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Grobari
Grobari (Serbian Cyrillic: Гробари, English: ''Gravediggers'' or ''Undertakers'') are the organized supporters group of the Serbian football club Partizan Belgrade. They are one of two major football fan groups in Serbia. They generally support all clubs within the Partizan multi-sports club, and mostly wear black and white symbols, which are the club's colors. Today, Grobari consist of three fractions: ''Južna tribina'', and ''Zabranjeni'', with various subgroups form the three larger ones. The group as a whole traditionally maintains good relations with the Greek PAOK football club supporters ''Gate 4'' as well as with the fans of Russian CSKA Moscow, Italian AC Milan, Romanian Steaua București and Bulgarian CSKA Sofia. History First groups of organized Partizan fan supporters began to visit the JNA stadium in the late 1950s. Those were mainly young men from Belgrade, and they occupied southern stands of the stadium. In those times, support was expressed by lou ...
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Grobari Slave Titulu Protiv Mladosti
Grobari (Serbian Cyrillic alphabet, Serbian Cyrillic: Гробари, English language, English: ''Gravediggers'' or ''Undertakers'') are the organized supporters group of the Serbian football club FK Partizan, Partizan Belgrade. They are one of two major football fan groups in Serbia. They generally support all clubs within the JSD Partizan, Partizan multi-sports club, and mostly wear black and white symbols, which are the club's colors. Today, Grobari consist of three fractions: ''Južna tribina'', and ''Zabranjeni'', with various subgroups form the three larger ones. The group as a whole traditionally maintains good relations with the Greece, Greek PAOK football club supporters ''Gate 4'' as well as with the fans of Russian PFC CSKA Moscow, CSKA Moscow, Italy, Italian A.C. Milan, AC Milan, Romanian CSA Steaua București (football), Steaua București and Bulgarian PFC CSKA Sofia, CSKA Sofia. History First groups of organized FK Partizan, Partizan fan supporters began to vi ...
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FK Partizan
Fudbalski klub Partizan ( sr-Cyrl, Фудбалски клуб Партизан, ; en, Partizan Football Club), sometimes known as Partizan Belgrade in English, is a Serbia, Serbian professional football club (association football), football club based in Belgrade, Serbia, Belgrade. It forms a major part of the JSD Partizan, Partizan multi-sport club. The club plays in the Serbian SuperLiga and has spent its entire history in the top tier of Yugoslav and Serbian football having won a total of 45 official trophies, finishing in the Yugoslav First League, Yugoslav league all-time table as second. Their home ground is the Partizan Stadium in Belgrade, Serbia, Belgrade, where they have played since 1949. Partizan holds records such as playing in the first UEFA Champions League, European Champions Cup match on 4 September, 1955–56 European Cup, 1955, as well as becoming the first Balkans, Balkan and Eastern European football club to reach the European Champions Cup final, when it ...
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JSD Partizan
Jugoslovensko sportsko društvo Partizan ( sr-Cyrl, Југословенско спортско друштво Партизан, lit=Yugoslav Sports Society Partizan), commonly abbreviated as JSD Partizan ( sr-Cyrl, ЈСД Партизан, link=no), is a multi-sport club from Belgrade, Serbia. Founded on 4 October 1945, it is an umbrella organization featuring 30 clubs in 30 different sports. History Founded on 4 October 1945, in Belgrade (Yugoslavia) under the name Fiskulturno društvo Centralnog doma Jugoslovenske armije Partizan (roughly translated to English as ''Sport Society of the Central House of the Yugoslav Army Partizan''). Among the first teams at the club were soccer and athletics. By 1946 there were also basketball, chess, volleyball, tennis, and swimming teams. The next year, 1947, some more sections were founded: biking, boxing, hockey, table tennis, and motorcycling. And later some more – wrestling, judo, weight lifting, waterpolo, shooting, bowling, rowing ...
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Partizan Stadium
The Partizan Stadium (Serbian language, Serbian: Стадион Партизанa / ''Stadion Partizana'') is a association football, football and track-and-field Multi-purpose stadium, stadium in Autokomanda, Belgrade, Serbia. The home ground of FK Partizan, it was formerly known as JNA Stadium (Stadion JNA / Стадион ЈНА) after the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), which it is still colloquially known as by fans in the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, SFR Yugoslavia. Its current capacity is 29,775, having previously seated 50,000 people before conversion to an all-seater stadium. History Construction of the stadium was started after World War II, on the site of BSK Stadion, which was a 25,000-seat stadium that hosted the Yugoslavia national football team, Yugoslav national team as well as BSK Beograd. The stadium was built with the help of the Yugoslav People's Army, in the period between 1948 and 1951. Although the stadium was not completely finished, th ...
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Stadion Partizana
The Partizan Stadium ( Serbian: Стадион Партизанa / ''Stadion Partizana'') is a football and track-and-field stadium in Autokomanda, Belgrade, Serbia. The home ground of FK Partizan, it was formerly known as JNA Stadium (Stadion JNA / Стадион ЈНА) after the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), which it is still colloquially known as by fans in the former SFR Yugoslavia. Its current capacity is 29,775, having previously seated 50,000 people before conversion to an all-seater stadium. History Construction of the stadium was started after World War II, on the site of BSK Stadion, which was a 25,000-seat stadium that hosted the Yugoslav national team as well as BSK Beograd. The stadium was built with the help of the Yugoslav People's Army, in the period between 1948 and 1951. Although the stadium was not completely finished, the first match was Yugoslavia against France on 9 October 1949, which ended 1–1. The ground was officially opened on Yugoslav People ...
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Gate 4
Gate 4 ( el, Θύρα 4) is the name of the association that consists of many supporters groups of the Greek multi-sports club PAOK. The association has members from all over Greece and over the years has played an important role in the club's course influencing the club's decisions. They mostly wear black and white symbols and clothes, which are the colors of the club. History Background PAOK always had great support from fans all over Greece. Before the foundation of Gate 4 there were various football supporters' clubs all around Greece. PAOK's first fan association was the club from Neapoli, Thessaloniki, Neapoli district of Thessaloniki, founded in 1963 and considered one of the oldest in Europe. Gate 4 officially founded on 25 September 1976, but operated unofficially from April of the same year, taking its name from the homonymous 4th gate of the Toumba Stadium, from where PAOK's hard-core fans watched the games. The association has over 120 groups in various parts of the w ...
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Supporters' Groups
A supporters' group or supporters' club is an independent fan club or campaign group in sport, mostly association football. Supporters' groups in continental Europe are generally known as ultras, which derives from the Latin word ultrā, meaning ''beyond'' in English, with the implication that their enthusiasm is 'beyond' the normal. In the Anglosphere, these groups are generally known as "supporters' groups". Most groups in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, and Australia call themselves "supporters' groups"; however, some do self-identify as ultras, particularly in communities with large Spanish, French, or Italian speaking populations. In Mexico, they are called ''porras'', while in South America they are called either ''hinchada'' (plural of ''hincha'', a Spanish word that was first used in Uruguay to refer to a single fan or supporter) or, exclusively in Brazil, ''torcida'' (plural of ''torcedor'', which means 'supporter' in Portuguese) and ''fanaticada'' (plural ...
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UEFA Champions League
The UEFA Champions League (abbreviated as UCL, or sometimes, UEFA CL) is an annual club football competition organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) and contested by top-division European clubs, deciding the competition winners through a round robin group stage to qualify for a double-legged knockout format, and a single leg final. It is one of the most prestigious football tournaments in the world and the most prestigious club competition in European football, played by the national league champions (and, for some nations, one or more runners-up) of their national associations. Introduced in 1955 as the ( French for European Champion Clubs' Cup), and commonly known as the European Cup, it was initially a straight knockout tournament open only to the champions of Europe's domestic leagues, with its winner reckoned as the European club champion. The competition took on its current name in 1992, adding a round-robin group stage in 1991 and allowing mul ...
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Flare
A flare, also sometimes called a fusée, fusee, or bengala in some Latin-speaking countries, is a type of pyrotechnic that produces a bright light or intense heat without an explosion. Flares are used for distress signaling, illumination, or defensive countermeasures in civilian and military applications. Flares may be ground pyrotechnics, projectile pyrotechnics, or parachute-suspended to provide maximum illumination time over a large area. Projectile pyrotechnics may be dropped from aircraft, fired from rocket or artillery, or deployed by flare guns or handheld percussive tubes. History The earliest recorded use of gunpowder for signaling purposes was the 'signal bomb' used by the Chinese Song Dynasty (960–1279) as the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368) besieged Yangzhou in 1276. These soft-shelled bombs, timed to explode in midair, were used to send messages to a detachment of troops far in the distance. Another mention of the signal bomb appears in a text dating ...
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Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. Comprising the westernmost peninsulas of Eurasia, it shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with both Africa and Asia. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and Asia to the east. Europe is commonly considered to be Boundaries between the continents of Earth#Asia and Europe, separated from Asia by the drainage divide, watershed of the Ural Mountains, the Ural (river), Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, the Black Sea and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. "Europe" (pp. 68–69); "Asia" (pp. 90–91): "A commonly accepted division between Asia and E ...
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Socialist Federal Republic Of Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, commonly referred to as SFR Yugoslavia or simply as Yugoslavia, was a country in Central and Southeast Europe. It emerged in 1945, following World War II, and lasted until 1992, with the breakup of Yugoslavia occurring as a consequence of the Yugoslav Wars. Spanning an area of in the Balkans, Yugoslavia was bordered by the Adriatic Sea and Italy to the west, by Austria and Hungary to the north, by Bulgaria and Romania to the east, and by Albania and Greece to the south. It was a one-party socialist state and federation governed by the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, and had six constituent republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. Within Serbia was the Yugoslav capital city of Belgrade as well as two autonomous Yugoslav provinces: Kosovo and Vojvodina. The SFR Yugoslavia traces its origins to 26 November 1942, when the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia wa ...
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Bulgaria
Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. Bulgaria covers a territory of , and is the sixteenth-largest country in Europe. Sofia is the nation's capital and largest city; other major cities are Plovdiv, Varna and Burgas. One of the earliest societies in the lands of modern-day Bulgaria was the Neolithic Karanovo culture, which dates back to 6,500 BC. In the 6th to 3rd century BC the region was a battleground for ancient Thracians, Persians, Celts and Macedonians; stability came when the Roman Empire conquered the region in AD 45. After the Roman state splintered, tribal invasions in the region resumed. Around the 6th century, these territories were settled by the early Slavs. The Bulgars, led by Asp ...
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