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Gelechioidea
__NOTOC__ Gelechioidea (from the type genus ''Gelechia'', "keeping to the ground") is the superfamily of moths that contains the case-bearers, twirler moths, and relatives, also simply called curved-horn moths or gelechioid moths. It is a large and poorly understood '"micromoth" superfamily, constituting one of the basal lineages of the Ditrysia.Robinson ''et al.'' (1994), Hodges (1999), O'Toole (2002) As of the 1990s, this superfamily was composed of about 1,425 genera and 16,250 species. It was estimated that only 25% of the species diversity of Gelechioidea had been described. If this estimate is accurate, Gelechioidea will be one of the largest superfamilies of Lepidoptera. The name "curved-horn moths" refers to one of the few conspicuous features found in (almost) all Gelechioidea, and, at least in the more extreme developments, unique to them: the labial palps are well-developed (though not thickened), and form more or less gently curved protrusions whose end has a draw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xyloryctidae
Xyloryctidae is a family of moths contained within the superfamily Gelechioidea described by Edward Meyrick in 1890. Most genera are found in the Indo-Australian region. While many of these moths are tiny, some members of the family grow to a wingspan of up to 66 mm, making them giants among the micromoths. The first recorded instance of a common name for these moths comes from Swainson's ''On the History and Natural Arrangement of Insects'', 1840, where members of the genus '' Cryptophasa'' are described as hermit moths. This is an allusion to the caterpillar's habit of living alone in a purely residential burrow in a tree branch, to which it drags leaves at night, attaching them with silk to the entrance to the burrow and consuming the leaves as they dry out. The name 'timber moths' was coined by the Queensland naturalist Rowland Illidge in 1892, later published in 1895,Illidge, R., 1895: Xylorycts, or timber moths. ''Queensland Nat. Hist. Soc. Trans.,'' 1, 29–34. and se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elachistidae
The Elachistidae (grass-miner moths) are a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. Some authors lump about 3,300 species in eight subfamilies here, but this arrangement almost certainly results in a massively paraphyletic and completely unnatural assemblage, united merely by symplesiomorphies retained from the first gelechioid moths. In fact, most of these moths appear to be either closer to the Oecophorinae and are hence nowadays usually included in the Oecophoridae ( Depressariinae, " Deuterogoniinae", Hypertrophinae, Stenomatinae and perhaps the enigmatic '' Aeolanthes''), or constitute quite basal lineages of gelechioids, neither closely related to '' Elachista'' nor to '' Oecophora'', and hence best treated as independent families within the Gelechioidea ( Agonoxenidae, Ethmiidae). The genus '' Coelopoeta'' is sometimes still placed here, but probably belongs in the Oecophorinae. Consequently, the Elachistidae are essentially identical to the subfamily ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lepidoptera
Lepidoptera ( ) is an order (biology), order of insects that includes butterfly, butterflies and moths (both are called lepidopterans). About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera are described, in 126 Family (biology), families and 46 Taxonomic rank, superfamilies, 10 percent of the total described species of living organisms. It is one of the most widespread and widely recognizable insect orders in the world. The Lepidoptera show many variations of the basic body structure that have evolved to gain advantages in lifestyle and distribution. Recent estimates suggest the order may have more species than earlier thought, and is among the four most wikt:speciose, speciose orders, along with the Hymenoptera, fly, Diptera, and beetle, Coleoptera. Lepidopteran species are characterized by more than three derived features. The most apparent is the presence of scale (anatomy), scales that cover the torso, bodies, wings, and a proboscis. The scales are modified, flattened "hairs", and give ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holcopogoninae
__NOTOC__ The Holcopogoninae are a subfamily of moths. They belong to the huge the superfamily Gelechioidea, of which they represent a minor but apparently quite distinct lineage.Fauna Europaea (2009)Holcopogoninae Version 2.1, 2009-DEC-22. Retrieved 2010-APR-30. They are usually included in the family Autostichidae. Genera This family contains about 10 genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...: * '' Arragonia'' Amsel, 1942 * '' Charadraula'' Meyrick, 1931 * '' Cyllaraxis'' Gozmány in Gaedike, 2000 * '' Gobiletria'' Gozmány, 1964 * '' Heringita'' Agenjo, 1953 * '' Hesperesta'' Gozmany, 1978 * '' Holcopogon'' Staudinger, 1880 * '' Oecia'' Walsingham, 1897 * '' Turatia'' Amsel, 1942 Former genera * '' Bubulcellodes'' Amsel, 1942 (in ''Charadraula'') * '' Gigantolet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autostichidae
Autostichidae is a family of moths in the moth superfamily Gelechioidea. Subfamilies *Autostichinae Le Marchand, 1947 * Deocloninae Hodges, 1998 * Glyphidocerinae Hodges, 1998 *Holcopogoninae Gozmány, 1967 * Oegoconiinae Leraut, 1992 *Symmocinae The Symmocinae are a subfamily of moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. These small moths are found mainly in the Palearctic and Africa. In modern treatments, they are usually united with the concealer moth family Autostichidae. History of ... Gozmány, 1957 References *Autostichidae at funet Gelechioidea Moth families {{Autostichidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oecophoridae
Oecophoridae (concealer moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The phylogeny and systematics of gelechoid moths are still not fully resolved, and the circumscription of the Oecophoridae is strongly affected by this. Taxonomy and systematics * Pleurotinae Toll, 1956 * Deuterogoniinae Spuler, 1910 * Unplaced ** '' Colchia'' Lvovsky, 1995 Also possibly included is the Peruvian species '' Auxotricha ochrogypsa'', described by Edward Meyrick in 1931 as the sole member of its genus. In the past, the family was circumscribed more widely and included the following subfamilies: * Amphisbatinae (sometimes in Depressariinae) * Autostichinae * Depressariinae (including Cryptolechiinae) * Hypertrophinae * Metachandinae * Oecophorinae (including Chimabachinae, Deuterogoniinae, Peleopodinae, Philobotinae) * Stathmopodinae * Stenomatinae Some treatments include only the Oecophorinae and Stathmopodinae here, placing the others elsewhere in the Gelechoidea (typica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
External Morphology Of Lepidoptera
The external morphology of Lepidoptera is the physiological structure of the bodies of insects belonging to the order Lepidoptera, also known as butterflies and moths. Lepidoptera are distinguished from other orders by the presence of scales on the external parts of the body and appendages, especially the wings. Butterflies and moths vary in size from microlepidoptera only a few millimetres long, to a wingspan of many inches such as the Atlas moth. Comprising over 160,000 described species, the Lepidoptera possess variations of the basic body structure which has evolved to gain advantages in adaptation and distribution. Lepidopterans undergo complete metamorphosis, going through a four-stage life cycle: egg, larva or caterpillar, pupa or chrysalis, and imago (plural: ''imagines'') / adult. The larvae – caterpillars – have a toughened ( sclerotised) head capsule, chewing mouthparts, and a soft body, that may have hair-like or other projections, three pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Symmocinae
The Symmocinae are a subfamily of moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. These small moths are found mainly in the Palearctic and Africa. In modern treatments, they are usually united with the concealer moth family Autostichidae. History of classification They have traditionally been considered close relatives of the Blastobasidae, where they were sometimes included as subfamily ''Symmocinae''. In arrangements that include the former in the case-bearer family (Coleophoridae) as subfamily Blastobasinae, the Symmocidae were usually treated as tribe ''Symmocini''. Alternatively, they have been united with the Holcopogonidae; in such a treatment the combined group is typically not included in the concealer moth family (Oecophoridae) but treated as distinct family Autostichidae or Symmocidae, with the respective subfamilies downranked to tribes. Another group proposed to be a close relative is the Xyloryctinae, usually included in the Oecophoridae wherever the Symmocidae are. More rec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ditrysia
The Ditrysia are a natural group or clade of insects in the lepidopteran order containing both butterflies and moths. They are so named because the female has two distinct sexual openings: one for mating, and the other for laying eggs (in contrast to the Monotrysia). About 98% of described species of Lepidoptera belong to Ditrysia. As larvae, they initially feed on plants until they grow to become adults and feed on nectar. Distrysian lineage by the ones that live and cater from the host plant, or even the ones that live outside the plant constructing their own shelter. They function as herbivores, pollinators, and prey in terrestrial ecosystems, while also being extremely damaging to the development of agriculture. The Lepidoptera group can be divided into the primitive but paraphyletic "micromoths" and the derived monophyletic Apoditrysia, which include mostly larger moths, as well as the butterflies. Those with a dorsal heart vessel belong in section Cossina. Others, having a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Micromoth
Microlepidoptera (micromoths) is an artificial (i.e., unranked and not monophyletic) grouping of moth families, commonly known as the 'smaller moths' (micro, Lepidoptera). These generally have wingspans of under 20 mm, and are thus harder to identify by external phenotypic markings than macrolepidoptera. They present some lifestyles which the larger Lepidoptera do not have, but this is not an identifying mark. Some hobbyists further divide this group into separate groups, such as leaf miners or rollers, stem or root borers, and then usually follow the more rigorous scientific taxonomy of lepidopterans. Efforts to stabilize the term have usually proven inadequate. Diversity Vernacular usage divides the Lepidoptera simply into smaller and larger or into more-primitive and less-primitive groups: microlepidoptera and macrolepidoptera, respectively. Intuitively, the "micros" are any lepidopteran not currently placed in the macrolepidoptera. This paraphyletic assemblage, howeve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lateral (anatomy)
Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. This position provides a definition of what is at the front ("anterior"), behind ("posterior") and so on. As part of defining and describing terms, the body is described through the use of anatomical planes and anatomical axes. The meaning of terms that are used can change depending on whether an organism is bipedal or quadrupedal. Additionally, for some animals such as invertebrates, some terms may not have any meaning at all; for example, an animal that is radially symmetrical will have no anterior surface, but can still have a description that a part is close to the middle ("proximal") or further from the middle ("distal"). International organisations have determined vocabularies that are often used as standard vocabularies for subdisciplines of anatom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plesiomorphic
In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy ("near form") and symplesiomorphy are synonyms for an ancestral character shared by all members of a clade, which does not distinguish the clade from other clades. Plesiomorphy, symplesiomorphy, apomorphy, and synapomorphy, all mean a trait shared between species because they share an ancestral species. Apomorphic and synapomorphic characteristics convey much information about evolutionary clades and can be used to define taxa. However, plesiomorphic and symplesiomorphic characteristics cannot. The term ''symplesiomorphy'' was introduced in 1950 by German entomologist Willi Hennig. Examples A backbone is a plesiomorphic trait shared by birds and mammals, and does not help in placing an animal in one or the other of these two clades. Birds and mammals share this trait because both clades are descended from the same far distant ancestor. Other clades, e.g. snakes, lizards, turtles, fish, frogs, all have backbones and none are either birds no ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
