonesia, a major industrial center and also a major business center. Banyuwangi is the largest regency in East Java and the largest on the island of Java. The p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kartasura
Kartasura ( jv, ꦏꦂꦠꦱꦸꦫ, also spelled Kartosuro) is a district ''(kecamatan)'' in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Kartasura is considered as a Surakarta's satellite city, and a junction of highways to Yogyakarta and Semarang. It can be reached within minutes southward of Surakarta's Adisumarmo International Airport. History In the seventeenth century Kartasura was the capital of the Sultanate of Mataram between 1680 and 1755. It is commonly referred to as the Kartasura era or period of the Mataram sultanate—it preceded the transfer to Surakarta by Pakubuwana II. There were considerable problems for the sultanate in this era: * A difficult relationship with the Dutch East India Company (VOC) * The issues of succession, such as Treaty of Giyanti (1755) * The ''Geger Pecinan'', Chinese rebellion which burnt the palace (1743) Heritage sites There are 2 palace sites, Kartasura Palace at Kartasura subdistrict (''kelurahan'') and Pajang The Kingdom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pakubuwono II
Pakubuwono II (also transliterated Pakubuwana II) (1711–1749) was the last ruler of Mataram and the first Susuhunan (ruler of Surakarta Surakarta ( jv, ꦯꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ), known colloquially as Solo ( jv, ꦱꦭ; ), is a city in Central Java, Indonesia. The 44 km2 (16.2 sq mi) city adjoins Karanganyar Regency and Boyolali Regency to the north, Karanganyar Regency and Sukoh ...). His correct title in Javanese etiquette standards contains honorific appellations, some of which each successive ruler inherits. His move of his court from Kartasura to Surakarta was to avert the calamities occurred at the former palace.Ricklefs, M.C. (1998) ''The seen and unseen worlds in Java, 1726–49: History, literature and Islam in the court of Pakubuwana II''. St. Leonards NSW: The Asian Studies Association of Australia in association with Allen and Unwin; Honolulu : The University of Hawai'i Press. References Burials at Imogiri Susuhunan of Surakarta 1711 births 1749 dea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and is produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons. The best-known silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm ''Bombyx mori'' reared in captivity (sericulture). The shimmering appearance of silk is due to the triangular prism-like structure of the silk fibre, which allows silk cloth to refract incoming light at different angles, thus producing different colors. Silk is produced by several insects; but, generally, only the silk of moth caterpillars has been used for textile manufacturing. There has been some research into other types of silk, which differ at the molecular level. Silk is mainly produced by the larvae of insects undergoing complete metamorphosis, but some insects, such as webspinners and raspy crickets, produce silk throughout their lives. Silk production also occurs in hymenoptera ( bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Java
Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea to the north. With a population of 151.6 million people, Java is the world's List of islands by population, most populous island, home to approximately 56% of the Demographics of Indonesia, Indonesian population. Indonesia's capital city, Jakarta, is on Java's northwestern coast. Many of the best known events in Indonesian history took place on Java. It was the centre of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires, the Islamic sultanates, and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies. Java was also the center of the History of Indonesia, Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s and 1940s. Java dominates Indonesia politically, economically and culturally. Four of Indonesia's eight UNESCO world heritage sites are located in Java: Ujung Kulon National Park, Borobudur Temple, Prambanan Temple, and Sangiran Early Man Site. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Priangan
Parahyangan ( su, ᮕᮛᮠᮡᮀᮠᮔ᮪; Bantenese: Priangan; Dutch: Preanger) is a cultural and mountainous region in West Java province on the Indonesian island of Java. Covering a little less than one sixth of Java, it is the heartland of Sundanese people and their culture. It is bordered to the West by Banten province, to the North by the northern coast region of Subang, Cirebon and Indramayu (former residencies of Batavia and Cheribon), to the east by Central Java province (former residencies of Banyumas and Pekalongan), and to the south by the Indian Ocean. Etymology The name "Parahyangan" has its origins from Sundanese words that mean "the abode of hyangs (gods)". Parahyangan is a mountainous region, and ancient Indonesians believed that the gods resided in the mountain tops. A Sundanese legend of Sangkuriang contains the memory of the prehistoric ancient lake in Bandung basin highland, which suggests that the Sundanese had already inhabited the region since the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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