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Evanioidea
The Evanioidea are a small hymenopteran superfamily that includes three families, two of which (Aulacidae and Gasteruptiidae) are much more closely related to one another than they are to the remaining family, Evaniidae. The rich fossil record, however, helps fill in the gaps between these lineages. They all share the trait of having the metasoma attached very high above the hind arthropod leg, coxae on the propodeum. It is a poorly known group as a whole, with some 1100 known species in total, and a great many species are still undescribed. While each of the three families differs in biology, within each family, they are remarkably uniform in appearance and habits. The oldest records of the group date to the Middle Jurassic, and were diverse from the Middle Jurassic to mid Cretaceous, however, during the mid-Cretaceous they were overtaken in diversity by the Ichneumonoidea, and since the end of the Cretaceous have a relatively scant fossil record. References External linksT ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evaniidae
Evaniidae is a family of parasitoid wasps also known as ensign wasps, nightshade wasps, hatchet wasps, or cockroach egg parasitoid wasps. They number around 20 extant genera containing over 400 described species, and are found all over the world except in the polar regions. The larvae of these solitary wasps are parasitoids that feed on cockroaches and develop inside the egg-cases, or oothecae, of their hosts. Description Evaniidae have the metasoma attached very high above the hind coxae on the propodeum, and the metasoma itself is quite small, with a long, one-segmented, tube-like petiole, and compressed laterally over most of its length (segments 2–8). The ovipositor is short and thin. When active, these wasps jerk the metasoma up and down constantly, as referenced in their common names. The mesosoma is high, short, and heavily sclerotized, with a ridged and pitted surface. The head is largely immovable and attaches to the mesosoma on a short neck; with usually 13- segment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andreneliidae
Evaniidae is a family of parasitoid wasps also known as ensign wasps, nightshade wasps, hatchet wasps, or cockroach egg parasitoid wasps. They number around 20 extant genera containing over 400 described species, and are found all over the world except in the polar regions. The larvae of these solitary wasps are parasitoids that feed on cockroaches and develop inside the egg-cases, or oothecae, of their hosts. Description Evaniidae have the metasoma attached very high above the hind coxae on the propodeum, and the metasoma itself is quite small, with a long, one-segmented, tube-like petiole, and compressed laterally over most of its length (segments 2–8). The ovipositor is short and thin. When active, these wasps jerk the metasoma up and down constantly, as referenced in their common names. The mesosoma is high, short, and heavily sclerotized, with a ridged and pitted surface. The head is largely immovable and attaches to the mesosoma on a short neck; with usually 13- segment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evanioidea
The Evanioidea are a small hymenopteran superfamily that includes three families, two of which (Aulacidae and Gasteruptiidae) are much more closely related to one another than they are to the remaining family, Evaniidae. The rich fossil record, however, helps fill in the gaps between these lineages. They all share the trait of having the metasoma attached very high above the hind arthropod leg, coxae on the propodeum. It is a poorly known group as a whole, with some 1100 known species in total, and a great many species are still undescribed. While each of the three families differs in biology, within each family, they are remarkably uniform in appearance and habits. The oldest records of the group date to the Middle Jurassic, and were diverse from the Middle Jurassic to mid Cretaceous, however, during the mid-Cretaceous they were overtaken in diversity by the Ichneumonoidea, and since the end of the Cretaceous have a relatively scant fossil record. References External linksT ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gasteruptiidae
The Gasteruptiidae are one of the more distinctive families among the apocritan wasps, with surprisingly little variation in appearance for a group that contains around 500 species in two subfamilies ( Gasteruptiinae and Hyptiogastrinae) and with 6 genera worldwide. They are members of Evanioidea. Genera This family includes the following genera in two subfamilies: * Gasteruptiinae Ashmead, 1900 ** '' Gasteruption'' Latreille, 1777 ** '' Plutofoenus'' Kieffer, 1911 ** '' Spinolafoenus'' Macedo, 2009 ** '' Trilobitofoenus'' Macedo, 2009 * Hyptiogastrinae ** '' Hyptiogaster'' Kieffer, 1903 ** '' Pseudofoenus'' Kieffer, 1902 Several fossil species are also known: *Hypselogastriinae **'' Hypselogastrion'' Engel & Wang, 2016 Burmese amber, Myanmar, mid Cretaceous (latest Albian - earliest Cenomanian) *Kotujellitinae **†'' Kotujellites'' Rasnitsyn 1990 Taimyr amber, Russia Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) **†'' Kotujisca'' Rasnitsyn 1991 Andaikhudag Formation, Mongolia, Early C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aulacidae
The Aulacidae are a small, cosmopolitan family of wasps, with two extant genera containing some 200 known species. They are primarily endoparasitoids of wood wasps (Xiphydriidae) and xylophagous beetles (Cerambycidae and Buprestidae). They are closely related to the family Gasteruptiidae, sharing the feature of having the first and second metasomal tergites fused, and having the head on a long pronotal "neck", though they are not nearly as slender and elongate as gasteruptiids, nor are their hind legs club-like, and they have more sculptured thoraces. They share the evanioid trait of having the metasoma attached very high above the hind coxae on the propodeum. While generally rarely collected, they can be locally abundant in areas undergoing logging or forest fires. The rich fossil record of Aulacidae indicates they were quite abundant in the Mesozoic The Mesozoic Era ( ), also called the Age of Reptiles, the Age of Conifers, and colloquially as the Age of the Dinosaurs is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Othniodellithidae
Praeaulacidae is an extinct family of Mesozoic parasitic wasps in the suborder Evanioidea. It among the earliest known families of the group and is characterised by more complete wing venation in comparison to other members of the suborder. It has been found that Othniodellithidae is nested within Praeaulacidae via cladistic analysis. Genera Taxonomy according to Jouault et al, 2020 * †'' Albiogonalys'' Nel et al. 2003 Charentese amber, France, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) *†subfamily Cretocleistogastrinae Rasnitsyn 1990 **†'' Cretocleistogaster'' Rasnitsyn 1975 Zaza Formation, Turga Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian) **†'' Miniwestratia'' Rasnitsyn 1990 Dzun-Bain Formation, Mongolia, Aptian **†'' Nanowestratia'' Rasnitsyn 1990, Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian **†'' Sinowestratia'' Zhang and Zheng 2000 Yixian Formation, China, Aptian **†'' Westratia'' Jell and Duncan 1986 Tsagaantsav Formation, Mongolia, Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian/Barremian) Koonwar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Praeaulacidae
Praeaulacidae is an extinct family of Mesozoic parasitic wasps in the suborder Evanioidea. It among the earliest known families of the group and is characterised by more complete wing venation in comparison to other members of the suborder. It has been found that Othniodellithidae is nested within Praeaulacidae via cladistic analysis. Genera Taxonomy according to Jouault et al, 2020 * †'' Albiogonalys'' Nel et al. 2003 Charentese amber, France, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) *†subfamily Cretocleistogastrinae Rasnitsyn 1990 **†'' Cretocleistogaster'' Rasnitsyn 1975 Zaza Formation, Turga Formation, Russia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian) **†'' Miniwestratia'' Rasnitsyn 1990 Dzun-Bain Formation, Mongolia, Aptian **†'' Nanowestratia'' Rasnitsyn 1990, Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian **†'' Sinowestratia'' Zhang and Zheng 2000 Yixian Formation, China, Aptian **†'' Westratia'' Jell and Duncan 1986 Tsagaantsav Formation, Mongolia, Early Cretaceous (Hauterivian/Barremian) Koonwar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera is a large order (biology), order of insects, comprising the sawfly, sawflies, wasps, bees, and ants. Over 150,000 living species of Hymenoptera have been described, in addition to over 2,000 extinct ones. Many of the species are Parasitoid wasp, parasitic. Females typically have a special ovipositor for inserting eggs into hosts or places that are otherwise inaccessible. This ovipositor is often modified into a stinger. The young develop through holometabolism (complete metamorphosis (biology), metamorphosis)—that is, they have a wormlike larval stage and an inactive pupal stage before they mature. Etymology The name Hymenoptera refers to the wings of the insects, but the original derivation is ambiguous. All references agree that the derivation involves the Ancient Greek language, Ancient Greek wikt:πτερόν, πτερόν (''pteron'') for wing. The Ancient Greek wikt:ὑμήν, ὑμήν (''hymen'') for membrane provides a plausible etymology for the term bec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metasoma
The metasoma is the posterior part of the body, or tagma, of arthropods whose body is composed of three parts, the other two being the prosoma and the mesosoma. In insects, it contains most of the digestive tract, respiratory system, and circulatory system, and the apical segments are typically modified to form genitalia. In a few of the most primitive insects (the Archaeognatha), the metasomal segments bear small, articulated appendages called "styli", which are often considered to be vestigial. There are also pre-apical appendages in most insect orders, called cerci, which may be multi-segmented and almost resembling a posterior pair of antennae; these may be variously modified, or lost entirely. Otherwise, most adult insects lack appendages on the metasoma, though many larval insects (e.g., caterpillars) have some form of appendages, such as prolegs or, in aquatic insects, gills. In apocritan Hymenoptera (wasps, bees and ants), the metasoma consists of the second abdominal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arthropod Leg
The arthropod leg is a form of jointed appendage of arthropods, usually used for walking. Many of the terms used for arthropod leg segments (called podomeres) are of Latin origin, and may be confused with terms for bones: ''coxa'' (meaning hip, plural ''coxae''), ''trochanter'', ''femur'' (plural ''femora''), ''tibia'' (plural ''tibiae''), ''tarsus'' (plural ''tarsi''), ''ischium'' (plural ''ischia''), ''metatarsus'', ''carpus'', ''dactylus'' (meaning finger), ''patella'' (plural ''patellae''). Homologies of leg segments between groups are difficult to prove and are the source of much argument. Some authors posit up to eleven segments per leg for the most recent common ancestor of extant arthropods but modern arthropods have eight or fewer. It has been argued that the ancestral leg need not have been so complex, and that other events, such as successive loss of function of a ''Hox''-gene, could result in parallel gains of leg segments. In arthropods, each of the leg segments ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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