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Frood Fouladvand
Frood Fouladvand ( fa, فرود فولادوند; born 26 November 1941) was an Iranian peoples, Iranian actor, film director, playwright, screenwriter, Monarchism in Iran, monarchist, and founder of the group Kingdom Assembly of Iran, Kingdom Assembly of Iran (API). He was known for his political activism and vocal opposition to the Iranian government, as well as his prolific film career in Iran and Egypt. He and two other API members disappeared in January 2007 near Yüksekova in Turkey near the Iran–Turkey border whilst on what was described by his supporters as a mission to "liberate" Iran. It is presumed that he was abducted by Ministry of Intelligence (Iran), Iranian security forces. Life before politics Frood Fouladvand was born as Fathollah Manouchehri in the Lorestan Province of Iran. He belonged to the Fouladvand tribe, who are Bakhtiari people, Bakhtiari Lurs. During the Pahlavi Iran, Imperial Era, he worked as a playwright, director, actor, screenwriter and voice dubb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shah Valeh
Shah Valeh ( fa, شاهوله, also Romanized as Shāh Valeh, Shāh Valī, Shāhveleh, and Shāh Waleh; also known as Shāh Valad) is a village in Japelaq-e Gharbi Rural District, Japelaq District, Azna County, Lorestan Province, Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni .... At the 2006 census, its population was 128, in 35 families. References Populated places in Azna County {{Azna-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bakhtiari People
The Bakhtiari (also spelled Bakhtiyari; fa, بختیاری) are a Lur tribe from Iran. They speak the Bakhtiari dialect of the Luri language. Bakhtiaris primarily inhabit Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari and eastern Khuzestan, Lorestan, Bushehr, and Isfahan provinces. Bakhtiari tribes have an especially large population concentration in the cities of Masjed Soleyman, Izeh, Shahr-e Kord, and Andika, and the surrounding villages. A small percentage of Bakhtiari are still nomadic pastoralists, migrating between summer quarters (''sardsīr'' or ''yaylāq'') and winter quarters (''garmsīr'' or ''qishlāq''). Numerical estimates of their total population vary widely. Origins Although there have been several suggested theories for the origin of the Bakhtiyaris, historians and researchers generally agree that they are Lurs. According to folklore, the Lurs are descended from a group of youngsters who survived and fled from the demon Zahhak, a demonic figure who is mentioned in Zoroastr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islamic Republic
The term Islamic republic has been used in different ways. Some Muslim religious leaders have used it as the name for a theoretical form of Islamic theocratic government enforcing sharia, or laws compatible with sharia. The term has also been used for a sovereign state taking a compromise position between a purely Islamic caliphate and a secular, nationalist republic -- neither an Islamic monarchy nor secular republic. In other cases it is used merely as a symbol of cultural identity. There are also a number of states where Islam is the state religion and that are (at least partly) ruled by Islamic laws, but carry only "republic" in their official names, not "Islamic republic" — examples include Iraq, Yemen and Maldives. Other supporters of strict sharia law, (such as the Taliban), prefer the title "Islamic emirate", as emirates were common throughout Islamic history and "republic" has a Western origin -- coming from the Roman () indicating that the "supreme power is held ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Derafsh Kaviani Flag Of The Late Sassanid Empire
The Derafsh ( fa, درفش) was a flag-like object used as a military standard by units in the Ancient Iranian (Persian) army. History Derafsh refers to a piece of skin or cloth, usually with different patterns and colors, which is used as one of the main symbols to identify relatives and gather together or show the direction of attack. It was originally made of wood, horn, bronze, animal skin and other carved and painted wood or metal ornaments. While there was no flag anywhere, Persians used a bronze flag for the first time which they called Derafsh Shahdad in 2400 BCE. Also, while Derafsh Shahbaz Shahbaz (bird) was used for the standard of Cyrus the Great, these flag-like banners were used for each unit of the Achaemenid army with different style and shapes in 550 BC. the Parthians used a bronze Derafsh Kaviani as a flag, which was tied to a cross bar on the top of the spear under the influence of Kaveh the blacksmith . Its image can be seen on the minted coins of the Parthia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proceeds Of Crime Act 2002
The Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (c.29) (POCA) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which provides for the confiscation or civil recovery of the proceeds from crime and contains the principal money laundering legislation in the UK. Background The act was enacted following the publication on 14 June 2000 of new government policy as set out in the Performance and Innovation Unit's report "Recovering the Proceeds of Crime". It deals with a wide range of matters relevant to UK law on proceeds of crime issues. These include confiscation orders against convicted individuals (requiring payment to the State based upon the benefit obtained from their crimes), civil recovery of proceeds of crime from unconvicted individuals, taxation of profits generated from crime, UK anti-money laundering legislation, powers of investigation into suspected proceeds of crime offences, and international co-operation by UK law enforcement agencies against money laundering. The Act has bee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Criticism Of Islam
Criticism of Islam is broadly defined as criticism of the Islamic religion in its beliefs, principles, and/or any other ideas attributed to Islam. Criticism of Islam has existed since Islam's formative stages. Early written disapprovals came from Christians and Jews as well as from some former Muslims such as Ibn al-Rawandi.De Haeresibus by John of Damascus. See Migne. ''Patrologia Graeca'', vol. 94, 1864, cols 763–73. An English translation by the Reverend John W Voorhis appeared in ''The Moslem World'' for October 1954, pp. 392–98. Later the Muslim world itself received criticism.Ibn Kammuna, ''Examination of the Three Faiths'', trans. Moshe Perlmann (Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1971), pp. 148–49 Western criticism of Islam grew after the September 11 attacks and other terrorist incidents, in regard to its scriptures and teachings, which were claimed to be a significant source of terrorism and terrorist ideology. Objects of criticism include the morality of the life ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secularism
Secularism is the principle of seeking to conduct human affairs based on Secularity, secular, Naturalism (philosophy), naturalistic considerations. Secularism is most commonly defined as the Separation of church and state, separation of religion from civil affairs and the state, and may be broadened to a similar position seeking to remove or to minimize the role of religion in any public sphere. The term "secularism" has a broad range of meanings, and in the most schematic, may encapsulate any stance that promotes the secular in any given context. It may connote anti-clericalism, atheism, Naturalism (philosophy), naturalism, Nonsectarian, non-sectarianism, Neutrality (philosophy), neutrality on topics of religion, or the complete removal of religious symbols from public institutions. As a philosophy, secularism seeks to interpret life based on principles derived solely from the material world, without recourse to religion. It shifts the focus from religion towards "temporal" a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of The Islamic Republic Of Iran
The Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran ( fa, نظام جمهوری اسلامی ایران, Neẓām-e jomhūrī-e eslāmi-e Irān, known simply as ''Neẓām'' ( fa, نظام, lit=the system) among its supporters) is the ruling state and current political system in Iran, in power since the Islamic revolution and fall of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. Its constitution, adopted by an ex post facto referendum, uses separation of powers model with Executive, Legislative, and Judicial systems, while the Supreme Leader is the country's head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. It is currently one of the three governments using the title Islamic republic. Creation The Islamic Republic of Iran was created shortly after the Islamic Revolution. The first major demonstrations with the intent to overthrow the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi began in January 1978, with a new, Islam-based, theocratic Constitution being approved in December 1979, ending the monarchy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arabic
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic languages, Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin/Boston, 2011. Having emerged in the 1st century, it is named after the Arabs, Arab people; the term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula, as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece. Since the 7th century, Arabic has been characterized by diglossia, with an opposition between a standard Prestige (sociolinguistics), prestige language—i.e., Literary Arabic: Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Classical Arabic—and diverse vernacular varieties, which serve as First language, mother tongues. Colloquial dialects vary significantly from MSA, impeding mutual intelligibility. MSA is only acquired through formal education and is not spoken natively. It is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allah
Allah (; ar, الله, translit=Allāh, ) is the common Arabic word for God. In the English language, the word generally refers to God in Islam. The word is thought to be derived by contraction from '' al- ilāh'', which means "the god", and is linguistically related to the Aramaic words Elah and Syriac (ʼAlāhā) and the Hebrew word '' El'' ('' Elohim'') for God. The feminine form of Allah is thought to be the word Allat. The word ''Allah'' has been used by Arabic people of different religions since pre-Islamic times. The pre-Islamic Arabs worshipped a supreme deity whom they called Allah, alongside other lesser deities. Muhammad used the word ''Allah'' to indicate the Islamic conception of God. ''Allah'' has been used as a term for God by Muslims (both Arab and non-Arab) and even Arab Christians after the term " al- ilāh" and "Allah" were used interchangeably in Classical Arabic by the majority of Arabs who had become Muslims. It is also often, albeit not exclusiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fathallah
Fathallah, Fathalla or the Turkish variant Fethullah is a transliteration of the Arabic given name, فتح الله (''Fatḥ Allāh''), built from the Arabic words ''fath'' and ''Allah''. It is one of many Arabic theophoric names, meaning "Allah's opening (God's opening)" or "God's conquest".Parati: ''Mediterranean Crossroads: Migration Literature in Italy'', 201. Given name Fathallah * Fathallah Oualalou Fathallah Oualalou ( ar, فتح الله والعلو) (born 1942 in Rabat) is a Moroccan politician. He was the mayor of Rabat from 2009 to 2015. He was the Minister of Economy and Finance of Morocco between March 1998 and October 2007. He is a ..., Moroccan politician * Fathallah Saqqal (born 1898), Syrian attorney, writer and government minister * Fathallah Sijilmassi, Moroccan politician and economist Fethullah * Fethullah Gülen (born 1941), Turkish preacher, former imam, writer and political figure. Founder of the Gülen movement (also known as Hizmet) Surname * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farud
Farud or Forud was an ancient king of Kelat in his early youth and makes up a chapter in the Shahnameh "The Book of Kings" (940-1020) by Ferdowsi where he is mentioned as the brother of Kai Khosrow. After becoming the ruler of ancient Iran Kai Khosrow prepared an army to seek to avenge his father's death for which he appointed nobles to take command. The nobles under whom the armies were assembled included Friburz (a noble warrior with his army), Gudarz (mentioned as a wise man in counsel together with his mighty sons on his right and left along with their armies) and Tus, who was given the responsibility by Kai Khosrow for leading the army with following instructions: Tus told Kai Khosrow that he would abide by the will of the king but after days of marching the armies came to a spot where the roads parted, one towards a harsh desert void water and food and other led to Kalat. Tus suggested Gudarz to take the road to Kelat since the army needs rest and refreshments but Gudarz d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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