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Esociformes
The Esociformes () are a small order of ray-finned fish, with two families, Umbridae and Esocidae. The pikes of genus '' Esox'' give the order its name. This order is closely related to the Salmoniformes, the two comprising the superorder Protacanthopterygii, and are often included in their order. The esociform fishes first appeared in the mid-Cretaceous — early products of the Euteleostei radiation of that time. Today, they are found in weed-choked freshwater habitats in North America and northern Eurasia. Esocidae The three extant esocid genera ('' Esox'', '' Novumbra'', and ''Dallia'') together comprise a holarctic distribution. Two additional genera have been described from fossils dating to the Cretaceous of North America. Umbridae ''Umbra'' remains the only extant species in this family, and can be found in eastern North America and Europe. Three additional genera have been described from fossils dating from the Paleocene of Europe; however, genetic studies on t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protacanthopterygii
Protacanthopterygii is a ray-finned fish taxon ranked as a superorder of the infraclass Teleostei. They inhabit both marine and freshwater habitats. They appear to have evolved in the Cretaceous or perhaps late Jurassic, originating probably roughly 150 million years ago; fossils of them and the closely related Otocephala are known from throughout the Cretaceous.Encyclopædia Britannica Online (2009): Annotated classification – Superorder Protacanthopterygii. ''In:'Fish Version of 2009-APR-22. Retrieved 2009-SEP-28. Characteristics and origin The Protacanthopterygii contain a number of moderately advanced teleosts. Anatomical and other traits commonly found in this superorder are: more than 24 vertebrae, epicentral cartilages, one supraorbital bone, and a mesocoracoid, an adipose fin, and (often prominent) glossohyal teeth. However, they usually lack a protrusible upper jaw, a gular plate, and proximal forking of the intermuscular bones. Most members of this taxon are rat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esocidae
Esocidae is a family of fish in the order Esociformes, which contains pike, pickerel, and mudminnows. While the family traditionally only contained the genus ''Esox'', recent genetic and paleontological research have recovered ''Novumbra'' and ''Dallia'' as members of the family Esocidae, being closer related to ''Esox'' than ''Umbra''. Fossil specimens from the Mesozoic in North America have been assigned as two additional genera in this family. Distribution Esocidae has a holarctic distribution. Species in the genus ''Esox'' can be found in Eurasia and North America, while ''Dallia'' has a more restricted range in Alaska and eastern Siberia. Of extant esocids, ''Novumbra'' has the most restricted range of all, being found only on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington state. Fossils of esocids ''Estesesox'' and ''Oldmanesox'' have been recovered in North America. '' Estesesox'' fossils have been described from the Lance, Hell Creek, Oldman, Foremost, and Milk River Formations ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dallia
''Dallia'' is a genus of mudminnows native to Russia and Alaska. Molecular data indicates the genus is more closely related to ''Esox'' and ''Novumbra'' than ''Umbra.'' ''Dallia'' diverged from ''Novumbra'' + ''Esox'' approximately 66 million years ago. Species Three species in this genus are recognized: ''Dallia admirabilis'' Chereshnev, 1980 (Amguema blackfish) ''Dallia delicatissima'' Smitt, 1881 (Pilkhykay blackfish) ''Dallia pectoralis The Alaska blackfish (''Dallia pectoralis'') is a species of freshwater fish in the esocid family ( Esocidae) of order Esociformes. It inhabits Arctic regions of Alaska as well as Siberia and the Bering Sea islands. Description Alaska blackfish ...'' T. H. Bean, 1880 (Alaska blackfish) Mitochondrial sequence data was examined from ''D. pectoralis'' and ''D. admirabilis'' and did not indicate that speciation within the genus in Russia; however, genetic isolation within Alaska for populations of ''D. pectoralis'' could be high and as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dallia Pectoralis (line Art)
The Alaska blackfish (''Dallia pectoralis'') is a species of freshwater fish in the esocid family (Esocidae) of order Esociformes. It inhabits Arctic regions of Alaska as well as Siberia and the Bering Sea islands. Description Alaska blackfish are small, with an average length of , but have been known to reach . They have an easily distinguishable morphology (a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features), with relatively large, posterior dorsal fin and anal fins, large, lobed pectoral fins located just posterior to the operculum, a diphycercal caudal fin, and small, pointy pelvic fins. The head is broad and flat, with the trunk being long and slender. The color is dark green to brown on the dorsal side, pale below, with light-colored blotches appearing laterally. Males can be distinguished from females by the presence of a reddish fringe along the dorsal, caudal, and anal fins; also, the tips of the ve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umbridae
Umbridae is a family of fish in the order Esociformes, which contains pike, pickerel, and mudminnows. The single living genus, ''Umbra'', occupies weed-choked freshwater habitats in eastern North America and eastern Europe. While the family traditionally contained the genera ''Umbra'', '' Novumbra'', and ''Dallia'', recent genetic and paleontological research have recovered this grouping as paraphyletic, with ''Novumbra'' and ''Dallia'' being moved to the family Esocidae. Distribution Umbridae contains three extant species, all within the genus ''Umbra'': ''Umbra pygmaea'', ''Umbra limi'', and ''Umbra krameri''. ''U. pygmaea'' can be found across the eastern United States and southeastern Canada. ''U. limi'' ranges throughout the Great Lakes region and Mississippi River basin of North America. ''U. krameri'' can be found in the Danube and Dniester River basins of Europe. ''Umbra ''spp. are most commonly found in the Atlantic coast regions of North America, along the marshy, l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esox Lucius1
''Esox'' is a genus of freshwater fish commonly known as pike or pickerel. It is the type genus of the family Esocidae. The type species of the genus is ''Esox lucius'', the northern pike. ''Esox'' has been present in Laurentia (which later became North America) and Eurasia since the Paleocene. Modern large pike species are native to the Palearctic and Nearctic realms, ranging across Northern America and from Western Europe to Siberia in North Asia. Pikes have the elongated, torpedo-like shape typical of predatory fishes, with sharply pointed heads and sharp teeth. Their coloration is typically grey-green with a mottled or spotted appearance with stripes along their backs, providing camouflage among underwater weeds, and each individual pike marking patterns are unique like fingerprints. Pikes can grow to a maximum recorded length of , reaching a maximum recorded weight of . Etymology The generic name ''Esox'' (pike fish) derives from the Greek ἴσοξ (''ee-soks'', a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Esox
''Esox'' is a genus of freshwater fish commonly known as pike or pickerel. It is the type genus of the family Esocidae. The type species of the genus is ''Esox lucius'', the northern pike. ''Esox'' has been present in Laurentia (which later became North America) and Eurasia since the Paleocene. Modern large pike species are native to the Palearctic and Nearctic realms, ranging across Northern America and from Western Europe to Siberia in North Asia. Pikes have the elongated, torpedo-like shape typical of predatory fishes, with sharply pointed heads and sharp teeth. Their coloration is typically grey-green with a mottled or spotted appearance with stripes along their backs, providing camouflage among underwater weeds, and each individual pike marking patterns are unique like fingerprints. Pikes can grow to a maximum recorded length of , reaching a maximum recorded weight of . Etymology The generic name ''Esox'' (pike fish) derives from the Greek ἴσοξ (''ee-soks'', a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Novumbra
''Novumbra'' is a genus of mudminnows (family Umbridae) native to Oregon and Washington state, USA. Molecular data suggests that this genus is more closely related to ''Esox'' than ''Dallia'' and ''Umbra''. ''Novumbra'' diverged from ''Esox'' roughly 65 million years ago in the Paleocene The Paleocene, ( ) or Palaeocene, is a geological epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 66 to 56 mya (unit), million years ago (mya). It is the first epoch of the Paleogene Period (geology), Period in the modern Cenozoic Era (geology), E .... Species Two species in this genus are recognized: *'' Novumbra hubbsi'' L. P. Schultz, 1929 (Olympic mudminnow) *†'' Novumbra oregonensis'' Cavender, 1969 References {{Taxonbar, from=Q7065124 Umbridae Ray-finned fish genera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euteleost
Euteleostei, whose members are known as euteleosts, is a clade of bony fishes within Teleostei that evolved some 240 million years ago. It is divided into Protacanthopterygii (including the salmon and dragonfish) and Neoteleostei (including the lanternfish, lizardfish, oarfish, and Acanthopterygii). The cladogram is based on Near et al. (2012) and Betancur-Rodriguez et al. 2016. They explored the phylogeny and divergence times of every major lineage, analysing the DNA sequences of 9 unlinked genes. They calibrated (set actual values for) branching times in this tree from 36 reliable measurements of absolute time from the fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ... record. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q1378777 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Pike
The northern pike (''Esox lucius'') is a species of carnivorous fish of the genus '' Esox'' (the pikes). They are typical of brackish and fresh waters of the Northern Hemisphere (''i.e.'' holarctic in distribution). They are known simply as a pike in Britain, Ireland, and most of Eastern Europe, Canada and the United States. Pike can grow to a relatively large size: the average length is about , with maximum recorded lengths of up to and published weights of . The IGFA currently recognizes a pike caught by Lothar Louis on Greffern Lake, Germany, on 16 October 1986, as the all-tackle world-record northern pike. Northern pike grow to larger sizes in Eurasia than in North America, and typically grow to larger sizes in coastal than inland regions of Eurasia. Etymology The northern pike gets its common name from its resemblance to the pole-weapon known as the pike (from the Middle English for 'pointed'). Various other unofficial trivial names are common pike, Lakes pike, great n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salmoniformes
Salmonidae is a family of ray-finned fish that constitutes the only currently extant family in the order Salmoniformes . It includes salmon (both Atlantic and Pacific species), trout (both ocean-going and landlocked), chars, freshwater whitefishes, graylings, taimens and lenoks, which are collectively known as the salmonids ("salmon-like fish"). The Atlantic salmon (''Salmo salar''), whose Latin name became that of its genus '' Salmo'', is also the source of the family and order names. Salmonids have a relatively primitive appearance among the teleost fish, with the pelvic fins being placed far back, and an adipose fin towards the rear of the back. They have slender bodies, with rounded scales and forked tails, and their mouths contain a single row of sharp teeth. Although the smallest species is just long as an adult, most are much larger, with the largest reaching . All salmonids spawn in fresh water of upper reaches of rivers and creeks, but in many cases, the fish spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Actinopterygii
Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. The ray-finned fishes are so called because their fins are webs of skin supported by bony or horny spines (rays), as opposed to the fleshy, lobed fins that characterize the class Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish). These actinopterygian fin rays attach directly to the proximal or basal skeletal elements, the radials, which represent the link or connection between these fins and the internal skeleton (e.g., pelvic and pectoral girdles). By species count, actinopterygians dominate the vertebrates, and they constitute nearly 99% of the over 30,000 species of fish. They are ubiquitous throughout freshwater and marine environments from the deep sea to the highest mountain streams. Extant species can range in size from ''Paedocypris'', at , to the massive ocean sunfish, at , and the long-bodied oarfish, at . The vast majority of Actinopt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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