|
Geophagini
Geophagini is a tribe of cichlids from the subfamily Cichlinae, the American cichlids. It is the sister taxon to the clade which includes the Cichlasomatini and Heroini. Fishes in the Geophagini are distributed from Panama south to Argentina, it is the most speciose of the seven tribes within the Cichlinae and it is subdivided into three sub-tribes, Acarichthyina, Crenicaratina, and Geophagina which together contain over 200 species. Geophagines show morphological and behavioural specialisations to enable them to sift the substrates within their mouths so that they can separate benthic invertebrates from substrates dominated by sand or silt. Classification The Geophagini are classified as follows: * Subtribe Acarichthyina Kullander, 1998 ** Genus '' Acarichthys'' C. H. Eigenmann, 1912 ** Genus ''Guianacara'' Kullander & Nijssen, 1989 * Subtribe Crenicaratina Kullander, 1998 ** Genus ''Biotoecus'' C. H. Eigenmann & C. H. Kennedy, 1903 ** Genus ''Crenicara'' Steindachner, 1875 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geophagus
''Geophagus'' is a genus of cichlids that mainly live in South America as far south as Argentina and Uruguay, but a single species, ''G. crassilabris'' is from Panama.Mattos, J.L.O., Costa, W.J.E.M. & Santos, A.C.A. (2015): ''Geophagus diamantinensis'', a new species of the ''G. brasiliensis'' species group from Chapada Diamantina, north-eastern Brazil (Cichlidae: Geophagini). ''Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters, 26 (3): 209-220.'' They are found in a wide range of freshwater habitats. They are part of a group popularly known as eartheaters and mostly feed by picking up mouthfuls of sediment to sift out food items such as invertebrates, plant material and detritus. The largest species reach up to in standard length. They are often kept in aquariums. As an invasive species Geophagus Surinamensis was an invasive species in Malaysia, recently found in Putrajaya, the populations are now controlled by giant snakeheads. Taxonomy Some cichlids previously included in this ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geophagus Brasiliensis
The pearl cichlid (''Geophagus brasiliensis'') is a species of fish in the cichlid family. It is native to southeastern Brazil (north to Bahia), Paraguay, Uruguay and far northeastern Argentina,Mattos, J.L.O., Costa, W.J.E.M. & Santos, A.C.A. (2015): ''Geophagus diamantinensis'', a new species of the ''G. brasiliensis'' species group from Chapada Diamantina, north-eastern Brazil (Cichlidae: Geophagini). ''Ichthyological Explorations of Freshwaters, 26 (3): 209-220.'' where it is found in rivers, lakes, and nearby slightly brackish lagoons.SeriouslyFish: 'Geophagus' brasiliensis.' Retrieved 27 August 2014. It has been introduced to several countries far from its native range, including the United States, Australia, the Philippines, and Taiwan. This species is popular among aquarists. ''G. brasiliensis'' is part of a species complex that also includes the rarer '' G. diamantinensis'', '' G. iporangensis'', '' G. itapicuruensis'', '' G. multiocellus'', '' G. obscurus'', '' G. rufom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cichlinae
The Cichlinae are a subfamily of fishes in the cichlid family, native to South America. This subfamily consists of approximately 117 described species as of July 2017. Some authors have suggested that the Cichlinae encompasses all of the Neotropical Cichlids and found the taxon to be monphyletic and to be divided into seven tribes: Astronotini, Chaetobranchini, Cichlasomatini, Cichlini, Geophagini, Heroini, and Retroculini. In this system the Geophaginae plus the Chaetobranchini were recovered as the sister taxon to the clade consisting of the Heroini plus the Cichlatsomatini, these latter two being referred to as the subfamily Cichlasomatinae in some classifications, while the monogeneric Astronotini was a sister taxon to these four, while the Cichlini and Retroculini made up a sister clade of the other five. Tribes The following tribes make up the subfamily Cichlinae: * Cichlini * Retroculini * Astronotini * Chaetobranchini * Geophagini * Cichlasomatini * Heroini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apistogramma
''Apistogramma'' is a large genus of freshwater fish in the family Cichlidae found in South America, but also commonly kept in aquariums. They are dwarf cichlids that mostly feed on tiny animals and have breeding behaviors that vary depending on the exact species. Range, conservation status and habitat ''Apistogramma'' are exclusively found in tropical and subtropical South America in the lowlands east of the Andes. The highest richness is in the western Amazon Basin and Orinoco Basin, but there are also species in the Guianan Shield, eastern Amazon Basin, rivers flowing into the Atlantic in northern Brazil (Tocantins– Araguaia to Parnaíba) and the Río de la Plata Basin.Kullander, S.O., and E.J.G. Ferreira (2005). Two new species of Apistogramma Regan (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from the rio Trombetas, Pará State, Brazil. Neotrop. ichthyol. 3(3). Although a few species are widespread, most members of this genus have small ranges.Tougard, C., C.R.G. Dávila, U. Römer, F. Duponc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apistogrammoides
''Apistogrammoides pucallpaensis'' is a South American dwarf cichlid that reaches up to in standard length. This fish is found in the western Amazon basin, including the systems of the lower Ucayali, lower Japurá and upper Amazon River, in Peru, Colombia and Brazil. It typically lives among leaf litter or floating plants in water with little or no current.Cavalcante de Oliveira, J., J. Alves de Oliveira, and D.P.C. Rossato (2019). First record of Apistogrammoides pucallpaensis Meinken, 1965 (Perciformes, Cichlidae) for Brazil, in addition to fecundity information. Acta Limnol. Bras. 31. It is the only known member of the genus ''Apistogrammoides'', but it is closely related to ''Apistogramma ''Apistogramma'' is a large genus of freshwater fish in the family Cichlidae found in South America, but also commonly kept in aquariums. They are dwarf cichlids that mostly feed on tiny animals and have breeding behaviors that vary depending on ...''.López-Fernández, H., R.L. Ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teleocichla
''Teleocichla'' is a genus of fish in the family Cichlidae found in the Tapajós, Xingu, Tocantins and Jari River basins, which are part of the Amazon River Basin in Brazil. All species are rheophilic, and highly elongated in shape. They generally are smaller than in length, making them some of the smallest cichlids of the Americas. Only ''T. preta'' can grow larger, reaching about . Since restricted to areas with fast currents (such as cataracts and rapids), they are particularly vulnerable to the building of dams, and the Belo Monte Dam may cause the extinction of ''T. centisquama''. Other species recognized as threatened by Brazil's Ministry of the Environment are ''T. cinderella'', ''T. prionogenys'' and ''T. wajapi''.ICMBio (Ministry of the Environment, Brazil)Portaria MMA nº 445, de 17 de dezembro de 2014 Lista de Especies Ameaçadas - Saiba Mais. Retrieved 1 December 2018. Species There are currently 9 recognized species in this genus, but several undescribed species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crenicara
''Crenicara'' is a small genus of cichlid fishes native to creeks and rivers in the Amazon and Essequibo basins in South America. These cichlids have several dark spots on the sides of their bodies, and do not surpass in length. In the past, the members of the genus '' Dicrossus'' were sometimes included in ''Crenicara''. Members of both genera are sometimes known as checkerboard or chessboard cichlids. Species The two recognized species in this genus are: * '' Crenicara latruncularium'' S. O. Kullander & Staeck, 1990 * '' Crenicara punctulatum'' ( Günther, 1863) (checkerboard cichlid) ; Names brought to synonymy * ''Crenicara altispinosa'' Haseman, 1911, a synonym for ''Mikrogeophagus altispinosus ''Mikrogeophagus altispinosus'' is a species of fish endemic to the Amazon River basin in Brazil and Bolivia. The species is part of the family Cichlidae and subfamily Geophaginae. It is a popular aquarium fish, traded under the common names ...'' * ''Crenicara elegans'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biotoecus
''Biotoecus'' is a fish genus of cichlids from northern South America where one species ''(B. dicentrarchus)'' is found in the Orinoco Basin The Orinoco Basin is the part of South America drained by the Orinoco river and its tributaries. The Orinoco watershed covers an area of about 990000 km2, making it the third largest in South America, covering most of Venezuela and eastern p ... and the other ''(B. opercularis)'' occurs in the northern part of the Amazon Basin. These small cichlids do not surpass in length. Species The two recognized species in this genus are: * '' Biotoecus dicentrarchus'' S. O. Kullander, 1989 * '' Biotoecus opercularis'' ( Steindachner, 1875) References * Geophagini Cichlid genera Taxa named by Carl H. Eigenmann {{Cichlidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guianacara
''Guianacara'' is a small genus of cichlid fish endemic to freshwater habitats in the Guiana Shield The Guiana Shield (french: Plateau des Guyanes, Bouclier guyanais; nl, Hoogland van Guyana, Guianaschild; pt, Planalto das Guianas, Escudo das Guianas; es, Escudo guayanés) is one of the three cratons of the South American Plate. It is a ... in South America. They mostly live in moderately flowing clear- or blackwater rivers and streams, but also occur in lagoons that are seasonally flooded. They are typically found over bottoms consisting of sandy patches intermixed with large rocks. The different species all have a dark line through the eye (its strength varies), but the adults can be separated by the appearance of the dark bar or spot on the mid-body. They reach up to in standard length. They mainly feed on small invertebrates. Species The seven recognized species in this genus are: * '' Guianacara cuyunii'' López-Fernández, Taphorn & Kullander, 2006 * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crenicichla
''Crenicichla'' is a genus of cichlids native to South America commonly known as the pike cichlids. They are found in most tropical and subtropical freshwater habitats between the Andes and the Atlantic. Description The smallest species of ''Crenicichla'' (notably members of the ''C. wallacii'' species group) are no larger than ,Gottwald, J: Crenicichla arten.' and technically qualify as "dwarf cichlids" for the aquarium hobby – though their aggressive and voracious habits should let prospective keepers beware. The biggest pike cichlids can grow to about long. Most ''Crenicichla'' measure in the range of . Like many other predatory fishes, a pike cichlid has a wide mouth and elongated body. Distribution and ecology The genus ''Crenicichla'' is native to freshwater in tropical and subtropical South America east of the Andes, ranging from Trinidad and the Guiana Shield (including Orinoco), through the Amazon and Río de la Plata Basins, south as far as Río Negro in Arg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dicrossus
''Dicrossus'' is a genus of small cichlid fishes native to rivers in the Amazon and Orinoco basins in South America. These cichlids have several dark spots on the sides of their bodies (although very faint in some). Depending on the species, they typically only reach in length. In the past, ''Dicrossus'' species were sometimes included in the genus ''Crenicara ''Crenicara'' is a small genus of cichlid fishes native to creeks and rivers in the Amazon and Essequibo basins in South America. These cichlids have several dark spots on the sides of their bodies, and do not surpass in length. In the past, ...'', instead. Members of both genera are sometimes known as checkerboard or chessboard cichlids. Species The five recognized species in this genus are: * '' Dicrossus filamentosus'' ( Ladiges, 1958) (chessboard cichlid) * '' Dicrossus foirni'' U. Römer, I. J. Hahn & Vergara, 2010Römer, U., Hahn, I. & Vergara, P.M. (2010)Description of ''Dicrossus foirni'' sp. n. and '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biotodoma
''Biotodoma'' is a small genus of cichlids native to rivers in the Amazon, Orinoco and Essequibo basins in South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the sout .... Species There are two currently recognized species in the genus, but additional cryptic species are known to exist.Carvalho, A.P.C., R.A. Collins, J.G. Martínez, I.P. Farias, and T. Hrbek (2019). From shallow to deep divergences: mixed messages from Amazon Basin cichlids. Hydrobiologia 832(1): 317–329. * '' Biotodoma cupido'' ( Heckel, 1840) (green-streaked eartheater) * '' Biotodoma wavrini'' ( J. P. Gosse, 1963) (Orinoco eartheater) References * Geophagini Cichlid genera Taxa named by Carl H. Eigenmann {{Cichlidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
