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Guarayu Languages
The Guaráyu or Guaráyo languages (also known as Tupi–Guarani II) the are a subgroup of the Tupi–Guarani language family.Dietrich, Wolf. O tronco tupi e as suas famílias de línguas. Classificação e esboço tipológico. In: NOLL, Volker. ''O Português e o Tupi no Brasil''. São Paulo: Editora Contexto, 2010. Languages The Guarayu languages are:Rodrigues, Aryon Dall'Igna, and Ana Suelly Arruda Câmara Cabral (2012). "Tupían". In Campbell, Lyle, and Verónica Grondona (eds)''The indigenous languages of South America: a comprehensive guide'' Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. * Guarayu *Pauserna (Warázu) *Sirionó The Sirionó are an indigenous people of Bolivia. They primarily live in the forested northern and eastern parts of Beni and northwestern Santa Cruz departments of Bolivia. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bolivia
, image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square patchwork with the (top left to bottom right) diagonals forming colored stripes (green, blue, purple, red, orange, yellow, white, green, blue, purple, red, orange, yellow, from top right to bottom left) , other_symbol = , other_symbol_type = Dual flag: , image_coat = Escudo de Bolivia.svg , national_anthem = " National Anthem of Bolivia" , image_map = BOL orthographic.svg , map_width = 220px , alt_map = , image_map2 = , alt_map2 = , map_caption = , capital = La Paz Sucre , largest_city = , official_languages = Spanish , languages_type = Co-official languages , languages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area and the seventh most populous. Its capital is Brasília, and its most populous city is São Paulo. The federation is composed of the union of the 26 States of Brazil, states and the Federal District (Brazil), Federal District. It is the largest country to have Portuguese language, Portuguese as an List of territorial entities where Portuguese is an official language, official language and the only one in the Americas; one of the most Multiculturalism, multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass Immigration to Brazil, immigration from around the world; and the most populous Catholic Church by country, Roman Catholic-majority country. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a Coastline of Brazi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tupian Languages
The Tupi or Tupian language family comprises some 70 languages spoken in South America, of which the best known are Tupi language, Tupi proper and Guarani language, Guarani. Homeland and ''urheimat'' Rodrigues (2007) considers the Proto-Tupian urheimat to be somewhere between the Guaporé River, Guaporé and Aripuanã River, Aripuanã rivers, in the Madeira River basin. Much of this area corresponds to the modern-day state of Rondônia, Brazil. 5 of the 10 Tupian branches are found in this area, as well as some Tupi–Guarani languages (especially Kawahíb language, Kawahíb), making it the probable urheimat of these languages and maybe of its speaking peoples. Rodrigues believes the Proto-Tupian language dates back to around 3,000 BC. Language contact Tupian languages have extensively influenced many language families in South America. Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Arawa languages, Arawa, Bora-Muinane languages, Bora-Muinane, Guato language, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tupi–Guarani Languages
Tupi–Guarani () is the most widely distributed subfamily of the Tupian languages of South America. It consists of about fifty languages, including Guarani and Old Tupi. The words ''petunia, jaguar, piranha, ipecac, tapioca, jacaranda, anhinga, carioca'', and ''capoeira'' are of Tupi–Guarani origin. Classification Rodrigues & Cabral (2012) Rodrigues & Cabral (2012) propose eight branches of Tupí–Guaraní: *Guaraní (Group I) * Guarayu (Group II): Guarayu, Pauserna**, Sirionó (dialects: Yuqui, Jorá**) *Tupí (Group III): Old Tupi (lingua franca dialect: Tupí Austral), Tupinambá (dialects: Nheengatu, Língua Geral as lingua franca, and Potiguára), Cocama–Omagua*, Tupinikin** * Tenetehara (Group IV): Akwáwa (dialects: Asuriní, Suruí do Pará, Parakanã), Avá-Canoeiro, Tapirapé, Tenetehára (dialects: Guajajara, Tembé), Turiwára * Kawahíb (Group VI): Apiacá, Kawahíb (numerous varieties; incl. Piripkúra, Diahói?), Kayabí, Karipúna, ? Uru-Pa-I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guarayu Language
Guarayu is a Tupian language of Bolivia that is spoken by the Guarayo people who number 23,910 in 2012. The name ''Guarayu (Gwarayú)'' is a variant of '' Guarayo'', which when used in a pejorative sense refers to several indigenous peoples in the area with the meaning of 'savage' or 'uncultured'. The origin of the names is ''Guara'' meaning "warrior", and ''yu'' "pale" (yellow or white). Compared to other Guarani peoples, the Gwarayú are lighter in colour, and bear a striking resemblance to another Guarani group found in Paraguay the Ache. Phonology * p, ⁿt, ᵑkare heard as allophones of /p, t, k/ when in nasal vowel position. References Further reading *Anónimo (2005). ''Gwarayu Ñe’ë, diccionario guarayo - castellano - guarayo''. Cochabamba: Sociedad Bíblica Boliviana. *Hoeller, Alfredo (1932). ''Guarayo-Deutsches Wörterbuch''. Guarayos: Verlag der Missionsprokura der P.P. Franziskaner, Hall in Tirol. External links Audio recordings of stories and conv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pauserna Language
The Pauserna are an indigenous people in Bolivia and Brazil who live along the upper Río Guaporé. Most of them live in the southeastern part of the department of Beni, in Bolivia. The people derive their name from the fact that the pao cerne tree is abundant in their area. Only a few of the older people speak the Pauserna language, which is closely related to Guaraní and is a member of the Tupí language family. History Most likely the Pauserna migrated to Bolivia from Paraguay centuries before when the Guaraní attacked the frontiers of the Incan empire. The Pauserna's ancestors are believed to be the Guaraní. Guarayos and Pauserna once made up a single group; one part of that group, the ancestors of the Guarayu, was moved into missions, and the other part remained independent and is known as the Pauserna. Their first significant contact with outside people came in the 1880s, when rubber tappers came to the area. When Erland Nordenskiöld visited them during his expeditio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sirionó Language
Sirionó (Mbia Cheë; also written as Mbya, Siriono) is a Tupian (Tupi–Guarani, Subgroup II) language spoken by about 400 Sirionó people (50 are monolingual) and 120 Yuqui in eastern Bolivia (eastern Beni and northwestern Santa Cruz departments) in the village of Ibiato (Eviato) and along the Río Blanco in farms and ranches. Phonology Sirionó has phonemic contrasts between front, central, and back, close and mid vowels, i.e. Notes References * Firestone, Homer L. (1965). ''Description and Classification of Sirionó''. London: Mouton. * Holmberg, Allan. (1958). The Sirionó. In J. Steward (Ed.), ''Handbook of South American Indians: The Tropical Forest Tribes'' (Vol. 3, pp. 455–463. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. * Holmberg, Allan. (1969). ''Nomads of the Long Bow: The Sirionó of Eastern Bolivia'' (rev. ed.). Garden City, NY: Natural History Press. * Ingham, John M. (1971). Are the Siriono Raw or Cooked? ''American Anthropologist'', ''73 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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