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Francesc MaciÃ
Francesc Macià i Llussà (; 21 September 1859 – 25 December 1933) was a Spanish politician from Catalonia who served as the 122nd president of the Generalitat of Catalonia, and formerly an officer in the Spanish Army. Politically, he evolved from an initial regenerationism of Spain to the defense of the Catalan Republic, becoming the first president of the restored Generalitat and achieving the first successful establishment of the self-government of Catalonia of modern history. Life Early years Francesc Macià i Llussà was born in Vilanova i la Geltrú, Catalonia, Spain. Shortly after the death of his father, when he was 16, he entered the Military Academy of Guadalajara to join the Corps of Engineers of the Spanish Army, specializing in bridges, railways and telegraphs. He requested to be transferred to Cuba but was sent several times to Barcelona, Madrid and Seville, rising from telegrapher to captain. As an officer in the Spanish army, he favored its modernization. He ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Right Honourable
''The Right Honourable'' ( abbreviation: ''Rt Hon.'' or variations) is an honorific style traditionally applied to certain persons and collective bodies in the United Kingdom, the former British Empire and the Commonwealth of Nations. The term is predominantly used today as a style associated with the holding of certain senior public offices in the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand, and to a lesser extent, Australia. ''Right'' in this context is an adverb meaning 'very' or 'fully'. Grammatically, ''The Right Honourable'' is an adjectival phrase which gives information about a person. As such, it is not considered correct to apply it in direct address, nor to use it on its own as a title in place of a name; but rather it is used in the third person along with a name or noun to be modified. ''Right'' may be abbreviated to ''Rt'', and ''Honourable'' to ''Hon.'', or both. ''The'' is sometimes dropped in written abbreviated form, but is always pronounced. Countries with common or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalan Republic
Catalan Republic or Catalan State refers to Catalonia at various times when it was proclaimed either an independent republic or as a republic within a Spanish federal republic: * Catalan Republic (1641), a proclaimed independent state under French protection, but shortly thereafter incorporated into the Kingdom of France. * Catalan State (1873), a proclaimed state within the First Spanish Republic. * Catalan Republic (1931), a proclaimed state declared in anticipation of the imminent formation of a Spanish republic. Within days, this territory voluntarily became an autonomous area within the Second Spanish Republic. * Catalan State (1934), a "Catalan State within the Spanish Federal Republic" proclaimed during the Events of 6 October. * Catalan Republic (2017), a proposed state declared after the 2017 Catalan independence referendum An independence referendum was held on 1 October 2017 in the Autonomous communities of Spain, Spanish autonomous community of Catalonia, passed b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plot Of Prats De Molló
The plot of Prats de Molló, better known in Catalan historiography as the events of Prats de Molló, (''fets de Prats de Molló'') (by the place name in Catalan of the town of French Roussillon Prats-de-Mollo-la-Preste), was an attempted military invasion of Catalonia carried out from France to achieve its independence planned by Francesc Macià and the leadership of the Estat Català party, discovered and aborted in 1926. The plan consisted of the penetration of two columns (one from Saint-Laurent-de-Cerdans, the other from Coll d'Ares), which were to occupy Olot and proclaim the Catalan Republic. Preparations Primo de Rivera's coup d'état and the anti-Catalanist policy that he immediately adopted reaffirmed Estat Català 's commitment to the insurrectionary path. Francesc Macià , the then 64-year-old Estat Català leader, made this clear on October 7, 1923, shortly before he fled to French Catalonia when he explained that his party's main goal was to form a grand coaliti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perpignan
Perpignan (, , ; ca, Perpinyà ; es, Perpiñán ; it, Perpignano ) is the prefecture of the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France, in the heart of the plain of Roussillon, at the foot of the Pyrenees a few kilometres from the Mediterranean Sea and the scrublands of the Corbières massif. It is the centre of the Perpignan Méditerranée Métropole metropolitan area. In 2016 Perpignan had a population of 121,875 (''Perpignanais(e)'' in French, ''Perpinyanés(a)'' in Catalan) in the commune proper, and the metropolitan area had a total population of 268,577, making it the last major French city before the Spanish border. Perpignan is also sometimes seen as the "Entrance" of the Iberian Peninsula. Perpignan was the capital of the former province and County of Roussillon (''Rosselló'' in Catalan) and continental capital of the Kingdom of Majorca in the 13th and 14th centuries. It has preserved an extensive old centre with its ''bodegas'' in the historic centre, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miguel Primo De Rivera
Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja, 2nd Marquess of Estella (8 January 1870 – 16 March 1930), was a dictator, aristocrat, and military officer who served as Prime Minister of Spain from 1923 to 1930 during Spain's Restoration era. He deeply believed that it was the politicians who had ruined Spain and that by governing without them, he could restore the nation. His slogan was "Country, Religion, Monarchy." On the death of his uncle in 1921 he became Marquess of Estella. With the support of King Alfonso XIII and the army, Primo de Rivera led a Mussolini-inspired military coup on 13 September 1923.Television documentary from CC&C Ideacom Production,"Apocalypse Never-Ending War 1918-1926", part 2, aired on DR K on 22 October 2018 He was appointed Prime Minister by the King. He promised to eliminate corruption and to regenerate Spain. In order to do this he suspended the constitution, established martial law, imposed a strict system of censorship, and ended the ''turno'' ( spo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nationalist Democratic Federation
The Nationalist Democratic Federation ( ca, Federació Democrà tica Nacionalista, es, (Federación Democrática Nacionalista, FDN) was a political party during the Spanish Restoration period. It was founded by Francesc Macià Francesc Macià i Llussà (; 21 September 1859 – 25 December 1933) was a Spanish politician from Catalonia who served as the 122nd president of the Generalitat of Catalonia, and formerly an officer in the Spanish Army. Politically, he evolve ... in February 1919 and was the successor to the Catalan Nationalist Association (ANC). It was merged into Catalan State in 1923. References Defunct political parties in Catalonia Defunct political parties in Spain Political parties established in 1919 Political parties disestablished in 1923 1919 establishments in Spain 1923 disestablishments in Spain Restoration (Spain) {{Spain-party-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Congress
The Congress of Deputies ( es, link=no, Congreso de los Diputados, italic=unset) is the lower house of the Cortes Generales, Spain's legislative branch. The Congress meets in the Palace of the Parliament () in Madrid. It has 350 members elected by constituencies (matching fifty Spanish provinces and two autonomous cities) by closed list proportional representation using the D'Hondt method. Deputies serve four-year terms. The presiding officer is the President of the Congress of Deputies, who is elected by the members thereof. It is the analogue to a speaker. In the Congress, MPs from the political parties, or groups of parties, form parliamentary groups. Groups must be formed by at least 15 deputies, but a group can also be formed with only five deputies if the parties got at least 5% of the nationwide vote, or 15% of the votes in the constituencies in which they ran. The deputies belonging to parties who cannot create their own parliamentary group form the Mixed Group. Af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cantabria
Cantabria (, also , , Cantabrian: ) is an autonomous community in northern Spain with Santander as its capital city. It is called a ''comunidad histórica'', a historic community, in its current Statute of Autonomy. It is bordered on the east by the Basque autonomous community (province of Biscay), on the south by Castile and León ( provinces of León, Palencia and Burgos), on the west by the Principality of Asturias, and on the north by the Cantabrian Sea (Bay of Biscay). Cantabria belongs to ''Green Spain'', the name given to the strip of land between the Bay of Biscay and the Cantabrian Mountains, so called because of its particularly lush vegetation, due to the wet and moderate oceanic climate. The climate is strongly influenced by Atlantic Ocean winds trapped by the mountains; the average annual precipitation is about . Cantabria has archaeological sites from the Upper Paleolithic period, although the first signs of human occupation date from the Lower Paleolithic. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santoña
Santoña is a town in the eastern coast of the autonomous community of Cantabria, on the north coast of Spain. It is situated by the bay of the same name. It is from the capital Santander. Santoña is divided into two zones, an urban plain, and a mountainous area, with Mount Buciero at its eastern limit, and Brusco and the beach of Berria to the north. The beach of San Martin comprises its south limit and the fishing harbor and marsh area its western limit. In August 1719 the town was successfully attacked and captured by French forces supported by the British Royal Navy during the War of the Quadruple Alliance. Extensive naval supplies were seized or destroyed, and along with the Duke of Berwick's simultaneous taking of San Sebastian, put pressure of Philip V to make peace which he subsequently did at the Treaty of The Hague. Population centres *Santoña, the main town, where most of the population lives. *Dueso, 174 inhabitants in 2008. Instituto Nacional de EstadÃstica Loca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catalan Solidarity (1906)
Catalan Solidarity ( ca, Solidaritat Catalana, SC) was a coalition of political parties in Catalonia formed after the 1905 ¡Cu-Cut! incident The ''¡Cu-Cut!'' incident, also known as La Cuartelada, was an assault conducted by Spanish officers on the Catalan satirical magazine ''¡Cu-Cut!'' offices in Barcelona on November 25, 1905 in response to the publication of a satirical cartoon ... and the approval of the 1906 Jurisdiction Act. Defunct political party alliances in Spain Political parties in Catalonia Political parties established in 1906 Political parties disestablished in 1909 1906 establishments in Spain 1909 disestablishments in Spain Restoration (Spain) {{Spain-party-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Veu De Catalunya
''La Veu de Catalunya'' (Catalonia voice) was a Catalan newspaper founded by Enric Prat de la Riba that was published in Barcelona from 1 January 1899 to 8 January 1937, with two editions daily. It was the press organ for the ideological and political program of the Lliga Regionalista, and the conservative editorial line promoted the so-called ''Autonomia'', the normality of the public use of the Catalan language and the Catalan school. From a journalistic point of view, it was a modern newspaper, organized by sections, with correspondents and collaborators in the territory, and a team that combined young people and the best journalists of the time. It was the longest running newspaper in Catalan of the 20th century, with 38 years of daily publication. The header, designed by Domènec i Montaner, showed a quadribarred eagle. Josep Pla and Eugeni Xammar, in their day, and journalism historian Josep Maria Figueres, nowadays, have considered ''La Veu'' the best Catalan newspaper e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
¡Cu-Cut! Incident
The ''¡Cu-Cut!'' incident, also known as La Cuartelada, was an assault conducted by Spanish officers on the Catalan satirical magazine ''¡Cu-Cut!'' offices in Barcelona on November 25, 1905 in response to the publication of a satirical cartoon mocking the Spanish military. Background Spanish military personnel had been a common target of ''¡Cu-Cut!s editors because the Spanish Army had become an outdated and defective institution. Moreover, a sentiment prevailed in Barcelona that viewed the Spanish Army as the arm of a centralist and repressive government. General Valeriano Weyler and the role of the Spanish Army in the painful defeat in Cuba were recurrent topics of the magazine. The November 12, 1905 municipal elections in Barcelona were a success for the Lliga Regionalista, a Catalanist political party to which ''¡Cu-Cut!'' was affiliated. Six days later, the ''Lliga'' organized a celebratory dinner at the Frontón Condal building. That was not liked by rival Lerrouxi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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